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Discovering Statistics Using IBM Spss Statistics 5th Edition Andy Field - Solutions
Task 10: Thinking back to Labcoat Leni’s Real Research 4.1, test whether the number of offers was significantly different in people listening to Bon Scott than in those listening to Brian Johnson, using an independent t-test and bootstrapping. Do your results differ from Oxoby (2008)?
Task 9: Analyze the data in Chapter 7, Task 2 (whether the type of music you hear influences goat sacrificing – DarkLord.sav), using a paired-samples t-test with bootstrapping. Do you reach the same conclusions?
Task 8: Analyze the data in Chapter 7, Task 1 (whether men and dogs differ in their dog-like behaviors) using an independent t-test with bootstrapping. Do you reach the same conclusions?(MenLikeDogs.sav).
Task 7: In Chapter 6 we looked at hygiene scores over three days of a rock music festival(Download Festival.sav). Do a paired-samples t-test to see whether hygiene scores on day 1 differed from those on day 3.
Task 6: What do you notice about the t-value and significance above compared to when you ran the analysis as a linear model in Chapter 8 Task 6?
Task 5: In Chapter 4 (Task 6) we looked at data from people who had been forced to marry goats and dogs and measured their life satisfaction as well as how much they like animals (Goat or Dog.sav) Conduct a t-test to see whether life satisfaction depends upon the type of animal to which a person
Task 4: Twaddle and Sons, the publishers of Women are from Bras and Men are from Penis, were upset about my claims that their book was as useful as a paper umbrella. They ran their own experiment (N = 500) in which relationship happiness was measured after participants had read their book and after
Task 3: ‘Pop psychology’ books sometimes spout nonsense that is unsubstantiated by science. As part of my plan to rid the world of pop psychology I took 20 people in relationships and randomly assigned them to one of two groups. One group read the famous popular psychology book Women are from
Task 2: Plot an error bar graph of the data in Task 1 (remember to adjust for the fact that the data are from a repeated measures design.)
Task 1: Is arachnophobia (fear of spiders) specific to real spiders or will pictures of spiders evoke similar levels of anxiety? Twelve arachnophobes were asked to play with a big hairy tarantula with big fangs and an evil look in its eight eyes and at a different point in time were shown only
Task 7: Coldwell, Pike, & Dunn (2006) investigated whether household chaos predicted children’s problem behavior over and above parenting. From 118 families they recorded the age and gender of the youngest child (child_age and child_gender). They measured dimensions of the child’s perceived
Task 6: Repeat the analysis in Labcoat Leni’s Real Research 9.1 using bootstrapping for the confidence intervals. What are the confidence intervals for the regression parameters?
Task 5: A study was carried out to explore the relationship between Aggression and several potential predicting factors in 666 children who had an older sibling. Variables measured were Parenting_Style (high score = bad parenting practices), Computer_Games (high score = more time spent playing
Task 4: A fashion student was interested in factors that predicted the salaries of catwalk models. She collected data from 231 models (Supermodel.sav). For each model she asked them their salary per day (salary), their age (age), their length of experience as a model (years), and their industry
Task 3: In Jane Superbrain Box 2.1 we encountered data (HonestyLab.sav) relating to people’s ratings of dishonest acts and the likeableness of the perpetrator. Run a linear model with bootstrapping to predict ratings of dishonesty from the likeableness of the perpetrator.
Task 2: Estimate a linear model for the pubs.sav data in Jane Superbrain Box 9.1 predicting mortality from the number of pubs. Try repeating the analysis but bootstrapping the confidence intervals.
Task 1: In Chapter 4 (Task 7) we looked at data based on findings that the number of cups of tea drunk was related to cognitive functioning (Feng et al., 2010). Using a linear model that predicts cognitive functioning from tea drinking, what would cognitive functioning be if someone drank 10 cups
Task 12: What effect does accounting for the participant’s sex have on the relationship between the time spent shopping and the distance covered?
Task 11: Using the data in Shopping Exercise.sav (Chapter 4, Task 5), find out if there is a significant relationship between the time spent shopping and the distance covered.
Task 10: In Chapter 6 we looked at hygiene scores over three days of a rock music festival(Download Festival.sav). Using Spearman’s correlation, were hygiene scores on day 1 of the festival significantly correlated with those on day 3?
Task 9: The research in the previous task was replicated but in a larger sample (N = 716), which is the same as the sample size in Feng et al.’s research (Tea Makes You Brainy 716.sav). Conduct a correlation between tea drinking and cognitive functioning. Compare the correlation coefficient and
Task 8: In Chapter 4 (Task 7) we looked at data based on findings that the number of cups of tea drunk was related to cognitive functioning (Feng et al., 2010). The data are in the file Tea Makes You Brainy 15.sav. What is the correlation between tea drinking and cognitive functioning? Is there a
Task 7: Repeat the analysis above, taking account of animal liking when computing the correlation between life satisfaction and the animal to which a person was married.
Task 6: In Chapter 4 (Task 6) we looked at data from people who had been forced to marry goats and dogs and measured their life satisfaction and, also, how much they like animals (Goat or Dog.sav). Is there a significant correlation between life satisfaction and the type of animal to which a person
Task 5: In Figure 2.3 we saw some data relating to people’s ratings of dishonest acts and the likeableness of the perpetrator (for a full description see Jane Superbrain Box 2.1). Compute the Spearman correlation between ratings of dishonesty and likeableness of the perpetrator. The data are in
Task 4: As a statistics lecturer I am interested in the factors that determine whether a student will do well on a statistics course. Imagine I took 25 students and looked at their grades for my statistics course at the end of their first year at university: first, upper second, lower second and
Task 3: Using the notebook data again, quantify the relationship between the film watched and 640 arousal.
Task 2: Using the Notebook.sav data from Chapter 3, find out the size of relationship between the participant’s sex and arousal.
Task 1: A student was interested in whether there was a positive relationship between the time spent doing an essay and the mark received. He got 45 of his friends and timed how long they spent writing an essay (hours) and the percentage they got in the essay (essay). He also translated these
Task 11: Use the DownloadFestival.sav data from Chapter 6 to test whether hygiene levels changed significantly over the three days of the festival.
Task 10: Use the SPSSExam.sav (Chapter 6, Task 2) data to test whether students at the Universities of Sussex and Duncetown differed significantly in their SPSS exam scores, their numeracy, their computer literacy, and the number of lectures attended.
Task 9: Using the data in Goat or Dog.sav (Chapter 4, Task 5), test whether people married to goats and dogs differed significantly in their life satisfaction.
Task 8: Using the same data, test whether men and women walked significantly different distances while shopping.
Task 7: Using the data in Shopping Exercise.sav (Chapter 4, Task 4), test whether men and women spent significantly different amounts of time shopping.
Task 6: Repeat the analysis above, but using the minimum acceptable offer (Oxoby (2008)MAO.sav) – see Chapter 4, Task 3.
Task 5: Thinking back to Labcoat Leni’s Real Research 4.1, test whether the number of offers was significantly different in people listening to Bon Scott compared to those listening to Brian Johnson(Oxoby (2008) Offers.sav). Compare your results to those reported by Oxoby (2008).
Task 4: A researcher was interested in preventing coulrophobia (fear of clowns) in children. She did an experiment in which different groups of children (15 in each) were exposed to positive information about clowns. The first group watched adverts in which Ronald McDonald is seen cavorting with
Task 3: A media researcher was interested in the effect of television programs on domestic life. She hypothesized that through ‘learning by watching’, certain programs encourage people to behave like the characters within them. She exposed 54 couples to three popular TV shows, after which the
Task 2: Both Ozzy Osbourne and Judas Priest have been accused of putting backward masked 578 messages on their albums that subliminally influence poor unsuspecting teenagers into doing things like blowing their heads off with shotguns. A psychologist was interested in whether backward masked
Task 1: A psychologist was interested in the cross-species differences between men and dogs. She observed a group of dogs and a group of men in a naturalistic setting (20 of each). She classified several behaviors as being dog-like (urinating against trees and lampposts, attempts to copulate with
Task 10: Use the explore command to see what effect a natural log transformation would have on the four variables measured in SPSSExam.sav.
Task 9: Transform the numeracy scores (which are positively skewed) using one of the transformations described in this chapter. Do the data become normal?
Task 8: Conduct and interpret a Levene’s test for numeracy and exam.
Task 7: Conduct and interpret a K-S test for numeracy and exam.
Task 6: Repeat Task 5 but for the computer literacy and percentage of lectures attended.
Task 5: Use the split file command to look at and interpret the descriptive statistics for numeracy and exam.
Task 4: Calculate and interpret the z-scores for kurtosis for all variables.
Task 3: Calculate and interpret the z-scores for skewness for all variables.
Task 2: The file SPSSExam.sav contains data on students’ performance on an SPSS exam. Four variables were measured: exam (first-year SPSS exam scores as a percentage), computer (measure of computer literacy in percent), lecture (percentage of SPSS lectures attended) and numeracy (a measure of
Task 1: Using the Notebook.sav data from Chapter 5, check the assumptions of normality and homogeneity of variance for the two films (ignore sex). Are the assumptions met?495
Task 12: Using the Tea Makes You Brainy 15.sav data from Chapter 4 (Task 7), plot a scatterplot showing the number of cups of tea drunk (x-axis) against cognitive functioning (y-axis).
Task 11: Using the same data as above, plot a scatterplot of animal liking scores against life satisfaction (plot scores for those married to dogs or goats in different colors).
Task 10: Using the Goat or Dog.sav data from Chapter 4 (Task 6), plot two error bar graphs comparing scores when married to a goat or a dog (x-axis): one for the animal liking variable, and the other for the life satisfaction.
Task 9: Using the Shopping Exercise.sav data from Chapter 4 (Task 5), plot two error bar graphs comparing men and women (x-axis): one for the distance walked, and the other for the time spent shopping.
Task 8: Using the Method Of Teaching.sav data from Chapter 4 (Task 3), plot a clustered error line chart of the mean score when electric shocks were used compared to being nice, and plot males and females as different colored lines.
Task 7: Using the Zhang (2013) subsample.sav data from Chapter 4 (Task 8), plot a clustered error bar chart of the mean test accuracy as a function of the type of name participants completed the test under (x-axis) and whether they were male or female (different colored bars).
Task 6: Using the same data, plot and interpret a scatterplot matrix with regression lines of alcohol consumption, neuroticism and number of friends.
Task 5: Using the same data, plot and interpret a scatterplot with regression lines of alcohol 404 consumption and neuroticism grouped by lecturer/student.
Task 4: Using the same data, plot and interpret error a line chart showing the mean neuroticism for students and lecturers.
Task 3: Using the same data, plot and interpret an error line chart showing the mean income for students and lecturers.
Task 2: Using the same data, plot and interpret an error bar chart showing the mean alcohol consumption for students and lecturers.
Task 1: Using the data from Chapter 3 (which you should have saved, but if you didn’t, re-enter it from Table 4.1), plot and interpret an error bar chart showing the mean number of friends for students and lecturers.
Task 10: What is the difference between wide and long format data?
Task 9: What is a coding variable?
Task 8: Statistics and maths anxiety are common and affect people’s performance on maths and stats assignments; women, in particular, can lack confidence in mathematics (Field, 2010). Zhang, Schmader, & Hall, (2013) did an intriguing study, in which students completed a maths test in which some
Task 7: One of my favorite activities, especially when trying to do brain-melting things like writing statistics books, is drinking tea. I am English, after all. Fortunately, tea improves your cognitive function – well, it does in old Chinese people, at any rate (Feng, Gwee, Kua, & Ng, 2010). I
Task 6: This task was inspired by two news stories that I enjoyed. The first was about a Sudanese man who was forced to marry a goat after being caught having sex with it (http://ow.ly/9DyyP). I’m not sure whether he treated the goat to a nice dinner in a posh restaurant beforehand but, either
Task 5: According to some highly unscientific research done by a UK department store chain and reported in Marie Claire magazine (http://ow.ly/9Dxvy), shopping is good for you. They found that the average woman spends 150 minutes and walks 2.6 miles when she shops, burning off around 385 calories.
Task 4: Thinking back to Labcoat Leni’s Real Research 4.1, Oxoby also measured the minimum acceptable offer; these MAOs (in dollars) are below (again, they are approximations based on the graphs in the paper). Enter these data into the SPSS Data Editor and save this file as Oxoby
Task 3: The data below show the score (out of 20) for 20 different students, some of whom are male and some female, and some of whom were taught using positive reinforcement (being nice)and others who were taught using punishment (electric shock). Enter these data into SPSS and save the file as
Task 2: What are the following icons shortcuts to?
Task 1: Smart Alex’s first task for this chapter is to save the data that you’ve entered in this chapter.Save it somewhere on the hard drive of your computer (or a USB stick if you’re not working on your own computer). Give it a sensible title and save it somewhere easy to find (perhaps
Task 10: Using the data in Table 3.3, what are the posterior odds of someone using a laptop in class(compared to not using one), given that they passed the exam
Task 9: From the data in Table 3.3, what is the conditional probability that someone used a laptop in class, given that they passed the exam, p(laptop|pass). What is the conditional probability that someone didn’t use a laptop in class, given that they passed the exam, p(no laptop |pass)?
Task 8: Various studies have shown that students who use laptops in class often do worse on their modules (Payne-Carter, Greenberg, & Waller, 2016; Sana, Weston, & Cepeda, 2013). Table 3.3 shows some fabricated data that mimic what has been found. What is the odds ratio for passing the exam if the
Task 7: Describe what you understand by the term ‘Bayes factor’?259
Task 6: What is meta-analysis?
Task 5: What is the difference between a confidence interval and a credible interval?
Task 4: What are the problems with null hypothesis significance testing?
Task 3: Calculate and interpret Cohen’s d for the difference in the mean duration of the celebrity marriages in Chapter 1 (Task 9) and mine and my friends’ marriages in Chapter 2 (Task 13).
Task 2: In Chapter 1 (Task 8) we looked at an example of how many games it took a sportsperson before they hit the ‘red zone’, then in Chapter 2 we looked at data from a rival club. Compute and interpret Cohen’s d for the difference in the mean number of games it took players to become
Task 1: What is an effect size and how is it measured?
Task 13: In Chapter 1 (Task 9) we looked at the length in days of 11 celebrity marriages. Here are the lengths in days of eight marriages, one being mine and the other seven being those of some of my friends and family (in all but one case up to the day I’m writing this, which is 8 March 2012,
Task 12: At a rival club to the one I support, they similarly measured the number of consecutive games it took their players before they reached the red zone. The data are: 6, 17, 7, 3, 8, 9, 4, 13, 11, 14, 7. Calculate the mean, standard deviation, and confidence interval for these data.
Task 11: In Chapter 1 (Task 8), we looked at an example of how many games it took a sportsperson before they hit the ‘red zone’. Calculate the standard error and confidence interval for those data.
Task 9: Figure 2.17 shows two experiments that looked at the effect of singing versus conversation on how much time a woman would spend with a man. In both experiments the means were 10(singing) and 12 (conversation), the standard deviations in all groups were 3, but the group sizes were 10 per
Task 8: What is statistical power?
Task 7: What are Type I and Type II errors?
Task 6: What is a test statistic and what does it tell us?
Task 5: What do the sum of squares, variance and standard deviation represent? How do they differ?
Task 4: In Chapter 1 we used an example of the time taken for 21 heavy smokers to fall off a treadmill at the fastest setting (18, 16, 18, 24, 23, 22, 22, 23, 26, 29, 32, 34, 34, 36, 36, 43, 42, 49, 46, 46, 57). Calculate the standard error and 95% confidence interval of these data.
Task 3: What’s the difference between the standard deviation and the standard error?
Task 2: What is the mean and how do we tell if it’s representative of our data?
Task 1: Why do we use samples?
Task 10: Repeat Task 9 but excluding Jennifer Anniston and Brad Pitt’s marriage. How does this affect the mean, median, range, interquartile range, and standard deviation? What do the differences in values between Tasks 9 and 10 tell us about the influence of unusual scores on these measures?
Task 9: Celebrities always seem to be getting divorced. The (approximate) lengths of some celebrity marriages in days are: 240 (J-Lo and Cris Judd), 144 (Charlie Sheen and Donna Peele), 143(Pamela Anderson and Kid Rock), 72 (Kim Kardashian, if you can call her a celebrity), 30 (Drew Barrymore and
Task 8: Sports scientists sometimes talk of a ‘red zone’, which is a period during which players in a team are more likely to pick up injuries because they are fatigued. When a player hits the red zone it is a good idea to rest them for a game or two. At a prominent London football club that I
Task 7: In this chapter we used an example of the time taken for 21 heavy smokers to fall off a treadmill at the fastest setting (18, 16, 18, 24, 23, 22, 22, 23, 26, 29, 32, 34, 34, 36, 36, 43, 42, 49, 46, 46, 57). Calculate the sum of squares, variance and standard deviation of these data.
Task 6: In 2011 I got married and we went to Disney World in Florida for our honeymoon. We bought some bride and groom Mickey Mouse hats and wore them around the parks. The staff at Disney are really nice and, upon seeing our hats, would say ‘Congratulations’ to us. We counted how many times
Task 5: Sketch the shape of a normal distribution, a positively skewed distribution and a negatively skewed distribution.
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