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statistics for nursing a practical approach
Fundamentals Of Nursing: Standards And Practices 2nd Edition Sue C. DeLaune, Patricia Kelly Ladner - Solutions
Involve patients and families in the decisionmaking process
Practice prevention
Ensure cost-effective, appropriate care
Participate in coordinated care
Emphasize primary care
Provide contemporary clinical care
Expand access to effective care
Care for the community’s health
8. Discuss the trends occurring in health care that will influence the priorities for nursing researc
7. Identify the various applications of nursing research in nursing practice.
6. Explain the responsibilities of the researcher in guarding the rights of research participants and others who assist in the research study.
5. Describe the steps in the research process.
4. Explain the basis for research and knowledge development in nursing.
3. Describe the trends in nursing education that specifically relate to the issues of competency development and delivery of care.
2. Discuss the Health Care Professionals’ Competencies document and the strategies proposed by the PEW Health Professions Commission for nursing education reform.
1. Describe the characteristics of each of the educational programs for entry level nursing practice.
A new worldview of nursing is emerging in the work of such theorists as Watson, Rogers, and Parse
The theories developed by Levine, Orem, and Roy are useful in guiding nursing practice.
Early nursing theorists were attempting to answer questions related to the “what” and “how” of nursing.
The metaparadigm may be composed of more than one paradigm. Parse purports that there are two paradigms in nursing: the Totality Paradigm and the Simultaneity Paradigm.
The currently accepted metaparadigm concepts in nursing are person, environment, health, and nursing.
The metaparadigm names the phenomena of concern to a discipline and distinguishes one discipline from another.
Theories range in scope from grand theories to middle-range theories to micro-range theories.
The relationship between nursing theory, practice, and research is an interdependent one. As a practiceoriented discipline, nursing theory and research inform and transform nursing practice.
The development, use, and testing of nursing theory are necessary for the professionalization of the discipline of nursing.
Nursing uses theories from other disciplines in conjunction with nursing theory.
Theories help to show how things fit together. The function of theory is to provide a framework for explaining, predicting, and sometimes controlling situations.
Propositions are relational statements that link concepts together.
•Concepts are abstract vehicles of thought and are the building blocks of theory.
10. Discuss how you plan to use nursing theory in your practice
9. Discuss the features of the following theories:Levine Roy Orem Watson Rogers
8. True or false: The early nursing theorists were attempting to address all of the metaparadigm concepts.Justify your answer.
7. Discuss Nightingale’s influence on modern nursing.
6. Name the two paradigms in nursing identified by Parse and identify the principal philosophical underpinnings of each.
5. What is a paradigm? What is the purpose of a paradigm?
4. Identify the main features of a metaparadigm. What are the metaparadigm concepts in nursing? How is nursing’s metaparadigm different from medicine’s metaparadigm?
3. Explain the relationship between nursing theory, practice, and research.
2. Define the term theory. What is the purpose of theory?
1. Explain the relationship between concepts and propositions. How are concepts and propositions related to theory?
10. Allowance for existential-phenomenological forces(Watson, 1989)
9. Assistance with gratification of human needs
8. Provision for a supportive, protective, or corrective mental, physical, sociocultural, and spiritual environment
7. Promotion of transpersonal teaching and learning
6. Use of creative problem-solving method processes
5. Promotion and acceptance of the expression of positive and negative feelings
4. Developing a helping-trusting, human caring relationship
3. Cultivation of sensitivity to one’s self and to others
2. Nurturing of faith-hope
1. Formation of a humanistic-altruistic system of values
4. Conservation of Social Integrity: “No diagnosis should be made that does not include the other persons whose lives are entwined with that of the individual”(Levine, 1989, p. 336).
3. Conservation of Personal Integrity: “Everyone seeks to defend his or her identity as a self, in both that hidden, intensely private person that dwells within and in the public faces assumed as individuals move through their relationships with others” (Levine, 1989, p. 334).
2. Conservation of Structural Integrity: “Structural integrity is concerned with the processes of healing . . . to restore wholeness and continuity after injury or illness”(Levine, 1989, p. 333).
1. Conservation of Energy: “The individual requires a balance of energy and a constant renewal of energy to maintain life activities” (Levine, 1990, p. 197).
8. Apply the principles of selected nursing theories, such as the Conservation Theory, the Self-Care Deficit Theory of Nursing, the Roy Adaptation Model, the Theory of Human Caring, the Science of Unitary Human Beings, and Man-Living-Health, to nursing practice
7. Discuss the process of paradigm revolution and paradigm shift in nursing and relate it to the current paradigms in nursing.
6. Describe the metaparadigm concepts in nursing and how they differ from the metaparadigm concepts in medicine.
5. Identify the three categories relating to the scope of theories.
4. Explain the interdependent roles of nursing practice, nursing theory, and nursing research.
3. Describe the link between nursing theory and the continuing development of the nursing profession.
2. Discuss the purpose of theory.
1. Explain the relationships of concepts and propositions to theory.
5. List some key legislative measures that have affected nurse’s role in the delivery of health care in the United States.
d. increase the amount of clinical practice in nursing education programs.
c. place nursing education within institutions of higher learning.
b. compensate nurses with higher salaries and more comprehensive benefits.
a. recruit more people into the nursing profession.
4. Choose the correct answer. The major recommendation of both the Goldmark and Brown reports was to:
3. Identify some contemporary nursing leaders. What are their contributions to the nursing profession?
2. Examine the history of your nursing school. Are the early leaders honored for their contributions?
1. What does the phrase “using their own history”mean to nurses? After studying this chapter, list some major lessons nurses can derive from history.
As the nursing profession continues to evolve and respond to the challenges within the health care system, nurses will remain responsive to societal needs
Developments such as alternative methods of health care delivery, evidence-based practice, and the efforts devoted to health care reform have led to diversified nursing roles.
Contemporary reports issued by the National Commission on Nursing, the Institute of Medicine, and the Secretary’s Commission on Nursing focused on the areas of nursing education, practice, and nursing’s role in health care financing policies.
The Health Maintenance Organization Act of 1973 provided an alternative to the private health insurance industry.
The Brown report (1948) addressed the need for nurses to demonstrate greater professional competence by moving nursing education to the university setting.
In 1923, the Goldmark report concluded that, for nursing to be on equal footing with other disciplines, nursing education should occur in the university setting.
Other nursing pioneers, such as Amelia Greenwald, Mary Breckenridge, Mamie Hale, Mary Mahoney, Linda Richards, and Margaret Sanger, made important contributions to both nursing education and the fields of rural, public health, maternity, and multicultural nursing.
Influential nursing leaders, such as Lillian Wald, Jane Delano, Isabel Hampton Robb, Annie Goodrich, Adelaide Nutting, and Lavinia Dock, were instrumental in the advancement of nursing education and practice.
Nursing’s early American leaders, professional organizations, and landmark reports have influenced the infrastructure of current nursing practice.
Florence Nightingale forged the future of nursing practice and education as a result of her experiences in training nurses to care for soldiers.
Nursing’s early history was heavily influenced by religious organizations and the need for nurses to care for soldiers during wartime.
Nurses will understand such issues as autonomy, unity within the profession, supply and demand, salary, education, and current practice and the empowerment of the profession by studying nursing’s history.
Nursing is an art and a science in which people are assisted in learning to care for themselves whenever possible and cared for when they are unable to meet their own needs.
By continuing to advance nursing education
By collaborating with other health care providers
By shaping health care policies
4. Prevent and reduce diseases and disorders
3. Improve systems for personal and public health.
2. Promote healthy and safe communities.
1. Promote healthy behaviors.
Enabling goals
2. Eliminate health disparities.
1. Increase quality and years of healthy life.
Major goals
Development, use, and maintenance of nursing resources (Secretary’s Commission on Nursing, 1988
Nurse decision making
Health care financing
Nurse compensation
Improved working conditions, specifically, salaries, flexible scheduling, and differentiated practice
Involvement of nurses in collaborative institutional and clinical decision making
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