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physics
college physics a strategic approach 2nd

Questions and Answers of College Physics A Strategic Approach 2nd

An 80 kg construction worker sits down 2.0 m from the end of a 1450 kg steel beam to eat his lunch, as shown in Figure P8.36. The cable supporting the beam is rated at 15,000 N. Should the worker be
A woman weighing 580 N does a pushup from her knees, as shown in Figure P8.38. What are the normal forces of the floor on.(a) Each of her hands (b) Each of her knees? 54 cm 76 cm FIGURE P8.38
A man is attempting to raise a 7.5-m-long, 28 kg. flagpole that has a hinge at the base by pulling on a rope attached to the top of the pole, as shown in Figure P8.41. With what force does the man
A "rocket car" is launched along a long straight track at t = 0 s. It moves with constant acceleration a1 = 2.0 m/s2. At t = 2.0 s, a second car is launched along a parallel track, from the same
If an astronaut can jump straight up to a height of 0.50 m on earth, how high could he jump on the moon?A. 1.2 m B. 3.0 m C. 3.6 m D. 18 m
On the earth, an astronaut can safely jump to the ground from a height of 1.0 m; her velocity when reaching the ground is slow enough to not cause injury. From what height could the astronaut safely
On the earth, an astronaut throws a ball straight upward; it stays in the air for a total time of 3.0 s before reaching the ground again. If a ball were to be thrown upward with the same initial
a. Can a vector have nonzero magnitude if a component is zero? If no, why not? If yes, give an example. b. Can a vector have zero magnitude and a nonzero component? If no, why not? If yes, give an
A car goes around a corner in a circular are at constant speed. Draw a motion diagram including positions, velocity vectors, and acceleration vectors.
a. Is the object's average speed between points 1 and 2 greater than, less than, or equal to its average speed between points 0 and 1? Explain how you can tell. b. Find the average acceleration
Figure 3.11 showed the motion diagram for Anne as she rode a Ferris wheel that was turning at a constant speed. The inset to the figure showed how to find the acceleration vector at the lowest point
A position vector with magnitude 10 m points to the right and up. Its x-component is 6.0 m. What is the value of its y-component?
An athlete performing the long jump tries to achieve the maximum distance from the point of takeoff to the first point of touching the ground. After the jump, rather than land upright, she extends
A person trying to throw a ball as far as possible will run forward during the throw. Explain why this increases the distance of the throw.
A passenger on a jet airplane claims to be able to walk at a speed in excess of 500 mph. Can this be true? Explain.
If you go to a ski area, you'll likely find that the beginner's slope has the smallest angle. Use the concept of acceleration on a ramp to explain why this is so.
Draw each of the following vectors, then find its x- and y-components. à a. b. c. à = (100 m, 45° below +x-axis) (300 m/s, 20° above +x-axis) (5.0 m/s², -y-direction)
In an amusement-park ride, cars rolling along at high speed suddenly head up a long, straight ramp. They roll up the ramp. reverse direction at the highest point, then roll backward back down the
There are competitions in which pilots fly small planes low over the ground and drop weights, trying to hit a target. A pilot flying low and slow drops a weight; it takes 2.0 s to hit the ground,
Draw each of the following vectors, then find its x- and y-components. d = (2.0 km, 30° left of +y-axis) (5.0 cm/s, -x-direction) (10 m/s², 40° left of -y-axis) a. b. c. à
Each of the following vectors is given in terms of its x- and y-components. Draw the vector, label an angle that specifies the vector's direction, then find the vector's magnitude and direction. a.
A cyclist goes around a level, circular track at constant speed. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: "Because the cyclist's speed is constant, her acceleration is zero." Explain.
Each of the following vectors is given in terms of its x- and y-components. Draw the vector, label an angle that specifies the vector's direction, then find the vector's magnitude and direction. a.
You are driving your car in a circular path on level ground at a constant speed of 20 mph. At the instant you are driving north, and turning left, are you accelerating? If so, toward what point of
While visiting England, you decide to take a jog and find yourself in the neighborhood shown on the map in Figure P3.15. What is your displacement after running 2.0 km on Strawberry Fields, 1.0 km on
An airplane has been directed to fly in a clockwise circle, as seen from above, at constant speed until another plane has landed. When the plane is going north, is it accelerating? If so, in what
When you go around a corner in your car, your car follows a path that is a segment of a circle. To turn safely, you should keep your car's acceleration below some safe upper limit. If you want to
Which combination of the vectors shown in Figure Q3.17 has the largest magnitude? A TR0 B FIGURE Q3.17 Ĉ
You begin sliding down a 15° ski slope. Ignoring friction and air resistance, how fast will you be moving after 10 s?
Two vectors appear as in Figure Q3.18. Which combination points directly to the left? TA FIGURE Q3.18 ē
A car traveling at 30 m/s runs out of gas while traveling up a 5.0° slope. How far will it coast before starting to roll back down?
In the Soapbox Derby, young participants build nonmotorized cars with very low friction wheels. Cars race by rolling down a hill. The track at Akron's Derby Downs, where the national championship is
The gas pedal in a car is sometimes referred to as "the accelerator." Which other controls on the vehicle can be used to produce acceleration? A. The brakes. B. The steering wheel. C. The gear
Two children who are bored while waiting for their flight at the airport decide to race from one end of the 20-m-long moving sidewalk to the other and back. Phillippe runs on the side- walk at 2.0
A skydiver deploys his parachute when he is 1000 m directly above his desired landing spot. He then falls through the air at a steady 5.0 m/s. There is a breeze blowing to the west at 2.0 m/s. a. At
A football is kicked at an angle of 30° with a speed of 20 m/s. To the nearest second, how long will the ball stay in the air? A. 1 s B. 2 s C. 3 sD. 4 s
A football is kicked at an angle of 30° with a speed of 20 m/s. To the nearest 5 m, how far will the ball travel? A. 15 m B. 25 m C. 35 m D. 45 m
A ball is thrown horizontally from a 20-m-high building with a speed of 5.0 m/s.a. Make a sketch of the ball's trajectory. b. Draw a graph of vy, the horizontal velocity, as a function of time.
Riders on a Ferris wheel move in a circle with a speed of 4.0 m/s. As they go around, they experience a centripetal acceleration of 2.0 m/s. What is the diameter of this particular Ferris wheel? A.
A ball with a horizontal speed of 1.25 m/s rolls off a bench 1.00 m above the floor. a. How long will it take the ball to hit the floor? b. How far from a point on the floor directly below the edge
King Arthur's knights use a catapult to launch a rock from their vantage point on top of the castle wall, 12 m above the moat. The rock is launched at a speed of 25 m/s and an angle of 30 above the
Two spheres are launched horizontally from a 1.0-m-high table. Sphere A is launched with an initial speed of 5.0 m/s. Sphere B is launched with an initial speed of 2.5 m/s. a. What are the times for
Racing greyhounds are capable of rounding corners at very high speeds. A typical greyhound track has turns that are 45-m- diameter semicircles. A greyhound can run around these turns at a constant
A CD-ROM drive in a computer spins the 12-cm-diameter disks at 10,000 rpm. a. What are the disk's period (in s) and frequency (in rev/s)? b. What would be the speed of a speck of dust on the
Entrance and exit ramps for freeways are often circular stretches of road. As you go around one at a constant speed, you will experience a constant acceleration. Suppose you drive through an entrance
A typical set of stairs is angled at 38°. You climb a set of stairs at a speed of 3.5 m/s. a. How much height will you gain in 2.0 s? b. How much horizontal distance will you cover in 2.0 s?
A pilot in a small plane encounters shifting winds. He flies 26.0 km northeast, then 45.0 km due north. From this point, he flies an additional distance in an unknown direction, only to find himself
A small plane is 100 km south of the equator. The plane is flying at 150 km/h at a heading of 30 to the west of north. In how many minutes will the plane cross the equator?
A block slides along the frictionless track shown in Figure P3.54 with an initial speed of 5.0 m/s. Assume it turns all the corners smoothly, with no loss of speed.a. What is the block's speed as it
When the moving sidewalk at the airport is broken, as it often seems to be, it takes you 50 s to walk from your gate to the bag- gage claim. When it is working and you stand on the moving side- walk
Mary needs to row her boat across a 100-m-wide river that is flowing to the east at a speed of 1.0 m/s. Mary can row the boat with a speed of 2.0 m/s relative to the water. a. If Mary rows straight
A flock of ducks is trying to migrate south for the winter, but they keep being blown off course by a wind blowing from the west at 12 m/s. A wise elder duck finally realizes that the solution is to
A 1500 kg car is traveling along a straight road at 20 m/s. Two seconds later its speed is 21 m/s. What is the magnitude of the net force acting on the car during this time?
Tennis balls experience a large drag force. A tennis ball is hit so that it goes straight up and then comes back down. The direction of the drag force is. A. Always up. B. Up and then down. C.
Very small forces can have tremendous effects on the motion of very small objects. Consider a single electron, with a mass of 9.1 x 10-31 kg, subject to a single force equal to the weight of a penny,
The Gulf Stream off the east coast of the United States can flow at a rapid 3.6 m/s to the north. A ship in this current has a cruising speed of 10 m/s. The captain would like to reach land at a
A spring-loaded gun, fired vertically, shoots a marble 6.0 m straight up in the air. What is the marble's range if it is fired horizontally from 1.5 m above the ground?
A mountain climber is hanging from a rope in the middle of a crevasse. The rope is vertical. Identify the forces on the mountain climber.
In a shot-put event, an athlete throws the shot with an initial speed of 12.0 m/s at a 40.0° angle from the horizontal. The shot leaves her hand at a height of 1.80 m above the ground. a. How far
Water at the top of Horseshoe Falls (part of Niagara Falls) is moving horizontally at 9.0 m/s as it goes off the edge and plunges 53 m to the pool below. If you ignore air resistance, at what angle
Suppose the designers of the water slide want to adjust the height h above the water so that riders land twice as far away from the bottom of the slide. What would be the necessary height above the
Whiplash injuries during an automobile accident are caused by the inertia of the head. If someone is wearing a seatbelt, her body will tend to move with the car seat. However, her head is free to
During which section of the motion is the magnitude of the acceleration experienced by a rider the greatest? A. The first. B. The second. C. The third. D. It is the same in all sections.
A hockey puck slides along the surface of the ice. If friction and air resistance are negligible, what force is required to keep the puck moving?
An automobile has a head-on collision. A passenger in the car experiences a compression injury to the brain. Is this injury most likely to be in the front or rear portion of the brain? Explain.
If an object is not moving, does that mean that there are no forces acting on it? Explain.
In a head-on collision, an infant is much safer in a child safety seat when the seat is installed facing the rear of the car. Explain.
An object moves in a straight line at a constant speed. Is it true that there must be no forces of any kind acting on this object? Explain.
Three arrows are shot horizontally. They have left the bow and are traveling parallel to the ground as shown in Figure Q4.6. Air resistance is negligible. Rank in order, from largest to smallest, the
A ball sits near the front of a child's wagon. As she pulls on the wagon and it begins to move forward, the ball rolls toward the back of the wagon. Explain why the ball rolls in this direction.
A carpenter wishes to tighten the heavy head of his hammer onto its light handle. Which method shown in Figure Q4.7 will better tighten the head? Explain. FIGURE Q4.7
A circus clown hangs from one end of a large spring. The other end is anchored to the ceiling. Identify the forces on the clown.
Internal injuries in vehicular accidents may be due to what is called the "third collision." The first collision is the vehicle hitting the external object. The second collision is the person hitting
a. Give an example of the motion of an object in which the frictional force on the object is directed opposite to the motion. b. Give an example of the motion of an object in which the frictional
Suppose you are an astronaut in deep space, far from any source of gravity. You have two objects that look identical, but one has a large mass and the other a small mass. How can you tell the
Jonathan accelerates away from a stop sign. His eight-year-old daughter sits in the passenger seat. On whom does the back of the seat exert a greater force?
A skier is sliding down a 15° slope. Friction is not negligible. Identify the forces on the skier.
The weight of a box sitting on the floor points directly down. The normal force of the floor on the box points directly up. Need these two forces have the same magnitude? Explain.
A tennis ball is flying horizontally across the net. Air resistance is not negligible. Identify the forces on the ball.
A ball weighs 2.0 N when placed on a scale. It is then thrown straight up. What is its weight at the very top of its motion? Explain.
Josh and Taylor, standing face-to-face on frictionless ice, push off each other, causing each to slide backward. Josh is much bigger than Taylor. After the push, which of the two is moving faster?
A person sits on a sloped hillside. Is it ever possible to have the static friction force on this person point down the hill? Explain.
Walking without slipping requires a static friction force between your feet (or footwear) and the floor. As described in this chapter, the force on your foot as you push off the floor is forward
Figure P4.21 shows an object's acceleration-versus-force graph. What is the object's mass? a (m/s²) 4 لیا 2 1 0 FIGURE P4.21 0.0 0.5 1.0 - F (N)
A car has a maximum acceleration of 5.0 m/s2. What will the maximum acceleration be if the car is towing another car of the same mass?
A block has acceleration a when pulled by a string. If two identical blocks are glued together and pulled with twice the original force, their acceleration will be A. (1/4)a B. (1/2)a C. a D.
Two children fight over a 200 g stuffed bear. The 25 kg boy pulls to the right with a 15 N force and the 20 kg girl pulls to the left with a 17 N force. Ignore all other forces on the bear (such as
A 5.0 kg block has an acceleration of 0.20 m/s2 when a force is exerted on it. A second block has an acceleration of 0.10 m/s2 when subject to the same force. What is the mass of the second block?A.
A person gives a box a shove so that it slides up a ramp, then reverses its motion and slides down. The direction of the force of friction is A. Always down the ramp. B. Up the ramp and then down
A person is pushing horizontally on a box with a constant force, causing it to slide across the floor with a constant speed. If the person suddenly stops pushing on the box, the box will.A.
Rachel is pushing a box across the floor while Jon, at the same time, is hoping to stop the box by pushing in the opposite direction. There is friction between the box and floor. If the box is moving
Dave pushes his four-year-old son Thomas across the snow on a sled. As Dave pushes, Thomas speeds up. Which statement is true? A. The force of Dave on Thomas is larger than the force of Thomas on
Three ice skaters, numbered 1, 2, and 3, stand in a line, each with her hands on the shoulders of the skater in front. Skater 3, at the rear, pushes on skater 2. Identify all the action/reaction
Redraw the motion diagram shown in Figure P4.40, then draw a vector beside it to show the direction of the net force acting on the object. Explain your reasoning. FIGURE P4.40
A girl stands on a sofa. Identify all the action/reaction pairs of forces between the girl and the sofa.
A student draws the flawed free-body diagram shown in Figure P4.50 to represent the forces acting on a car traveling at constant speed on a level road. Identify the errors in the diagram, then draw a
A student draws the flawed free-body diagram shown in Figure P4.51 to represent the forces acting on a golf ball that is traveling upward and to the right a very short time after being hit off the
A beach ball is thrown straight up, and some time later it lands on the sand. Is the magnitude of the net force on the ball greatest when it is going up or when it is on the way down? Or is it the
When you are pulling on the rope as shown, what is the approximate direction of the tension force on the tree? A. North B. South C. East D. West
Assume that you are pulling on the rope but the car is not moving. What is the approximate direction of the force of the mud on the car? A. North B. South C. East D. West

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