New Semester Started Get 50% OFF Study Help! --h --m --s Claim Now

Question Answers

Textbooks

Find textbooks, questions and answers

Oops, something went wrong!

Change your search query and then try again

Result Not Found

Books FREE
Study Help
Tutors
AI Study Planner NEW
Sell Books

Search
Sign In
Register

study help
business
biostatistics

Biostatistics A Foundation For Analysis In The Health Sciences 9th Edition Wayne W. Daniel - Solutions

Janardhan et al. (A-28) examined 125 patients who underwent surgical or endovascular treatment for intracranial aneurysms. At 30 days postprocedure, 17 subjects experienced transient/persistent neurological deficits. The researchers performed logistic regression and found that the 95 percent
Solar keratoses are skin lesions commonly found on the scalp, face, backs of hands, forearms, ears, scalp, and neck. They are caused by long-term sun exposure, but they are not skin cancers. Chen et al. (A-27) studied 39 subjects randomly assigned (with a 3 to 1 ratio) to imiquimod cream and a
In a simple random sample of 200 patients undergoing therapy at a drug abuse treatment center, 60 percent belonged to ethnic group I. The remainder belonged to ethnic group II. In ethnic group I, 60 were being treated for alcohol abuse (A), 25 for marijuana abuse (B), and 20 for abuse of heroin,
A health research team believes that the incidence of depression is higher among people with hypoglycemia than among people who do not suffer from this condition.
A physician who wished to know more about the relationship between smoking and birth defects studies the health records of a sample of mothers and their children, including stillbirths and spontaneously aborted fetuses where possible.
In a study of the relationship between smoking and respiratory illness, a random sample of adults were classified according to consumption of tobacco and extent of respiratory symptoms.
A researcher wishes to compare the status of three communities with respect to immunity against polio in preschool children. A sample of preschool children was drawn from each of the three communities.
Each of a sample of 250 men drawn from a population of suspected joint disease victims was asked which of three symptoms bother him most. The same question was asked of a sample of 300 suspected women joint disease victims. The results were as follows:Most Bothersome Symptom Men Women Morning
A sample of reported cases of mumps in preschool children showed the following distribution by age:Age (Years) Number of Cases Under 1 6 1 20 2 35 3 41 4 48 Total 150 Test the hypothesis that cases occur with equal frequency in the five age categories. Let What is the p value for this test?
A survey of children under 15 years of age residing in the inner-city area of a large city were classified according to ethnic group and hemoglobin level. The results were as follows:Ethnic Hemoglobin Level (g/100 ml)Group 10.0 or Greater 9.0–9.9 Total A 80 100 20 200 B 99 190 96 385 C 70 30 10
A local health department sponsored a venereal disease (VD) information program that was open to high-school juniors and seniors who ranged in age from 16 to 19 years. The program director believed that each age level was equally interested in knowing more about VD. Since each age level was about
The following is the frequency distribution of scores made on an aptitude test by 175 applicants to a physical therapy training facility Score Number of Applicants Score Number of Applicants 10–14 3 40–44 28 15–19 8 45–49 20 Score Number of Applicants Score Number of Applicants 20–24 13
The following table shows 200 males classified according to social class and headache status:Social Class Headache Group A B C Total No headache 6 30 22 58(in previous year)Simple headache 11 35 17 63 Unilateral headache 4 19 14 37(nonmigraine)Migraine 5 25 12 42 Total 26 109 65 200 Do these data
A sample of 150 chronic carriers of a certain antigen and a sample of 500 noncarriers revealed the following blood group distributions:Blood Group Carriers Noncarriers Total 0 72 230 302 A 54 192 246 B 16 63 79 AB 8 15 23 Total 150 500 650 Can one conclude from these data that the two populations
Refer to Exercise 15. The following table shows data reported by Porcerelli et al. for 644 African-American and Caucasian women. May we conclude on the basis of these data that for women, race and victimization status are not independent? Let a = .05.No Victimization Partner Nonpartner Multiple
In a study of violent victimization of women and men, Porcerelli et al. (A-26) collected information from 679 women and 345 men ages 18 to 64 years at several family practice centers in the metropolitan Detroit area. Patients filled out a health history questionnaire that included a question about
Explain how researchers interpret the following measures:(a) Relative risk(b) Odds ratio(c) Mantel–Haenszel common odds ratio
Under what conditions is the Mantel–Haenszel test appropriate?
Define the following:(a) Observational study (b) Risk factor(c) Outcome (d) Retrospective study(e) Prospective study (f) Relative risk(g) Odds (h) Odds ratio(i) Confounding variable
When do researchers use the Fisher exact test rather than the chi-square test?
Explain the rationale behind the method of computing the expected frequencies in a test of homogeneity.
Explain the difference between a test of independence and a test of homogeneity.
Explain the rationale behind the method of computing the expected frequencies in a test of independence.
How are the degrees of freedom computed when an value is computed from a contingency table?
How does one adjust for small expected frequencies?
State Cochran’s rule for small expected frequencies in goodness-of-fit tests.
Explain how the degrees of freedom are computed for the chi-square goodness-of-fit tests.
What are the mean and variance of the chi-square distribution?
Explain how the chi-square distribution may be derived.
One of the objectives of a study by Mulloy and McNicholas (A-26) was to compare ventilation and gas exchange during sleep and exercise in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD). The investigators wished also to determine whether exercise studies could aid in the prediction of nocturnal
Scheeringa and Zeanah (A-25) examined the presence of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), the severity of posttraumatic symptomatology, and the pattern of expression of symptom clusters in relation to six independent variables that may be salient to the development of a posttraumatic disorder in
The purpose of a study by Balzamo et al. (A-24) was to investigate, in anesthetized rabbits, the effects of mechanical ventilation on the concentration of substance P (SP) measured by radioimmunoassay in nerves and muscles associated with ventilation and participating in the sensory innervation of
The objective of a study by Abrahamsson et al. (A-22) was to investigate the anti-thrombotic effects of an inhibitor of the plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) in rats given endotoxin. Experimental subjects were male Sprague–Dawley rats weighing between 300 and 400 grams. Among the data
According to Fils-Aime et al. (A-21), epidemiologic surveys have found that alcoholism is the most common mental or substance abuse disorder among men in the United States. Fils-Aime and associates investigated the interrelationships of age at onset of excessive alcohol consumption, family history
Hayton et al. (A-18) investigated the pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of cefetamet and cefetamet pivoxil in infants between the ages of 3.5 and 17.3 months who had received the antibiotic during and after urological surgery. Among the pharmacokinetic data collected were the following
A study by Davies et al. (A-17) was motivated by the fact that, in previous studies of contractile responses to -adrenoceptor agonists in single myocytes from failing and nonfailing human hearts, they had observed an age-related decline in maximum response to isoproterenol, at frequencies where the
Varela et al. (A-16) examined 515 patients who underwent lung resection for bronchogenic carcinoma.The outcome variable was the occurrence of cardiorespiratory morbidity after surgery. Any of the following postoperative events indicated morbidity: pulmonary atelectasis or pneumonia, respiratory or
In a study by Takata et al. (A-15), investigators evaluated the relationship between chewing ability and teeth number and measures of physical fitness in a sample of subjects ages 80 or higher in Japan.One of the outcome variables that measured physical fitness was leg extensor strength. To measure
Golfinopoulos and Arhonditsis (A-14) used a multiple regression model in a study of trihalomethanes(THMs) in drinking water in Athens, Greece. THMs are of concern since they have been related to cancer and reproductive outcomes. The researchers found the following regression model useful in
Refer to Chapter 9, Review Exercise 18. In the study cited in that exercise, Maria Mathias (A-13)investigated the relationship between ages (AGE) of boys and improvement in measures of hyperactivity, attitude, and social behavior. In the study, subjects were randomly assigned to two different
The data shown in the following table were collected as part of a study in which the subjects were preterm infants with low birth weights born in three different hospitals. Use dummy variable coding and multiple regression techniques to analyze these data. May we conclude that the three sample
A simple random sample of normal subjects between the ages of 6 and 18 yielded the data on total body potassium (mEq) and total body water (liters) shown in the following table. Let total potassium be the dependent variable and use dummy variable coding to quantify the qualitative variable. Analyze
In the following table are the cardiac output (L/min) and oxygen consumption (VO ) values for a sample of adults (A) and children (C), who participated in a study designed to investigate the relationship among these variables. Measurements were taken both at rest and during exercise. Treat cardiac
In Example 10.3.1, we saw that the purpose of a study by Jansen and Keller (A-12) was to predict the capacity to direct attention (CDA) in elderly subjects. The study collected information on 71 community-dwelling older women with normal mental status. Higher CDA scores indicate better attentional
Find a published article in the health sciences field in which each of the following techniques is employed:(a) Dummy variable coding(b) Stepwise regression(c) Logistic regression Write a report on the article in which you identify the variables involved, the reason for the choice of the technique,
Give an example in your field in which logistic regression analysis would be appropriate when the independent variable is continuous.
Give an example in your field in which logistic regression analysis would be appropriate when the independent variable is dichotomous.
What is an odds ratio?
Define the word odds.
Write out and explain the components of the logistic regression model.
When is logistic regression used?
Explain the basic concept involved in stepwise regression.
What is stepwise regression?
Why is a knowledge of variable selection techniques important to the health sciences researcher?
Explain and illustrate the technique of dummy variable coding.
What is a dummy variable?
What is a qualitative variable?
Refer to the data on 500 patients who have sought treatment for the relief of respiratory disease symptoms (RESPDIS). A medical research team is conducting a study to determine what factors may be related to respiratory disease. The dependent variable Y is a measure of the severity of the disease.A
Refer to the data on cardiovascular risk factors (RISKFACT). The subjects are 1000 males engaged in sedentary occupations. You wish to study the relationships among risk factors in this population. The variables are Select a simple random sample from this population and carry out an appropriate
With data obtained from a national database on childbirth, Matulavich et al. (A-16) examined the number of courses of prescribed steroids a mother took during pregnancy (STEROIDS). The size of the baby was measured by length (cm), weight (grams), and head circumference (cm). Calculate the
Winters et al. (A-15) conducted a study involving 248 high-school students enrolled in introductory physical education courses. The researchers wanted to know if social cognitive theory constructs were correlated with discretionary, “leisure-time” physical exercise. The main outcome variable is
Johnson et al. (A-14) note that the ability to identify the source of remembered information is a fundamental cognitive function. They conducted an experiment to explore the relative contribution of perceptual cues and cognitive operations information to age-related deficits in discriminating
The purpose of a study by O’Brien et al. (A-13) was to assess hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal(HPA) axis function (known to be altered in depression) in patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD)by means of the adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) test, which assesses adrenal function by measuring
Pellegrino et al. (A-12) hypothesized that maximal bronchoconstriction can be predicted from the bronchomotor effect of deep inhalation and the degree of airway sensitivity to methacholine(MCh). One group of participants consisted of 26 healthy or mildly asthmatic subjects (22 males, 4 females) who
Di Monaco et al. (A-11) used multiple regression to predict bone mineral density of the femoral neck (among other locations). Among 124 Caucasian, healthy postmenopausal women, they found that weight age and total lymphocyte count were each useful in predicting bone mineral density. In addition,
Maximal static inspiratory mouth pressure is a simple measurement of respiratory muscle strength. A study by Tomalak et al. (A-10) examined correlations among the variables with(measured sitting), forced expiratory volume (FEV), peak expiratory flow (PEF), and maximal inspiratory flow (PIF) in 144
Van Schuylenbergh et al. (A-9) used physiological and anthropometric measurements as independent variables to predict triathlon performance (expressed in minutes). Ten triathletes underwent extensive physiological testing in swimming, cycling, and running. Within 2 weeks after the last laboratory
Correlation was one of many procedures discussed in a study reported by Stenvinkel et al. (A-8).In a cohort of 204 subjects with end-stage renal disease, they found no significant correlations between log plasma adiponectin levels and age and no significant correlation between log plasma
Hashimoto et al. (A-7) developed a multiple regression model to predict the number of visits to emergency rooms at Jikei University hospitals in Tokyo for children having an asthma attack. The researchers found that the number of visits per night increased significantly when climate conditions
As part of a study to investigate the relationship between stress and certain other variables, the following data were collected on a simple random sample of 15 corporate executives.(a) Find the least-squares regression equation for these data.(b) Construct the analysis of variance table and test
A medical research team obtained the index of adiposity, basal insulin, and basal glucose values on 21 normal subjects. The results are shown in the following table. The researchers wished to investigate the strength of the association among these variables.Index of Basal Insulin Basal Glucose
A study was conducted to examine those variables thought to be related to the job satisfaction of nonprofessional hospital employees. A random sample of 15 employees gave the following results:Coded Index of Score on Job Intelligence Personal Satisfaction Score Adjustment Test (Y) (X1) (X2)54 15 8
In a study of the relationship between creatinine excretion, height, and weight, the data shown in the following table were collected on 20 infant males:Creatinine Excretion(mg/day) Weight (kg) Height (cm)Infant Y X1 X2 1 100 9 72 2 115 10 76 3 52 6 59 4 85 8 68 5 135 10 60 6 58 5 58 7 90 8 70 8 60
The following table shows the weight and total cholesterol and triglyceride levels in 15 patients with primary type II hyperlipoproteinemia just prior to initiation of treatment:X1 X2 Total Cholesterol Triglyceride Y Weight (kg) (mg/100 ml) (mg/100 ml)76 302 139 97 336 101 83 220 57 52 300 56 70
We learned in Example 9.7.1 that the purpose of a study by Kwast-Rabben et al. (A-6) was to analyze somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs) and their interrelations following stimulation of digits I, III, and V in the hand. Healthy volunteers were recruited for the study. Researchers applied
Describe a situation in your particular area of interest where multiple correlation analysis would be useful. Use real or realistic data and do a complete correlation analysis.In Exercises 6 through 11 carry out the indicated analysis and test hypotheses at the indicated significance levels.
Describe a situation in your particular area of interest where multiple regression analysis would be useful. Use real or realistic data and do a complete regression analysis.
Explain fully the following terms:(a) Coefficient of multiple determination (b) Multiple correlation coefficient(c) Simple correlation coefficient (d) Partial correlation coefficient
What are the assumptions underlying the correlation model when inference is an objective?
What are the assumptions underlying multiple regression analysis when one wishes to infer about the population from which the sample data have been drawn?
Refer to the data for 1200 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (CALCIUM). One hundred patients received the medicine at each dose level. Suppose you are a medical researchers wishing to gain insight into the nature of the relationship between dose level of prednisolone and total body calcium.Select
Refer to the data for 1050 subjects with essential hypertension (HYPERTEN). Suppose you are a statistical consultant to a medical research team interested in essential hypertension. Select a simple random sample from the population and perform the analyses that you think would be useful to the
Refer to the data for 1050 subjects with cerebral edema (CEREBRAL). Cerebral edema with consequent increased intracranial pressure frequently accompanies lesions resulting from head injury and other conditions that adversely affect the integrity of the brain. Available treatments for cerebral edema
Yasu et al. (A-35) used noninvasive magnetic resonance spectroscopy to determine the short- and long-term effects of percutaneous transvenous mitral commissurotomy (PTMC) on exercise capacity and metabolic responses of skeletal muscles during exercise. Data were collected on 11 patients (2 males, 9
Fleroxacin, a fluoroquinolone derivative with a broad antibacterial spectrum and potent activity in vitro against gram-negative and many gram-positive bacteria, was the subject of a study by Reigner and Welker (A-34). The objectives of their study were to estimate the typical values of clearance
Czader et al. (A-33) investigated certain prognostic factors in patients with centroblasticcentrocytic non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas (CB/CC NHL). Subjects consisted of men and women between the ages of 20 and 84 years at time of diagnosis. Among the data collected were the following measurements on two
The purpose of a study by Chati et al. (A-32) was to ascertain the role of physical deconditioning in skeletal muscle metabolic abnormalities in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF). Subjects included ambulatory CHF patients (12 males, two females) ages 35 to 74 years. Among the data collected
Sloan et al. (A-31) note that cardiac sympathetic activation and parasympathetic withdrawal result in heart rate increases during psychological stress. As indicators of cardiac adrenergic activity, plasma epinephrine (E) and norepinephrine (NE) generally increase in response to psychological
The objective of a study by Peacock et al. (A-30) was to investigate whether spinal osteoarthritis is responsible for the fact that lumbar spine bone mineral density (BMD) is greater when measured in the anteroposterior plane than when measured in the lateral plane. Lateral spine radiographs were
Marks et al. (A-29) conducted a study to determine the effects of rapid weight loss on contraction of the gallbladder and to evaluate the effects of ursodiol and ibuprofen on saturation, nucleation and growth, and contraction. Subjects were obese patients randomly assigned to receive ursodiol,
The purpose of a study by Halligan et al. (A-28) was to evaluate diurnal variation in blood pressure(BP) in women who were normotensive and those with pre-eclampsia. The subjects were similar in age, weight, and mean duration of gestation (35 weeks). The researchers collected the following BP
Garland et al. (A-27) conducted a series of experiments to delineate the complex maternal-fetal pharmacokinetics and the effects of zidovudine (AZT) in the chronically instrumented maternal and fetal baboon (Papio species) during both steady-state intravenous infusion and oral bolus dosage
The objective of a study by Witteman et al. (A-26) was to investigate skin reactivity with purified major allergens and to assess the relation with serum levels of immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies and to determine which additional factors contribute to the skin test result. Subjects consisted of
Gelb et al. (A-25) conducted a study in which they explored the relationship between moderate to severe expiratory airflow limitation and the presence and extent of morphologic and CT scored emphysema in consecutively seen outpatients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Among the data
In a study reported on in Archives of Disease in Childhood, Golden et al. (A-24) tested the hypothesis that plasma calprotectin (PCal) (a neutrophil cytosolic protein released during neutrophil activation or death) concentration is an early and sensitive indicator of inflammation associated with
Kato et al. (A-23) measured the plasma concentration of adrenomedullin (AM) in patients with chronic congestive heart failure due to various cardiac diseases. AM is a hypotensive peptide, which, on the basis of other studies, the authors say, has an implied role as a circulating hormone in
Bean et al. (A-22) conducted a study to assess the performance of the isoelectric focusing/immunoblotting/laser densitometry (IEF/IB/LD) procedure to evaluate carbohydrate-deficient transferrin (CDT) derived from dry blood spots. The investigators evaluated paired serum (S)and dry blood spot (DBS)
One of the reasons for a study by Usaj and Starc (A-21) was an interest in the behavior of pH kinetics during conditions of long-term endurance and short-term endurance among healthy runners.The nine subjects participating in the study were marathon runners aged years. The authors report that they
Tsau et al. (A-20) studied urinary epidermal growth factor (EGF) excretion in normal children and those with acute renal failure (ARF). Random urine samples followed by 24-hour urine collection were obtained from 25 children. Subjects ranged in age from 1 month to 15 years. Urinary EGF excretion
Research by Huhtaniemi et al. (A-19) focused on the quality of serum luteinizing hormone (LH)during pubertal maturation in boys. Subjects, consisting of healthy boys entering puberty (ages 11 years 5 months to 12 years), were studied over a period of 18 months. The following are the

Showing 3200 - 3300 of 5191

First
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
Last

Step by Step Answers

Services

Sitemap
Fun
Definitions
Become Tutor
Used Textbooks
Study Help Categories
Recent Questions
Expert Questions
Campus Wear
Sell Your Books

Company Info

Security
Copyrights
Privacy Policy
Terms & Conditions
SolutionInn Fee
Scholarship
Online Quiz
Give Feedback, Get Rewards

Get In Touch

About Us
Contact Us
Career
Jobs
FAQ
Student Discount
Campus Ambassador

Secure Payment

Download Our App

© 2026 SolutionInn. All Rights Reserved