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engineering
fundamentals of chemical engineering thermodynamics

Questions and Answers of Fundamentals Of Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics

Some properties of saturated isobutane at 5 bar are given below: Tat (5 bar) = 310.5 K, V₁ = 0.00201585 kg/m³, V₁ = 0.0783803 kg/m³ Use this information to calculate the following: a) The
Your R&D department works on a proprietary fluid X for which only limited data are disclosed. Among the available information is that the SRK equation at T = 383.3 K, P = 8 bar gives three real roots
a) Use the SRK equation of state to calculate the saturation pressure of ethane at −58.5 °C. b) Use the SRK equation to construct the PV graph of ethane. Show isotherms at T = −58.5 K and T =
The data below give the dew and bubble temperature of methanol/ ethanol mixtures at 1 bar.a) A solution containing 30% methanol (by mol) is flashed to 1 bar, 70.82 °C. Determine the phase of the
Use the SRK equation to obtain the saturation pressure of propane at 350 K. Perform the calculation as follows:a) Determine the highest pressure at which the vapor phase is stable (P1). b) Determine
The data below are for the system 1,4 dioxane (1)/methanol(2) at 308.5 K. a) What is the saturation pressure of methanol at 308.5 K? b) What is the phase of a mixture that contains 60% dioxane at
Use the data below for the system ethyl propyl ether (1)-chloroform (2) to answer the following questions: a) What is the boiling point of chloroform at 0.5 bar? b) Is this a maximum boiling or
A mixture that contains 40% by mole n-heptane in n-decane is to be separated in a series of flush separators until a stream is obtained that contains at least 95% n-heptane. Determine the number of
A stream that contains a mixture of methane (25% by mol) and carbon monoxide is compressed from 1 bar, 35 to 12 bar. The compressor efficiency is 90%. Treating the mixture as an ideal gas, calculate
Air is compressed from 1 bar, 25 °C to 50 bar, and subsequently is cooled to 300 K using cooling water. Assuming air to be an ideal-gas mixture and the compressor to be 100% efficient, calculate the
In the process below, all streams are mixtures of methane/carbon monoxide with molar compositions indicated on the flow chart in Figure 9-3. Calculate the material and energy balances and perform an
Streams A and B are mixed adiabatically to produce stream C. Stream A is at 1 bar, 50 °C, it contains pure methane and its flow rate is 0.2 mol/min. Stream B is at 1 bar, 100 °C, contains a
A vapor mixture of acetone (1) and nitromethane (2) (y1 = 0.7) initially at P = 1 bar and 110 °C is to be liquefied by compression under constant temperature.a) At what pressure does the system
a) Calculate the enthalpy, entropy, and volume of a solution that contains 37.5% by mole heptane in decane, at 15 °C, 1 bar. b) Calculate the amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of the
A mixture contains n-pentane, n-hexane, and n-heptane at equal mole fractions. The temperature is 55 °C.a) Calculate the bubble and dew pressure at 55 °C. b) What is the phase of the system at 1.7
A tank that contains a mixture of normal heptane (1)ormal octane is delivered to you. The composition of the mixture is unknown but the tank labels state that the bubble temperature of the mixture at
Assuming normal heptane and normal octane to form ideal solutions, do the following: a) Calculate the chemical potential of n-C7(1) in solution with n-C8(2) at 40 °C, 1 bar, x1 = 0.45. b)
The exhaust stream from a combustion process contains 10% water vapor (by mol). The pressure of the stream is 2 bar and the temperature 100 °C. a) What is the relative humidity of the stream? b)
Determine the solubility of hexane in methanol and decane 25 °C based on the available activity coefficients at infinite dilution: a) Hexane in methanol: Y = 18.97, 21 b) Hexane in decane: Y = 0.89
The pressure is 1 bar, the relative humidity is 75%, and the dew temperature is 25 °C.a) What is the mol fraction of water vapor in the air? b) What is the temperature? c) Your dehumidifier
A tank contains a mixture of water and carbon dioxide. The mol fraction of CO2 in the liquid is 5.0 × 10−4 and the temperature is 70 °C.a) Calculate the total pressure as well as the composition
The fugacity coefficient of CO2 in liquid n-pentane at 344.15 K, 2.93 bar approaches the value ϕ = 39.2. Use this information to calculate Henry’s law constant for this system.
Butanol and water are partially miscible liquids. At 1.013 bar, the bubble point of the two-phase system is at 93 °C, and the mol fraction of butanol in the two liquids is 4% and 40%, respectively.
Hydrogen peroxide reacts with sodium thiosulfate according to the reaction, a) Determine the stoichiometric coefficients. b) A reactor is initially loaded with an aqueous solution that contains 10%
The gas phase reaction oxidation of SO2 to SO3 is carried out at a pressure of 1 bar with 20% excess air in an adiabatic reactor. The reactants enter at 25 °C and equilibrium is obtained at the exit
a) Determine the heat of vaporization of benzene at 25 °C using tabulated heats of formation. b) Determine Henry’s law constant of ammonia in water at 25 °C from the tabulated (g) and (aq) Gibbs
A reactor is loaded with equal amounts of hydrogen, nitrogen, ammonia, and helium. If the reaction is 3H2 + N2 = 2NH3, do the following: a) Calculate the minimum and maximum values of ξ. b)
A young engineer notices in her plant that 1-kg blocks of brick are routinely removed from a 800 °C oven and are let stand to cool in air at 25 °C. Conscious about cost-cutting and efficiency, she
a) Show that the variation of the CP with pressure at constant temperature is given byb) Use this result to show that the CP and CV in the ideal-gas state are independent of pressure. c) If the
A Carnot cycle operating between 600 °C and 25 °C absorbs 1000 kJ of heat from the high-temperature reservoir. The work produced is used to power another Carnot cycle which transfers 1000 kJ of
N-Octane is compressed reversibly at constant temperature along the critical isotherm until the critical point is reached. The initial pressure is 1 bar. The pressure takes place in a closed system.
The intermolecular potential of methane is given by the following equation: With a = 2.05482 × 10−21 J, σ = 3.786 Å, and r is the distance between molecules (in Å).a) Make a plot of this
a) Estimate the mean distance between molecules in liquid water. Assume for simplicity that molecules sit on a regular square lattice. b) Repeat for steam at 1 bar, 200 °C (density 4.6 × 10−4
In 1656, Otto von Guericke of Magdeburg presented his invention, a vacuum pump, through a demonstration that became a popular sensation. A metal sphere made of two hemispheres (now known as the
Determine the temperature and phase of water from the following information. If the phase is a vapor-liquid mixture, report the fraction of vapor and liquid. a) The specific volume of water is 100
The following data are available for a gas: To calculate the molar volume at 25 °C, 12 bar, our team came up with two different suggestions: (a) Linear interpolation for Vbetween the given
A closed tank contains a vapor-liquid mixture of steam at 45 bar with liquid content 25% by mass.a) The pressure is changed to 80 bar. What is the temperature? b) The pressure is changed until the
A 12 m3 tank contains a liquid/vapor mixture of steam at 15 bar. The volume of the liquid in the tank is 0.5 m3.a) What is the temperature? b) What is the total mass in the tank? c) What is quality
An eight-liter pressure cooker contains a mixture of steam and liquid water at 2 bar. Through a level indicator we can see that the liquid occupies 25% of the volume inside the cooker. a) What is
a) A pressure cooker is filled to the brim with water at 80 °Cand the lid is locked. The temperature is then changed until the contents become saturated liquid. What is the temperature and pressure
The R&D division of your company has released the following limited data on proprietary compound X-23: T (C) 25 25 P (bar) 0.01 20 p (kg/m) 0.0177 39.8 Saturation pressure at 25 C: 64.3 bar Critical
A tank whose volume is 12 m3 contains 6.2 kg of water at 1.4 bar.a) What is the phase (liquid, vapor, liquid/vapor mixture)? b) What is the temperature? c) We add more steam to the tank while
Methane is stored under pressure in a 1 m3 tank. The pressure in the tank is 20 bar and the temperature is 25 °C.a). Calculate the compressibility factor of methane in the tank from the virial
1000 kg of methane is to be stored in a tank at 25 °C, 75 bar.What is the required volume of the tank?
200 kg of carbon dioxide are stored in a tank at 25 °C and 70 bar.a). Is carbon dioxide an ideal gas under the conditions in the tank? b). What is the volume of the tank? c). How much carbon
A full cylinder of ethylene (C2H4) at 25 °C contains 50 kg of gas at 80 bar.a) Is ethylene an ideal gas under these conditions? Explain. b) What is the volume of the cylinder? c) What is the
Use the Lee-Kesler method to answer the following: 2000 kg of krypton is to be stored under pressure in a tank at 110 bar, 20 °C. The tank is designed to withstand pressures up to 180 bar.a)
The boiling point of o-xylene at 1 bar is 139 °C. a) What is the state of o-xylene at 0.1 bar, 200 C? b) 100 moles of o-xylene are to be loaded in a tank at 0.1 bar, 200 C. What is the required
a) A tank contains 10,000 kg of xenon at 132 °C, 82 bar. The plant supervisor asks you to remove xenon and fill the tank with 10,000 kg of steam at 200 °C. What is the pressure in the tank when it
The parameters β and κ of a substance are reported to be functions of pressure and temperature and are given below: B=1/T, K=1/P. a) Determine the equation of state. Assume that at pressure P.
A gas is confined in a cylinder sealed by a piston 20 cm in diameter whose mass is 30 kg. The pressure in the room is 1 bar.a) What is the pressure inside the cylinder? b) Heat is added to the
a) Calculate the amount of work necessary for the reversible compression of 1 kg of steam from 10 bar to 5 bar. The expansion is to take place in a cylinder fitted with a weightless piston at the
A sealed tank contains saturated steam at 5 bar. The volume of the tank is1m3.a) Heat is added until the pressure in the tank pressure doubles. What is the final temperature? b) Calculate the
A closed rigid tank contains saturated water vapor at 100 °C. The tank has a safety relief valve that will go off at 2.5 bar. How much heat can be added to the steam before the valve goes off?
A sealed pressure cooker contains steam at 5 bar and 200 °C. Subsequently, the cooker is cooled until the contents become saturated vapor.a) What is the final temperature? b) How much heat is
A sealed rigid tank is filled with 1 kg of steam at 200 °C and 10 bar.a) What is the volume of the tank? b) 0.5 kg of steam are removed from the tank. If the temperature remains at 200 °C, what is
A closed and sealed rigid tank contains 11 kg of liquid water at equilibrium with 1.17 kg of vapor at a pressure of 2 bar. The tank is equipped with two alarms: a pressure alarm that will sound if
a) A closed tank contains steam with 20% moisture at 3 bar. Heat is added until one of the two phases disappears. Which phase disappears and what is the final pressure and temperature? b) Another
A sealed rigid tank of 1 m3 capacity contains 1.2 kg of water at 1 bar and 99.63 °C. To this tank we add heat until the pressure increases to 3 bar.a) What is the temperature at the end of the
A3m3 tank is divided into two parts via a thermally insulated wall. One part has a volume of 2 m3 and contains a vapor-liquid mixture of steam, 7% liquid, at 5 bar. The other part contains steam at
A closed tank, 1 m3 in volume is filled with water at 1 bar 80 °C.A second identical tank contains 20 kg of steam at 20 bar. a) What is the mass of water in tank 1? b) What is the temperature and
Wet steam with quality 63.1% exchanges heat in a closed system under constant pressure P = 6 bar. Determine the final temperature and the amount of PV work in each of the following cases:a) The
a) Water at 1 bar, 20 °C is heated at const P to produce steam with quality 95%. What is the amount of heat? b) What is the final state if the amount of heat is 2100 kJ/kg?
Steam is heated in closed system from 20 bar, 300 °C to 450 °C. Determine the amount of heat and work in the following cases:a) Heating is conducted at constant pressure. b) Heating is conducted
Wet steam at 200 °C with 80% moisture is heated by removing 600 kJ/kg of heat.a) Determine the final state (pressure and temperature and quality, if a two-phase system) if cooling is at constant
Methanol at 25 °C, 8 bar is heated under constant P in closed system. a) Determine b) Determine the final state if Q = 32000 J/mol c) Determine the final state if Q = 52000 J/mol Additional data:
a) Obtain the heat of vaporization of steam at 30 bar. b) Saturated liquid water at 30 bar is heated until the quality is 75%. What is the amount of heat? c) Saturated liquid water at 30 bar is
a) Water at 1 bar, 20 °C is heated at const P to produce steam with quality 95%. What is the amount of heat? b) Steam at 1 bar 400 °C is cooled by removing 300 kJ/kg of heat at constant pressure.
Water at 20 °C 30 bar is heated in a closed system under constant pressure. a) If the quality in the final state is 75%, what is the amount of heat? b) If the amount of heat is 2000 kJ/kg, what is
Steam in a closed system is compressed by reversible isothermal process in a heat bath at 250 °C, starting from an initial pressure of 15 bar. During the process, the steam receives 400 kJ/kg of
Calculate ΔS for steam from 250 °C, 0.05 bar to 250 °C, 6 bar assuming steam to be an ideal gas. Compare to the value in the steam tables.
a) Calculate the amount of work necessary for the reversible isothermal expansion of 1 kg of steam from 10 bar to 5 bar at 400 °C. b) Calculate the amount of heat associated with this process.
Steam in a closed system is compressed by reversible isothermal process in a heat bath at 250 °C, starting from an initial pressure of 15 bar. During the process, the steam transfers 2000 kJ/kg of

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