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Statistics Plus New Mylab Statistics With Pearson Etext Access Card Package 13th Edition James Mcclave ,Terry Sincich - Solutions

Pleasant scents improve memory during sleep, continued. (a) Outline a better design than that of Exercise 5.7 for an experiment to compare the two treatments (scent or no scent) that students received while sleeping. What do you suggest as a response variable? (When you outline the design of an
Neighborhood’s effect on grades. To study the effect of neighborhood on academic performance, one thousand families were given federal housing vouchers to move out of their low-income neighborhoods. No improvement in the academic performance of the children in the families was found one year
Pleasant scents improve memory during sleep. A group of researchers at two universities plan to study whether delivering a pleasant scent during sleep affects memory. A group of 10 students at each university is selected to take part in the study. The students will play a version of the game
Aspirin and heart attacks. Can aspirin help prevent heart attacks?The Physicians’ Health Study, a large medical experiment involving 22,000 male physicians, attempted to answer this question. One group of about 11,000 Chapter 5 Exercises 95 physicians took an aspirin every second day, while the
Is obesity contagious? A study closely followed a large social network of 12,067 people for 32 years, from 1971 until 2003. The researchers found that when a person gains weight, close friends tend to gain weight, too. The researchers reported that obesity can spread from person to person, much
Weight-loss surgery and longer life. An article in the Washington Post reported that, according to two large studies, obese people are significantly less likely to die prematurely if they undergo stomach surgery to lose weight. But people choose whether to have stomach surgery. Explain why this
Decline in math SAT scores. A New York Times article reported that average math SAT scores for the high school class of 2007 dropped 3 points compared with scores in 2006. Officials of the College Board, the nonprofit organization that administers the SAT, suggested that increased numbers of
Treating breast cancer. What is the preferred treatment for breast cancer that is detected in its early stages? The most common treatment was once removal of the breast. It is now usual to remove only the tumor and nearby lymph nodes, followed by radiation. To study whether these treatments differ
Exercise and heart attacks. Does regular exercise reduce the risk of a heart attack?To answer this question a researcher finds 4000 men over 40 who have not had heart attacks and are willing to participate in a study. She assigns 2000 of the men to a regular program of supervised exercise. The
Abundance of bird species. Multiple-regression analysis was used to model the abundance y of an individual bird species in transects in the United Kingdom (Journal of Applied Ecology, Vol. 32, 1995). Three of the independent variables used in the model, all field boundary attributes, are 1.
Characteristics of sea-ice melt ponds. Surface albedo is defined as the ratio of solar energy directed upward from a surface over energy incident upon the surface. Surface albedo is a critical climatological parameter of sea ice. The National Snow and Ice Data Center (NSIDC) collects data on the
Sale prices of apartments. A Minneapolis, Minnesota, real-estate appraiser used regression analysis to explore the relationship between the sale prices of apartment buildings sold in Minneapolis and various character istics of the properties. Twenty-five apartment buildings were randomly sampled
Revenues of popular movies. The Internet Movie Database(www.imdb.com) monitors the gross revenues of all major motion pictures. The table on p. 791 gives both the domestic (United States and Canada) and international gross revenues for a sample of 22 popular movies.a. Write a first-order model for
“Sun safety” study. Excessive exposure to solar radiation is known to increase the risk of developing skin cancer, yet many people do not practice “sun safety.” A group of University of Arizona researchers examined the feasibility of educating preschool (four- to five-year-old)children
Comparing mosquito repellents. Which insect repellents protect best against mosquitoes? Periodically, consumer groups conduct tests to compare insect repellents(e.g., Consumer Reports, June 2000). Consider a similar study of 14 popular mosquito repellents. Each product was classified as either an
Women in top management. The Journal of Organizational Culture, Communications and Conflict(July 2007) published a study on women in upper management positions at U.S. firms. Monthly data (n = 252 months) were collected for several variables in an attempt to model the number of females in
Improving SAT scores. Refer to the Chance (Winter 2001) study of students who paid a private tutor (or coach) to help them improve their SAT scores, presented in Exercise 2.197 (p. 136). Multiple regression was used to estimate the effect of coaching on SAT-Mathematics scores. Data on 3,492
Violent behavior in children. Refer to the Development Psychology (Mar. 2003) study of the behavior of elementary school children, presented in Exercise 8.149 (p. 454).The researchers used a quadratic equation to model the level (y) of aggressive fantasies experienced by a child as a function of
Defects in nuclear missile housing parts. The technique of multivariable testing was discussed in The Journal of the Reliability Analysis Center (First Quarter, 2004).Multivariable testing was shown to improve the quality of carbon-foam rings used in nuclear missile housings.The rings are produced
Listen-and-look study. Where do you look when you are listening to someone speak? Researchers have discovered that listeners tend to gaze at the eyes or mouth of the speaker. In a study published in Perception &Psychophysics (Aug. 1998), subjects watched a videotape of a speaker giving a series of
Students’ ability in science. An article published in the American Educational Research Journal (Fall 1998) used multiple regression to model the students’ perceptions of their ability in science classes. The sample consisted of 165 Grade 5–8 students. The dependent variable of interest, the
Suppose you have developed a regression model to explain the relationship between y and x1, x2, and x3. The ranges of the variables you observed were as follows: 50 … y … 100, 10 … x1 … 75, .25 … x2 … .75, and 2,000 … x3 … 2,500. Will the error of prediction be smaller when you use
a. Write a first-order model relating E(y) to two quantitative independent variables x1 and x2.b. Write a complete second-order model.
It is desired to relate E(y) to a quantitative variable x1 and a qualitative variable at three levels.a. Write a first-order model.b. Write a model that will graph as three different second-order curves, one for each level of the qualitative variable.
Explain why stepwise regression is used. What is its value in the model-building process?
Write a model relating E(y) to one qualitative independent variable that is at four levels. Define all the terms in your model.
Bubble behavior in subcooled flow boiling. Refer to the Heat Transfer Engineering (Vol. 34, 2013) study of bubble behavior in subcooled flow boiling, Exercise 12.59(p. 716). You fit an interaction model for bubble density(y) as a function of x1 = mass flux and x2 = heat flux.Conduct a complete
Emotional intelligence and team performance. Refer to the Engineering Project Organizational Journal (Vol. 3, 2013)study of the relationship between emotional intelligence of individual team members and their performance during an engineering project, Exercise 12.39(p. 708). Using data on n = 23
Cooling method for gas turbines. Refer to the Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power (Jan. 2005) study of a high-pressure inlet fogging method for a gas turbine engine, presented in Exercise 12.27(p. 701). Now consider the interaction model E1y2 = b0 + b1 x1 + b2 x2 + b3 x1 x2 for heat
Reality TV and cosmetic surgery. Refer to the Body Image: An International Journal of Research (Mar.2010) study of the influence of reality TV shows on one’s desire to undergo cosmetic surgery, Exercise 12.25(p. 700). In Exercise 12.25, you fit the first-order model, E1y2 = b0 + b1x1 + b2x2 +
A rubber additive made from cashew nut shells. Refer to the Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research(May 2013) study of the use of cardanol as an additive for natural rubber, Exercise 12.24(p. 700). You analyzed a first-order model for y = grafting efficiency as a function of x1 = initiator
Arsenic in groundwater. Refer to the Environmental Science& Technology (Jan. 2005) study of the reliability of a commercial kit to test for arsenic in groundwater, Exercise 12.23(p. 700). Recall that you fit a first-order model for arsenic level (y) as a function of latitude (x1), longitude (x2),
Accuracy of software effort estimates. Refer to the Journal of Empirical Software Engineering (Vol. 9, 2004)study of the accuracy of new software effort estimates, Exercise 12.140(p. 758). Recall that stepwise regression was used to develop a model for the relative error in estimating effort (y) as
Yield strength of steel alloy. Refer to Exercise 12.142(p. 759) and the Modelling and Simulation in Materials Science and Engineering (Vol. 13, 2005) study in which engineers built a regression model for the tensile yield strength (y) of a new steel alloy. The engineers discovered that the
Dating and disclosure. Refer to the Journal of Adolescence (Apr. 2010) study of adolescents’ disclosure of their dating and romantic relationships, Exercise 12.16(p. 698). Recall that multiple regression was used to model y = level of an adolescent’s disclosure of a date’s identity to his/her
Define extrapolation.
Give three indicators of a multicollinearity problem.
Define multicollinearity in regression.
True or False. Regression models fit to time-series data typically result in uncorrelated errors.
Give two properties of the regression residuals from a model.
Define an outlier.
Define a regression residual.
Bus rapid-transit study. The Center for Urban Transportation Research (CUTR) at the University of South Florida conducted a survey of Bus rapid transit(BRT) customers in Miami (Transportation Research Board Annual Meeting, Jan. 2003). Data on the following variables (all measured on a five-point
Study of sex offenders. A study of sex offenders in the Canadian Federal Prison System was published in the British Journal of Criminology (May 2014). The following data were collected for each of 59 male sex offenders: race, type of crime (violent or nonviolent), age at first conviction, and total
Distribution of yellowhammer birds. An article in the Journal of Animal Ecology (July 2006) discussed some of the caveats of using stepwise regression. An example presented used stepwise regression to find the best predictors of the number of yellowhammers inhabiting lowland farms in the United
Give two caveats associated with using the stepwise regression results as the final model for predicting y.
Explain the difference between a stepwise model and a standard regression model.
Agreeableness, gender, and wages. Refer to the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology (Feb. 2012) study of on-the-job agreeableness and wages, Exercise 12.112(p. 742). The researchers modeled mean income, E(y), as a function of both agreeableness score (x1) and a dummy variable for gender (x2
Whales entangled in fishing gear. Refer to the Marine Mammal Science (Apr. 2010) study of whales entangled in fishing gear, Exercise 12.109(p. 741). A first-order model for the length (y) of an entangled whale that is a function of water depth of the entanglement (x1) and gear type (set nets, pots,
Glass as a waste encapsulant. The encapsulation of waste in glass is considered to be a promising solution to the problem of low-level nuclear waste. A study was undertaken jointly by the Department of Materials Science and Engineering at the University of Florida and the U.S. Department of Energy
Personality traits and job performance. Refer to the Journal of Applied Psychology (Jan. 2011) study of the relationship between task performance and conscientiousness, Exercise 12.111(p. 742). Recall that y = task performance score (measured on a 30-point scale) was modeled as a function of x1 =
Reality TV and cosmetic surgery. Refer to the Body Image:An International Journal of Research (Mar. 2010) study of the influence of reality TV shows on one’s desire to undergo cosmetic surgery, Exercise 12.25(p. 700). Recall that psychologists modeled desire to have cosmetic surgery (y) as a
Workplace bullying and intention to leave. Refer to the Human Resource Management Journal (Oct. 2008) study of workplace bullying, Exercise 12.113(p. 743). Recall that multiple regression was used to model an employee’s intention to leave (y) as a function of bullying (x1, measured on a
Mental health of a community. An article in the Community Mental Health Journal (Aug. 2000) used multiple-regression analysis to model the level of community adjustment of clients of the Department of Mental Health and Addiction Services in Connecticut.The dependent variable, community adjustment
Shared leadership in airplane crews. Refer to the Human Factors (Mar. 2014) study of shared leadership by the cockpit and cabin crews of a commercial airplane, Exercise 9.13 (p. 476). Recall that simulated flights were taken by 84 six-person crews, where each crew consisted of a two-person cockpit
Willingness to donate organs. How willing are you to donate your organs upon death? This was the question of interest in research published in Death Studies (Vol. 38, 2014). A sample of n = 307 Australians participated in the study. Willingness to donate organs upon death was measured for each
The complete model y = b0 + b1 x1 + b2 x2 + b3 x3 + b4 x4 + e was fit to n = 22 data points, with SSE = 146.99. The reduced model y = b0 + b1 x1 + b2 x2 + e was also fit, with SSE = 165.37.a. How many b parameters are in the complete model?The reduced model?b. Specify the null and alternative
Suppose you fit the regression model y = b0 + b1 x1 + b2 x2 + b3 x1 x2 + b4 x21+ b5 x22+ e to n = 30 data points and you wish to test H0: b3 = b4 = b5 = 0a. State the alternative hypothesis Ha.b. Give the reduced model appropriate for conducting the test.c. What are the numerator and denominator
What is a parsimonious model?
Explain why the F-test used to compare complete and reduced models is a one-tailed, upper-tailed test.
Determine which pairs of models that follow are nested models. For each pair of nested models, identify the complete and reduced model.a. E1y2 = b0 + b1 x1 + b2 x2b. E1y2 = b0 + b1 x1c. E1y2 = b0 + b1 x1 + b2 x21d. E1y2 = b0 + b1 x1 + b2 x2 + b3 x1 x2e. E1y2 = b0 + b1 x1 + b2 x2 + b3 x1 x2 + b4
Iron supplement for anemia. Many women suffer from anemia. A female physician who is also an avid jogger wanted to know if women who exercise regularly have a different mean red blood cell count than women who do not. She also wanted to know if the amount of a particular iron supplement a woman
Chemical composition of rainwater. Refer to the Journal of Agricultural, Biological, and Environmental Statistics(Mar. 2005) study of the chemical composition of rainwater, presented in Exercise 12.90(p. 732). Recall that the nitrate concentration y (milligrams per liter) in a sample of rainwater
Workplace bullying and intention to leave. Workplace bullying is defined as harassment, persistent criticism, withholding of key information, spreading of rumors, or intimidation on the job. In Human Resource Management Journal (Oct. 2008), researchers employed multiple regression to examine
Personality traits and job performance. Refer to the Journal of Applied Psychology (Jan. 2011) study of the relationship between task performance and conscientiousness, Exercise 12.67(p. 722). Recall that the researchers used a quadratic model to relate y = task performance score(measured on a
Winning marathon times. Refer to the Chance (Winter 2000) study of men’s and women’s winning times in the Boston Marathon, presented in Exercise 11.146(p. 675).Suppose the researchers want to build a model for predicting winning time (y) of the marathon as a function of year 1x12 in which race
Whales entangled in fishing gear. Refer to the Marine Mammal Science (Apr. 2010) study of whales entangled in fishing gear, Exercise 12.87, (p. 731). Now consider a model for the length (y) of an entangled whale (in meters) that is a function of water depth of the entanglement (in meters)and gear
Do blondes raise more funds? Refer to the Economic Letters (Vol. 100, 2008) study of whether the color of a female solicitor’s hair affects the level of capital raised, Exercise 12.88(p. 731). Recall that 955 households were contacted by a female solicitor to raise funds for hazard mitigation
Write a model that relates E(y) to two independent variables, one quantitative and one qualitative (at four levels). Construct a model that allows the associated response curves to be second order but does not allow for interaction between the two independent variables.
Refer to Exercise 12.100.a. Write a complete second-order model that relates E(y) to the quantitative variable.b. Add the main-effect terms for the qualitative variable(at three levels) to the model of part a.c. Add terms to the model of part b to allow for interaction between the quantitative and
Consider a multiple-regression model for a response y with one quantitative independent variable x1 and one qualitative variable at three levels.a. Write a first-order model that relates the mean response E(y) to the quantitative independent variable.b. Add the main-effect terms for the qualitative
Community responses to a violent crime. How communities respond to a disaster or a violent crime was the subject of research published in the American Journal of Community Psychology (Vol. 44, 2009). Psychologists at the University of California tracked monthly violent crime incidents in two Texas
Extinct New Zealand birds. Refer to the Evolutionary Ecology Research (July 2003) study of the patterns of extinction in the New Zealand bird population, presented in Exercise 2.24 (p. 70). Recall that the NZBIRDS file contains qualitative data on flight capability (volant or flightless),
Homework assistance for college students. Do college professors who provide their students with assistance on homework help improve student grades? This was the research question of interest in the Journal of Accounting Education (Vol. 25, 2007). A sample of 175 accounting students took a pretest
Expert testimony in homicide trials of battered women.An article published in the Duke Journal of Gender Law &Policy (Summer 2003) examined the impact of expert testimony on the outcome of homicide trials that involve battered woman syndrome. On the basis of data collected on individual juror votes
Study of recall of TV commercials. Refer to the Journal of Applied Psychology (June 2002) study of recall of television commercials, presented in Exercise 10.37(p. 553).Participants were assigned to watch one of three types of TV programs, with nine commercials embedded in each show.Group V watched
Major depression and personality disorders. A team of physicians, psychiatrists, and psychologists investigated whether depressed patients exhibit more or fewer personality disorder symptoms than nondepressed patients in the American Journal of Psychiatry (May 2010). A study group of over 400
Ascorbic acid reduces goat stress. Refer to the Animal Science Journal (May 2014) study on the use of ascorbic acid (AA) to reduce the stress in goats during transportation, Exercise 10.7(p. 537). Recall that 24 healthy goats were randomly divided into four groups (A, B, C, and D)of six animals
Detecting quantitative traits in genes. In gene therapy, it is important to know the location of a gene for a disease on the genome (genetic map). Although many genes yield a specific trait (e.g., disease or not), others cannot be categorized, since they are quantitative in nature (e.g., extent of
Chemical composition of rainwater. Researchers at the University of Aberdeen (Scotland) developed a statistical model for estimating the chemical composition of water(Journal of Agricultural, Biological, and Environmental Statistics, Mar. 2005). For one application, the nitrate concentration y
Impact of race on football card values. University of Colorado sociologists investigated the impact of race on the value of professional football players’ “rookie” cards(Electronic Journal of Sociology, 2007). The sample consisted of 148 rookie cards of National Football League(NFL) players
Do blondes raise more funds? During fundraising, does the physical appearance of the solicitor affect the level of capital raised? An economist at the University of Nevada–Reno designed an experiment to answer this question and published the results in Economic Letters (Vol. 100, 2008).Each in a
Whales entangled in fishing gear. Refer to the Marine Mammal Science (Apr. 2010) study of whales entangled in fishing gear, Exercise 12.17(p. 698). These entanglements involved one of three types of fishing gear: set nets, pots, and gill nets. Consequently, the researchers used gear type as a
Production technologies, terroir, and quality of Bordeaux wine. The production of quality wine is strongly influenced by the natural endowments of the grape-growing region—called the “terroir.” The Economic Journal (May 2008)published an empirical study of the factors that yield a quality
Modeling number of children. As part of a study on how children affect parents’ depression in old age, researchers fit a model for total number of children in a family (Social Science & Medicine, Jan. 2014). One of the key independent variables used in the model is whether the first birth was a
Estimating change-point dosage. A standard method for studying toxic substances and their effects on humans is to observe the responses of rodents exposed to various doses of the substance over time. In the Journal of Agricultural, Biological, and Environmental Statistics (June 2005), researchers
Estimation of urban population by means of satellite images.Refer to the Geographical Analysis (Jan. 2007) study that demonstrated the use of satellite image maps for estimating urban population, presented in Exercise 12.18(p. 698). A first-order model for census block population density (y) was
Goal congruence in top management teams. Do chief executive officers (CEOs) and their top managers always agree on the goals of the company? Goal importance congruence between CEOs and vice presidents (VPs) was studied in the Academy of Management Journal (Feb. 2008). The researchers used
Going for it on fourth down in the NFL. Refer to the Chance(Winter 2009) study of fourth-down decisions by coaches in the National Football League (NFL), Exercise 11.87(p. 652). Recall that statisticians at California State University, Northridge, fit a straight-line model for predicting the number
Personality traits and job performance. When attempting to predict job performance using personality traits, researchers typically assume that the relationship is linear. A study published in the Journal of Applied Psychology (Jan. 2011)investigated a curvilinear relationship between job task
Write a second-order model relating the mean of y, E(y), toa. one quantitative independent variableb. two quantitative independent variablesc. three quantitative independent variables [Hint: Include all possible two-way cross-product terms and squared terms.]
In the model E1y2 = b0 + b1 x + b2 x2,a. Which b represents the y-intercept?b. Which b represents the shift?c. Which b represents the rate of curvature?
Bubble behavior in subcooled flow boiling. Refer to the Heat Transfer Engineering (Vol. 34, 2013)study of bubble behavior in subcooled flow boiling, Exercise 12.28(p. 701). Recall that bubble density (liters per meters squared) was modeled as a function of mass flux (kilograms per meters squared
Cooling method for gas turbines. Refer to the Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power (Jan. 2005) study of a high-pressure inlet fogging method for a gas turbine engine, presented in Exercise 12.27(p. 701). Recall that you fit a first-order model for heat rate (y) as a function of speed
Unconscious self-esteem study. Psychologists define implicit self-esteem as unconscious evaluations of one’s worth or value. In contrast, explicit self-esteem refers to the extent to which a person consciously considers oneself as valuable and worthy. An article published in Journal of Articles
Factors that affect an auditor’s judgment. A study was conducted to determine the effects of linguistic delivery style and client credibility on auditors’ judgments(Advances in Accounting and Behavioral Research, 2003).Each of 200 auditors performed an analytical review of a client’s
Reality TV and cosmetic surgery. Refer to the Body Image:An International Journal of Research (March 2010) study of the influence of reality TV shows on one’s desire to undergo cosmetic surgery, Exercise 12.25(p. 700). Recall that psychologists modeled desire to have cosmetic surgery (y)as a
Forecasting movie revenues with Twitter. Refer to the IEEE International Conference on Web Intelligence and Intelligent Agent Technology (2010) study on using the volume of chatter on Twitter.com to forecast movie box office revenue, Exercise 12.20(p. 699). The researchers modeled a movie’s
Psychology of waiting in line. While waiting in a long line for service (e.g., to use an ATM or at the post office), at some point you may decide to leave the line. The Journal of Consumer Research (Nov. 2003) published a study of consumer behavior while waiting in a line. College students(sample
Whales entangled in fishing gear. Refer to the Marine Mammal Science (Apr. 2010) study of whales entangled in fishing gear, Exercise 12.17(p. 698). Recall that the length(y) of an entangled whale (in meters) was modeled as a function of water depth of the entanglement (x1, in meters)and distance of

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