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Discovering Statistics Using IBM SPSS Statistics 4th Edition Andy Field - Solutions
Task 2: Compute the effect sizes for the previous task. ②
Task 1: To test how different teaching methods affected students’ knowledge I took three statistics courses where I taught the same material. For one course I wandered around with a large cane and beat anyone who asked daft questions or got questions wrong (punish). In the second I encouraged
Task 9: Tablets like the iPad are very popular. A company owner was interested in how to make his brand of tablets more desirable. He collected data on how cool people perceived a product’s advertising to be (Advert_Cool), how cool they thought the product was (Product_Cool), and how desirable
Task 8: Using the GlastonburyDummy.sav data, which you should’ve already analysed, comment on whether you think the model is reliable and generalizable. ③
Task 7: Repeat the analysis above but include animal liking in the first block, and type of animal in the second block. Do your conclusions about the relationship between type of animal and life satisfaction change? ②
Task 6: In Chapter 3 (Task 5) we looked at data from people who had been forced to marry goats and dogs and measured their life satisfaction as well as how much they like animals (Goat or Dog.sav). Run a regression predicting life satisfaction from the type of animal to which a person was married.
Task 5: Repeat the above analysis but using the PROCESS tool to estimate the indirect effect and its confidence interval. ②
Task 4: In the chapter we tested a mediation model of infidelity for Lambert et al.’s data using Baron and Kenny’s regressions. Repeat this analysis, but using Hook_Ups as the measure of infidelity. ②
Task 3: McNulty et al. (2008) also found a relationship between a person’s Attractiveness and their relationship Satisfaction as newlyweds. Using the same data as the previous examples, is this relationship moderated by gender? ②
Task 2: Produce the simple slopes graphs for the above example. ②
Task 1: McNulty et al. (2008) found a relationship between a person’s Attractiveness and how much Support they give their partner as newlyweds. Is this relationship moderated by gender (i.e., whether the data were from the husband or wife)? The data are in McNulty et al. (2008).sav.14 ②
Task 10: Thinking back to Labcoat Leni’s Real Research 3.1, test whether the number of offers was significantly different in people listening to Bon Scott compared to those listening to Brian Johnson, using an independent t-test and bootstrapping. Do your results differ from Oxoby (2008)?(The
Task 9: Analyse the data in Chapter 6, Task 2 (whether the type of music you hear influences goat sacrificing – DarkLord.sav) using an matched-samples t-test with bootstrapping. Do you reach the same conclusions? ②
Task 8: Analyse the data in Chapter 6, Task 1 (whether men and dogs differ in their dog-like behaviours – MenLikeDogs.sav) using an independent t-test with bootstrapping. Do you reach the same conclusions? ②
Task 7: In Chapter 5 we looked at hygiene scores over three days of a rock music festival(Download Festival.sav). Do a paired-samples t-test to see whether hygiene scores on day 1 differed from those on day 3. ①
Task 6: What do you notice about the t-value and significance above compared to when you ran the analysis as a regression in Chapter 8, Task 2? ①
Task 5: In Chapter 3 (Task 5) we looked at data from people who had been forced to marry goats and dogs and measured their life satisfaction as well as how much they like animals (Goat or Dog.sav). Conduct a t-test to see whether life satisfaction depends upon the type of animal to which a person
Task 4: Imagine Twaddle and Sons, the publishers of Women are from Bras and men are from Penis, were upset about my claims that their book was as useful as a paper umbrella. They designed their own experiment in which participants read their book and one of my books (Field &Hole, 2003) at different
Task 3: One of my pet hates is ‘pop psychology’ books. They usually spout nonsense that is unsubstantiated by science and give psychology a very bad name. As part of my plan to rid the world of popular psychology I did a little experiment. I took two groups of people who were in relationships
Task 2: Plot an error bar graph of the above data (remember to make the necessary adjustments for the fact that the data are from a repeated-measures design.) ②
Task 1: Is arachnophobia (fear of spiders) specific to real spiders or will pictures of spiders evoke similar levels of anxiety? Twelve arachnophobes were asked to play with a big hairy tarantula spider with big fangs and an evil look in its eight eyes, and at a different point in time were shown
Task 7: Coldwell, Pike, and Dunn (2006) investigated whether household chaos predicted children’s problem behaviour over and above parenting. From 118 families they recorded the age and gender of the youngest child (Child_age and Child_ gender). They then interviewed the child about their
Task 6: Repeat the analysis in Labcoat Leni’s Real Research 8.1 using bootstrapping for the confidence intervals. What are the confidence intervals for the regression parameters? ①
Task 5: A study was carried out to explore the relationship between Aggression and several potential predicting factors in 666 children who had an older sibling. Variables measured were Parenting_Style (high score = bad parenting practices), Computer_ Games (high score = more time spent playing
Task 4: A fashion student was interested in factors that predicted the salaries of cat-walk models.She collected data from 231 models. For each model she asked them their salary per day on days when they were working (Salary), their age (Age), how many years they had worked as a model(Years), and
Task 3: In Jane Superbrain Box 2.1 we saw some data (HonestyLab.sav) relating to people’s ratings of dishonest acts and the likeableness of the perpetrator. Run a regression using bootstrapping to predict ratings of dishonesty from the likeableness of the perpetrator. ②
Task 2: Run a regression analysis for the pubs.sav data in Jane Superbrain Box 8.1 predicting mortality from the number of pubs. Try repeating the analysis but bootstrapping the confidence intervals. ②
Task 1: In Chapter 3 (Task 6) we looked at data based on findings that the number of cups of tea drunk was related to cognitive functioning (Feng et al., 2010). The data are in the file Tea Makes You Brainy 716.sav. Using the model that predicts cognitive functioning from tea drinking, what would
Task 12: What effect does accounting for the effect of gender have on the relationship between the time spent shopping and the distance covered?
Task 11: Using the data in Shopping Exercise.sav (Chapter 3, Task 4) is there a significant relationship between the time spent shopping and the distance covered? ①
Task 10: In Chapter 5 we looked at hygiene scores over three days of a rock music festival(Download Festival.sav). Using Spearman’s correlation, were hygiene scores on day 1 of the festival significantly correlated with those on day 3? ①
Task 9: The research in the previous example was replicated but in a larger sample (N = 716), which is the same as the sample size in Feng et al.’s research (Tea Makes You Brainy 716.sav).Conduct a correlation between tea drinking and cognitive functioning. Compare the correlation coefficient and
Task 8: In Chapter 3 (Task 6) we looked at data based on findings that the number of cups of tea drunk was related to cognitive functioning (Feng et al., 2010). The data are in the file Tea Makes You Brainy 15.sav. What is the correlation between tea drinking and cognitive functioning? Is there a
Task 7: Repeat the analysis above, taking account of animal-liking when computing the correlation between life satisfaction and the animal to which a person was married.②
Task 6: In Chapter 3 (Task 5) we looked at data from people who had been forced to marry goats and dogs and measured their life satisfaction and how much they like animals (Goat or Dog.sav).Is there a significant correlation between life satisfaction and the type of animal to which a person was
Task 5: In Figure 2.3 we saw some data relating to people’s ratings of dishonest acts and the likeableness of the perpetrator (for a full description see Jane Superbrain Box 2.1). Compute the Spearman correlation between ratings of dishonesty and likeableness of the perpetrator. The data are in
Task 4: As a statistics lecturer, I am always interested in the factors that determine whether a student will do well on a statistics course. Imagine I took 25 students and looked at their degree grades for my statistics course at the end of their first year at university: first, upper second,
Task 3: Using the same data, what is the relationship between the film watched and arousal? ①
Task 2: Using the ChickFlick.sav data from Chapter 3, find out if there is a relationship between gender and arousal. ①
Task 1: A student was interested in whether there was a positive relationship between the time spent doing an essay and the mark received. He got 45 of his friends and timed how long they spent writing an essay (hours) and the percentage they got in the essay (essay). He also translated these
Task 11: Use the DownloadFestival.sav data from Chapter 5 to test whether hygiene levels changed significantly over the three days of the festival. ①
Task 10: Use the SPSSExam.sav (Chapter 5, Task 2) data to test whether students at Sussex and Duncetown universities differed significantly in their SPSS exam scores, their numeracy, their computer literacy, and the number of lectures attended. ①
Task 9: Using the data in Goat or Dog.sav (Chapter 3, Task 5), test whether people married to goats and dogs differed significantly in their life satisfaction. ①
Task 8: Using the same data, test whether men and women walked significantly different distances while shopping. ①
Task 7: Using the data in Shopping Exercise.sav (Chapter 3, Task 4), test whether men and women spent significantly different amounts of time shopping. ①
Task 6: Repeat the analysis above but for the minimum acceptable offer (remember these data are in the file Oxoby (2008) MAO.sav). See Chapter 3, Task 3. ①
Task 5: Thinking back to Labcoat Leni’s Real Research 3.1, test whether the number of offers was significantly different in people listening to Bon Scott compared to those listening to Brian Johnson. Remember the data are in Oxoby (2008) Offers.sav. Compare your results to those reported by Oxoby
Task 4: A researcher was interested in trying to prevent coulrophobia (fear of clowns) in children.She decided to do an experiment in which different groups of children (15 in each) were exposed to different forms of positive information about clowns. The first group watched some adverts for
Task 3: A psychologist was interested in the effects of television programmes on domestic life. She hypothesized that through ‘learning by watching’, certain programmes might actually encourage people to behave like the characters within them. This in turn could affect the viewer’s own
Task 2: There’s been speculation over the years about the influence of subliminal messages on records. Both Ozzy Osbourne and Judas Priest have been accused of putting backward masked messages on their albums that subliminally influence poor unsuspecting teenagers into doing things like blowing
Task 1: A psychologist was interested in the cross-species differences between men and dogs. She observed a group of dogs and a group of men in a naturalistic setting (20 of each). She classified several behaviours as being dog-like (urinating against trees and lamp posts, attempts to copulate with
Task 10: Use the explore command to see what effect a natural log transformation would have on the four variables measured in SPSSExam.sav.
Task 9: Transform the numeracy scores (which are positively skewed) using one of the transformations described in this chapter. Do the data become normal? ②
Task 8: Conduct and interpret a Levene’s test for numeracy and exam. ①
Task 7: Conduct and interpret a K-S test for numeracy and exam. ①
Task 6: Repeat Task 5 but for the computer literacy and percentage of lectures attended. ①
Task 5: Use the split file command to look at and interpret the descriptive statistics for numeracy and exam. ①
Task 4: Calculate and interpret the z-scores for kurtosis for all variables. ①
Task 3: Calculate and interpret the z-scores for skewness for all variables. ①
Task 2: The file SPSSExam.sav contains data regarding students’ performance on an SPSS exam.Four variables were measured: exam (first-year SPSS exam scores as a percentage), computer(measure of computer literacy in percent), lecture (percentage of SPSS lectures attended) and numeracy (a measure
Task 1: Using the ChickFlick.sav data from Chapter 4, check the assumptions of normality and homogeneity of variance for the two films (ignore Gender): are the assumptions met? ①
Task 12: Using the Tea Makes You Brainy 15.sav data from Chapter 3 (see Task 6 in that chapter), plot a scatterplot showing the number of cups of tea drunk (x-axis) against cognitive functioning (y-axis)
Task 11: Using the same data as above, plot a scatterplot of animal liking scores against life satisfaction (plot scores for those married to dogs or goats in different colours). ①
Task 10: Using the Goat or Dog.sav data from Chapter 3 (see Task 5 in that chapter), plot two error bar graphs comparing scores when married to a goat or a dog (x-axis): one for the animal liking variable, and the other of the life satisfaction. ①
Task 9: Using the Shopping Exercise.sav data from Chapter 3 (see Task 4 in that chapter), plot two error bar graphs comparing men and women (x-axis): one for the distance walked, and the other of the time spent shopping. ①
Task 8: Using the Method Of Teaching.sav data from Chapter 3 (see Task 2 in that chapter), plot a clustered error line chart of the mean score when electric shocks were used compared to being nice, and plot males and females as different coloured lines. ①
Task 7: Using the Infidelity.sav data from Chapter 3 (see Task 7 in that chapter), plot a clustered error bar chart of the mean number of bullets used against the self and the partner for males and females. ①
Task 6: Using the same data, plot and interpret a scatterplot matrix with regression lines of alcohol consumption, neuroticism and number of friends. ①
Task 5: Using the same data, plot and interpret a scatterplot with regression lines of alcohol consumption and neuroticism grouped by lecturer/student. ①
Task 4: Using the same data, plot and interpret error a line chart showing the mean neuroticism for students and lecturers. ①
Task 3: Using the same data, plot and interpret an error line chart showing the mean income for students and lecturers. ①
Task 2: Using the same data, plot and interpret an error bar chart showing the mean alcohol consumption for students and lecturers. ①
Task 1: Using the data from Chapter 2 (which you should have saved, but if you didn’t, re-enter it from Table 3.1), plot and interpret an error bar chart showing the mean number of friends for students and lecturers. ①
Task 17: What are the problems with null hypothesis significance testing?
Task 16: Calculate and interpret Cohen’s d for the difference in the mean duration of the celebrity marriages in Chapter 1 and those in Task 15. ②
Task 15: In Chapter 1 (Task 9) we looked at the length in days of nine celebrity marriages. Here are the length in days of eight marriages, one being mine and the other seven being those of some of my friends and family (in all but one case up to the day I’m writing this, which is 8 March 2012,
Task 14: Compute and interpret Cohen’s d for the difference in the mean number of games it took players to become fatigued in the two teams mentioned in the previous two tasks. ②
Task 13: At a rival club to the one I support, they similarly measured the number of consecutive games it took their players before they reached the red zone. The data are: 6, 17, 7, 3, 8, 9, 4, 13, 11, 14, 7. Calculate the mean, standard deviation, and confidence interval for these data. ②
Task 12: In Chapter 1 (Task 8) we looked at an example of how many games it took a sportsperson before they hit the ‘red zone’. Calculate the standard error and confidence interval for those data.②
Task 11: Figure 2.17 shows a similar study to that in Task 10, but the means were 10 (singing) and 10.01 (conversation), the standard deviations in both groups were 3, and each group contained 1 million people. Compute the values of the confidence intervals displayed in the figure. ②
Task 10: Figure 2.16 shows two experiments that looked at the effect of singing versus conversation on how much time a woman would spend with a man. In both experiments the means were 10 (singing) and 12 (conversation), the standard deviations in all groups were 3, but the group sizes were 10 per
Task 9: What is statistical power? ②
Task 8: What is an effect size and how is it measured? ②
Task 7: What are Type I and Type II errors? ①
Task 6: What is a test statistic and what does it tell us? ①
Task 5: What do the sum of squares, variance and standard deviation represent? How do they differ? ①
Task 4: In Chapter 1 we used an example of the time in seconds taken for 21 heavy smokers to fall off a treadmill at the fastest setting (18, 16, 18, 24, 23, 22, 22, 23, 26, 29, 32, 34, 34, 36, 36, 43, 42, 49, 46, 46, 57). Calculate the standard error and 95% confidence interval for these data. ②
Task 3: What’s the difference between the standard deviation and the standard error? ①
Task 2: What is the mean and how do we tell if it’s representative of our data? ①
Task 1: Why do we use samples? ①
Task 10: Repeat Task 9 but excluding Jennifer Anniston and Brad Pitt’s marriage. How does this affect the mean, median, range, interquartile range, and standard deviation. What do the differences in values between Tasks 9 and 10 tell us about the influence of unusual scores on these measures?
Task 9: Celebrities always seem to be getting divorced. The (approximate) lengths of some celebrity marriages in days are: 240 (J-Lo and Cris Judd), 144 (Charlie Sheen and Donna Peele), 143 (Pamela Anderson and Kid Rock), 72 (Kim Kardashian, if you can call her a celebrity), 30(Drew Barrymore and
Task 8: Sports scientists sometimes talk of a ‘red zone’, which is a period during which players in a team are more likely to pick up injuries because they are fatigued. When a player hits the red zone it is a good idea to rest them for a game or two. At a prominent London football club that I
Task 7: In this chapter we used an example of the time taken for 21 heavy smokers to fall off a treadmill at the fastest setting (18, 16, 18, 24, 23, 22, 22, 23, 26, 29, 32, 34, 34, 36, 36, 43, 42, 49, 46, 46, 57). Calculate the sum of squares, variance and standard deviation of these data. ①
Task 6: In 2011 I got married and we went to Disney World in Florida for our honeymoon. We bought some bride and groom Micky Mouse hats and wore them around the parks. The staff at Disney are really nice and upon seeing our hats would say ‘congratulations’ to us. We counted how many times
Task 5: Sketch the shape of a normal distribution, a positively skewed distribution and a negatively skewed distribution. ①
Task 4: Say I own 857 CDs. My friend has written a computer program that uses a webcam to scan the shelves in my house where I keep my CDs and measure how many I have. His program says that I have 863 CDs. Define measurement error. What is the measurement error in my friend’s CDcounting device?
Task 3: What is the level of measurement of the following variables?
Task 2: What is the fundamental difference between experimental and correlational research? ①
Task 1: What are (broadly speaking) the five stages of the research process? ①
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