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statistics for nursing a practical approach
Fundamentals Of Nursing: Standards And Practices 2nd Edition Sue C. DeLaune, Patricia Kelly Ladner - Solutions
5. What are the advantages of peer evaluation?
4. State specific ways in which a nurse can perform process evaluation.
3. How does evaluation promote the individual nurse’s accountability?
2. Describe the three types of evaluation and compare them in terms of purpose and methodology.
1. When does evaluation of nursing care occur?
Was the care coordinated with other providers to facilitate efficient delivery of care?
Did the family have the resources (for example, transportation) to assist in meeting the goals?
Were there external variables (for example, housing problems, impaired family dynamics) that prevented goal achievement?
Were the goals realistic in terms of client abilities and time frame?
6. Discuss the significance of multidisciplinary collaboration in evaluating aspects of client care.
5. Discuss the relationship between evaluation and accountability.
4. Describe the three types of evaluation.
3. Identify the steps through which evaluation is conducted.
2. Describe the components of comprehensive evaluation in nursing.
1. Explain the purposes of evaluation in professional nursing practice.
Routine medications at 9:00 am and 1:00 pm
Strengthening exercises per physical therapy at 9:00 am
CT of head at 10:00 am
Assist bed bath/assist with eating
Up in chair at bedside 3 times a day for at least 30 minutes
9. You are caring for Mr. Sims, who has had a stroke.The care plan includes the following activities and interventions:
8. How does the Nurse Practice Act in your state address delegation? Does the definition specifically address the registered nurse’s role in supervising other nursing personnel? Licensed practical nurse’s role? Delegation of nursing care to others?Has the Board of Nursing in your state
7. Ask a nurse what activities occupy most of his or her time. What activities does the nurse most enjoy? What does the nurse least enjoy? Compare this nurse’s perceptions with your own ideas.
6. The next time you are in a clinical agency, examine your client’s record for the previous 8 hours.Does it provide a vivid and accurate description of the client? How could the written documentation be improved?
5. Consider your most recent clinical experience.How could you have organized your time more effectively? Apply these same time management principles to your study time. How could you arrange your time more efficiently?
4. Situation: Mary Long, age 42, has come to the clinic because of recurrent chest pains (although symptom-free at this time). Although there is a strong family history of heart disease, she has no personal history of heart problems. She is approximately 60 lb overweight and you determine that her
3. List two reasons for documentation of client care.
2. List five implementation activities and give an example of each.
_____c. Turning a client with impaired mobility every 2 hours
_____b. Administering a pain medication as needed following surgery
_____a. Applying a heating pad to a shoulder for 20 minutes
1. Label each of the following nursing interventions as dependent (dep.), independent (ind.), or interdependent(int.).
How long it should be done Interventions are determined by and
Who will do it
When it should be done
How it is to be done
What is to be done
If you were a client in a hospital, which management style would you prefer? Why?
If the client has previously experienced a fall, what were the conditions under which it occurred?
Does the client’s level of mobility require ambulatory assistance devices such as a cane, walker, or wheelchair?
Has the mental status of the client recently changed in terms of orientation to time and place?
Are elimination problems such as incontinence being experienced?
Which medications are currently prescribed for the client, and what are their effects on the central nervous system?
6. Discuss the importance of documentation in the implementation process.
5. Identify the specific types of nursing interventions that are implemented by the nurse and the characteristics of each type.
4. Explain the nurse’s roles and responsibilities in the delegation of care to assistive personnel and its impact on implementation.
3. Discuss various implementation activities that nurses execute as directed by the nursing plan of care.
2. Explore the types of skills required for effective implementation.
1. Describe the purposes of the implementation step of the nursing process.
d. Make sure that nursing care activities receive priority over other aspects of the treatment regime
c. Write interventions in general terms to allow maximum flexibility and creativity in delivering nursing care.
b. Make intervention statements specific to ensure continuity of care.
a. Choose actions that a nurse can perform without leaving the unit or consulting with medical staff.
10. Which guideline is most appropriate when developing nursing interventions?
9. What are the essential components of an expected outcome?a. Nursing diagnosis, interventions, and expected client behaviorb. Target date, nursing action, measurement criteria, and desired client behaviorc. Nursing action, client behavior, target date, and conditions under which the behavior
d. To make sure that the client’s treatment does not extend beyond the time allowed under the diagnosis-related group system
c. To provide a standard for evaluating the quality of health care delivered to the client during the hospital stay
b. To describe the behavior the client is expected to achieve as a result of nursing interventions
8. What is the main purpose of the expected outcome?a. To describe the education plans to be taught to the client
7. When establishing priorities of a client’s plan of nursing care, the nurse should rank the highest priorities to life-threatening diagnoses and the lowest priorities to:a. Safety-related needsb. The client’s social, love, and belonging needsc. Needs of family members and friends who are
d. Client’s nursing diagnoses, goals and expected outcome objectives, and nursing interventions
c. Collected documentation of all team members providing care for your client
b. Doctor’s orders, demographic data, and medication administration and rationales
a. Client assessment data, medical treatment regime and rationales, and diagnostic test results and significance
6. The plan of nursing care includes:
5. Decide whether the following statements have time frames and place a mark in front of all goals with time frames.
4. Decide whether the following statements have conditions and place a mark in front of all goals with conditions.
_____ 4. The client will demonstrate crutch walking the entire length of the hallway twice a day.
_____ 3. The client will understand the importance of returning for follow-up visits to the health care practitioner.
_____ 2. The client will know the cause of low blood sugar.
_____ 1. The client will describe two purposes of the low-salt diet by Friday.
3. Indicate whether the following statements have criteria and place a mark in front of all goals with criteria.
_____ 4. The client will understand how to change dressings on abdomen.
_____ 3. The client will explain the purpose of maintaining asepsis in daily dressing changes by Wednesday.
_____ 2. The client will be able to state where diabetic injection equipment may be purchased after discharge.
_____ 1. The client will know five reasons for proper nutrition.
2. Decide whether the following statements have action verbs for their task assignment and place a mark in front of all goals with action verbs.
_____ 4. Will encourage the client to walk the entire length of hallway two times a day by Thursday.
_____ 3. The client will describe two purposes of a low-fat diet by Wednesday.
_____ 2. Will teach the client to plan a low-fat diet for 24 hours.
_____ 1. The nursing assistant will ambulate client in the hall three times a day by Saturday.
1. Decide whether the following statements are client-centered and place a mark in front of all client-centered goals.
The examples demonstrate exactly what the subject, or client, is to perform (“will ambulate”; “will demonstrate”;“will take”; “will plan”).
What is the action that the subject or client is expected to do in each of the preceding examples?
Because the plan of nursing care is based on the client, the subject is the client.
Who is to achieve the desired behavior in each of the preceding examples?
8. Discuss strategies for overcoming barriers to effective planning of nursing care.
7. Describe the use of the plan of care in the outcome identification and planning step of the nursing process.
6. Explain the three categories of nursing interventions.
5. Describe common problems in planning nursing care.
4. Discuss the five components in the construction of goals and expected outcomes.
3. Describe the characteristics of goals and expected outcomes.
2. Describe the four elements of the planning component.
1. Explain the purposes of outcome identification and planning.
To avoid committing errors in the nursing diagnostic process, nurses should ensure that the data collection is complete, that the interpretation of the data is accurate and based upon the nursing and not the medical diagnosis, and that the client’s response to a health problem is amenable to
When the nurse is knowledgeable about the components of the nursing diagnosis process and is equipped to develop the diagnostic statement, the nurse is able to make appropriate decisions regarding therapeutic nursing interventions.
The process of developing a nursing diagnosis includes analysis of assessment cues, validation of cues, interpretation of cues, clustering of data, consulting NANDA’s list of approved nursing diagnoses, and writing the nursing diagnosis statement.
The NANDA nursing diagnosis taxonomy is composed of nine human response patterns: exchanging, communicating, relating, valuing, choosing, moving, perceiving, knowing, and feeling.
Nursing diagnoses can be written as either two-part statements (diagnostic label and etiology) or threepart statements (diagnostic label, etiology, and defining characteristics).
Through the efforts of NANDA and ANA, the identification and validation of nursing diagnosis as the second step of the nursing process has been substantiated and forms the basis for professional accountability.
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