Questions and Answers of Biology Science For Life With Physiology

When a woman is breastfeeding, the more her infant drinks, the more milk she produces. This is an example of _________.A. negative feedback; B. positive feedback;C. thermoregulation; D. independent
Bile _________.A. is stored in the pancreas; B. helps break down glycogen; C. emulsifies fats; D. removes water from indigestible materials in the large intestine; E. all of the above
Which of the following cell types is found in nervous tissue?A. osteocyte; B. melanocyte; C. leukocyte; D. neuron;E. brain and spinal cord.
Add labels to the figure that follows, which illustrates some of the human abdominal organs.
Propose a hypothesis for why shivering when cold may promote homeostasis.
How does the pancreas respond when you consume a sugary beverage?
Describe a nonbiological example of both negative and positive feedback.
The_________ branches into both the trachea and esophagus.
Food moves from the mouth to the pharynx to the esophagus to the _________.
Rhythmic contractions of smooth muscle called_________ help move a food bolus through the digestive tract.
_________is a slurry of food and enzymes in the stomach.
Most of the nutrients absorbed into the bloodstream move through the membranes of the _________ _________.
The paired_________ are the filtering organs of the urinary system.
Urine is stored in the urinary bladder and released through the _________.
The looped tubules in each kidney are _________.
Blood is brought to the kidneys by the _________ _________.
During excretion, urine leaves the kidneys and flows to the _________.
After a night of drinking at a party, your roommate appears to have passed out. He is seated at the end of a couch, slumped sideways on the armrest. The fingers of one hand are wrapped around the
List the hollow organs a piece of apple would move through as it makes its way through the digestive system, from its ingestion in the mouth to its excretion by the anus.
List the accessory organs in the digestive system.
Describe the main function of the kidney.
The pharynx _________.A. Forms the connection between the small and large intestine;B. Keeps swallowed food from entering the epiglottis;C. Connects the esophagus to the stomach;D. Branches to feed
Which of the following lists digestive processes in the correct order?A. Ingestion, absorption, peristalsis;B. Peristalsis, absorption, ingestion;C. Peristalsis, ingestion, absorption;D. Ingestion,
The pancreas _________.A. Secretes bile;B. Produces stomach acid;C. Secretes digestive enzymes;D. All of the above
True/False: Most of the digestion of nutrients occurs across the membrane that lines the interior stomach wall.
The villi that help absorb nutrients line the _________.A. Small intestine;B. Large intestine;C. Stomach;D. Pharynx
Blood enters the kidneys from the _________.A. Duodenal vein;B. Nephron;C. Renal artery;D. Gallbladder
Add labels to the figure that follows, which illustrates the urinary system.
Studies show that aspirin inhibits the alcohol dehydrogenase family of enzymes. What advice would you give a friend who thinks he should take aspirin before drinking alcohol?
When food goes “down the wrong tube” after swallowing, what path does it take?
When food is in the digestive tract, is it actually part of the body? Why or why not?
The pathway of air into the respiratory system begins with the pharynx, to the trachea, and finally into the________ and________ of the lungs.
Inhalation occurs when the muscular diaphragm ________, which________ the size of the chest cavity.
The alveoli in the lungs are the surface across which exchange of________ and________ ________ occurs.
Hemoglobin is a molecule that normally carries________ in the blood.
Emphysema is the result of damage that interferes with the process of________ ________ in the lungs.
Platelets in blood are a major component in the process of________ ________.
The sound of your heart beat is due to the opening and closing of two different types of heart ________.
Capillaries are the vessels where the majority of material and gas________ occurs between tissues and the blood stream.
The left side of the heart pumps blood to the ________; the right side pumps it to the ________.
A(n)_______ is a proposed explanation for how things work.
A statement that is “falsifiable” must be able to be________ ___________ .
A statement that is “testable” must be able to be evaluated through________ of the known universe.
Deductive reasoning relies on testing the__________ of a hypothesis test.
If a hypothesis test returns the predicted results, the hypothesis is supported but not definitively _____________.
A control in an experiment is a subject that is treated identically to the experimental subject except that the____________ _____________ is not applied.
The intent in a controlled experiment is to eliminate as many alternative ___________as possible.
Experimental___________ occurs when a researcher’s expectation affects data collection.
Bacteria, nematodes, and mice are model systems that allow us to perform ____________experiments on hypotheses that are difficult to test on humans.
A correlation between two factors does not necessarily mean that one factor ___________a change to the other factor.
Research reports describing the outcome of a hypothesis test published in scientific journals are referred to as___________ sources.
Scientific papers are not published in most journals until after they have undergone the process of_____________ review by other scientists in the field.
_____________evidence for hypotheses consist of individual’s claims about “what worked for them” and is not equivalent to research published in journals.
Instead of reading primary literature, most of us receive our scientific information from __________ _________.
News stories are less likely to be written about research that provides ___________supportive results of a hypothesis test.
Advertisements for skin care products often contain a phrase such as: “This product is clinically proven to. . . .” That statement may convince you to purchase a topical cream that claims to
Add labels to the figure that follows, which illustrates the characteristics of research participants in control versus experimental groups. Control group Experimental group Experiencing early cold
Which of the following is an example of inductive reasoning?A. All cows eat grass;B. My cow eats grass and my neighbor’s cow eats grass; therefore, all cows probably eatgrass;C. If all cows eat
A scientific hypothesis is ________.A. An opinion;B. A proposed explanation for an observation;C. A fact;D. Easily proved true;E. An idea proposed by a scientist
How is a scientific theory different from a scientific hypothesis?A. It is based on weaker evidence;B. It has not been proved true;C. It is not falsifiable;D. It can explain a large number of
One hypothesis states that eating chicken noodle soup is an effective treatment for colds. Which of the following results does this hypothesis predict?A. People who eat chicken noodle soup have
If I perform a hypothesis test in which I demonstrate that the prediction I made in question 5 is true, I have ________.A. Proved the hypothesis;B. Supported the hypothesis;C. Not falsified the
Control subjects in an experiment _______.A. should be similar in most ways to the experimental subjects;B. should not know whether they are in the control or experimental group;C. should have
An experiment in which neither the participants in the experiment nor the technicians collecting the data know which individuals are in the experimental group and which ones are in the control group
A relationship between two factors, for instance, between outside temperature and the number of people with active colds in a population, is known as a(n) _________.A. Significant result;B.
A primary source of scientific results is _______.A. The news media;B. Anecdotes from others;C. Articles in peer-reviewed journals;D. The Internet;E. All of the above
A story on your local news station reports that eating a 1-ounce square of milk chocolate each day reduces the risk of heart disease in rats and that this result is statistically significant. This
What features of the story on milk chocolate and heart health described in question 11 should cause you to consider the results less convincing?A. The study was sponsored by a large milk chocolate
There is a strong correlation between obesity and the occurrence of a disease known as type 2 diabetes—that is, obese individuals have a higher instance of diabetes than nonobese individuals do.
In an experiment examining vitamin C as a cold treatment, students with cold symptoms who visited the campus medical center either received vitamin C or were treated with over-the-counter drugs.
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a substance produced in the brain that helps nerve cells (neurons) to grow and survive. BDNF also increases the connectivity of neurons and improves
Living organisms contain a common set of biological ________.
The basic structural unit of all living things is the _______.
Living organisms must be able to grow, reproduce, and respond to _______.
__________includes all the chemical processes that occur in cells.
The ability to regulate metabolism and respond to changing conditions allows living organisms to maintain ________.
Negatively charged subatomic particles are called ________.
__________charged subatomic particles are called protons.
Atoms that are________ pull electrons toward themselves.
Pulling electrons closer to an atom produces________ charges.
Polar molecules dissolve in water and are hydrophilic, whereas nonpolar molecules tend to be ________.
The element_______ is found in all living organisms.
Carbon can make bonds with many other elements to produce more complex_______.
The kind of chemical bond that occurs when atoms share electrons is the _____bond.
The kind of chemical bond that involves a transfer of electrons is the _____bond.
Carbon has_____ unpaired electrons.
Proteins are composed of subunits called _____ _____.
Carbohydrates are composed of carbon,_____, and oxygen.
Fats are lipids that have three hydrocarbon rich_____ _____ tails.
Phospholipids are lipids that have_____ fatty acid tails and a phosphate group attached to the carbon skeleton.
_____are lipids that are composed of four fused rings.
The earliest cells on Earth were single celled, structurally simple _____.
The more complex_____ cells arose from simpler cells.
All organisms on Earth arose from a single common _____.
One way evolution can occur is by_____selection.
Evolutionary pressures select for organisms that are the best fit in their particular _____.
Recently, a supercomputer named "Watson" beat two champion contestants from the TV show Jeopardy. The computer answered questions on a wide variety of topics and was able to make wagers or sit out
List the four biological molecules commonly found in living organisms.
List the structural features in a prokaryotic cell.
Add labels to the figure that follows, which illustrates the subatomic particles associated with a carbon atom.

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