Questions and Answers of Biology Science For Life With Physiology

Which of the following does not occur during the light reactions of photosynthesis?A. Water is released;B. Electrons from chlorophyll are moved to a higher-energy state by light;C. ATP is produced;D.
Which of the following is a false statement about photosynthesis?A. During the light-independent reactions, electrons and ATP from the light reactions combine with atmospheric carbon dioxide to
Which of the following human activities generates the most carbon dioxide?A. Driving;B. Cooking;C. Bathing;D. Using aerosol sprays
Photorespiration occurs _________.A. Under hot and dry conditions;B. When oxygen is incorporated in the first step of the light-independent reactions;C. When carbon dioxide levels are high inside the
Select the true statement regarding metabolism in plant and animal cells.A. Plant and animal cells both perform photosynthesis and aerobic respiration;B. Animal cells perform aerobic respiration
During the last ice age, global temperatures were 4°C to 5°C lower than they are today. How would this temperature difference affect the water cycle?
Imagine an Earth without living organisms. How does this difference change the water cycle and the carbon cycle?
Before life evolved on Earth, there was very little oxygen in the air, primarily because oxygen is a very reactive molecule and tends to combine with other compounds.Explain why oxygen can be
Cells that undergo the normal division process, called _________, are most susceptible to cancer.
Some tumors are more dangerous than others._________ tumors are less dangerous because they stay in one place and do not invade surrounding tissues.
_________ tumors stay in one place but invade other tissues and can be more dangerous tumors.
_________ cancers are the most dangerous because they move from their original location through the blood or lymphatic system.
A high-fat,_________ -fiber diet increases cancer risk.
Reproduction that involves two parents producing offspring that have a unique combination of genes is called_________ reproduction.
Genes are located on structures called_________ and are composed of DNA.
A replicated chromosome is composed of two_________ chromatids.
The enzyme that replicates DNA is called _________ _________.
Sister chromatids are genetically_________ to each other.
The duplication and division of the chromosomes in the nucleus is called _________.
The division of the cytoplasm, called _________, differs in plant and animal cells.
The stage before mitosis, when chromosomes are replicated, is the_________ phase of interphase.
At metaphase of mitosis, replicated chromosomes align at the _________.
At anaphase of mitosis, the identical_________ _________ are pulled apart and each moves to one pole of the cell.
Proteins called_________ _________ prevent some cells from dividing when they should not.
When cell cycle regulating genes undergo _________, cells can divide uncontrollably.
To determine whether a lump is cancerous it can be removed and analyzed, a process called _________.
Chemicals that destroy rapidly dividing cells form the basis of a cancer treatment called _________.
High-energy particles are used to damage tumors during a cancer treatment called _________therapy.
1: A tanning salon located near campus gives a 20% discount to students. Two women on your dorm floor have been using the tanning beds. When you question the safety of this practice, your friends
Describe three ways that cancer cells differ from normal cells.
Add labels to the figure that follows, which illustrates duplicated chromosomes.
A cell that begins mitosis with 46 chromosomes produces daughter cells with _________ chromosomes.A. 13;B. 23;C. 46;D. 92
The centromere is a region at which _________.A. Sister chromatids are attached to each other;B. Metaphase chromosomes align;C. The tips of chromosomes are found;D. The nucleus is located
Mitosis _________.A. Occurs only in cancerous cells;B. Occurs only in skin cells;C. Produces daughter cells that are exact genetic copies of the parent cell;D. Results in the production of three
At metaphase of mitosis, _________.A. The chromosomes are condensed and found at the poles;B. The chromosomes are composed of one sister chromatid;C. Cytokinesis begins;D. The chromosomes are
Sister chromatids _________.A. Are two different chromosomes attached to each other;B. Are exact copies of one chromosome that are attached to each other;C. Arise from the centrioles;D. Are broken
DNA polymerase _________.A. attaches sister chromatids at the centromere;B. synthesizes daughter DNA molecules from fats and phospholipids;C. is the enzyme that facilitates DNA synthesis;D. causes
If a cell at G1 contains four picograms of DNA, how many picograms of DNA will it contain at the end of the S phase of the cell cycle?A. 0;B. 2;C. 4;D. 8
In what ways is the cell cycle similar in plant and animal cells, and in what ways does it differ?
If your father obtained a mutation to his skin cell from UV light exposure during his youth, could he have passed that mutation on to you?
Why are only certain cancers treated with radiation therapy while others are treated with chemotherapy?
One risk of radiation therapy is an increased likelihood of new tumors emerging 5 to 15 years later. Why might this treatment increase cancer risk?
Meiosis occurs in the gonads and gives rise to _________.
Human somatic cells have 46 chromosomes. Sperm and egg have_________ chromosomes.
Meiosis consists of two divisions. Meiosis I separates the members of one_________ _________ from each other.
Meiosis II separates the_________ _________ of one chromosome from each other.
The combination of chromosomes a gamete receives is shuffled each time meiosis occurs because the alignment of each homologous pair of chromosomes is _________.
Individuals with too many or too few chromosomes are_________ fertile than those with 46 chromosomes.
Failure of chromosomes to separate during meiosis can occur by _________.
The most common cause of infertility is decreasing numbers of_________ produced.
Gamete production decreases with_________ in males and females.
Time to pregnancy_________ with age in males and females.
Cells that will produce gametes undergo meiosis in the _________.
Sperm mature and develop a head, midpiece, and _________.
Sperm and secretions from various glands together make up the _________.
A mature egg cell is ovulated from the ovary into the _________.
The_________ secretes mucus that keeps sperm alive longer, in order to fertilize an egg cell.
Aisha and Jonah are newlyweds, both beginning graduate school programs at the same university. They are excited to start a family but would like to wait to have children until they both have jobs.
List several ways in which meiosis differs from mitosis.
Add labels to the figure that follows, which illustrates female internal reproductive organs.
What happens to the egg cell and the remains of the tissue it developed in at ovulation?
A sperm cell follows which path?A. Seminiferous tubules, epididymis, vas deferens, urethra;B. Urethra, vas deferens, seminiferous tubules, epididymis;C. Seminiferous tubules, vas deferens,
An egg cell that is not fertilized follows which path?A. Ovary, oviduct, uterus, cervix;B. Ovary, uterus, oviduct, cervix;C. Oviduct, ovary, cervix, uterus;D. Oviduct, ovary, uterus, cervix; E.
Which of the following is mismatched?A. Urethra: sperm passage;B. Testes: hormone production;C. Vas deferens: semen production;D. Seminiferous tubules: sperm production
The production of gametes __________.A. Begins at puberty in males and females;B. Requires that the testes of males produce semen;C. Results in the production of diploid cells from haploid cells;D.
If humans have 23 pairs of chromosomes, each carrying hundreds to thousands of genes, roughly how many genes are there in the human genome?A. 23;B. 46;C. 1000;D. 20,000;E. 200,000
Homologous pairs of chromosomes __________.A. Are two different chromosomes attached to each other;B. Are exact copies of one chromosome that are attached to each other;C. Are separated from each
After telophase I of meiosis, each daughter cell is __________.A. Diploid, and the chromosomes are composed of one double-stranded DNA molecule;B. Diploid, and the chromosomes are composed of two
The external female genitalia is often mistakenly referred to as the vagina, which is an internal passageway that abuts the cervix. What is the correct term for the female external genitalia?
How does untreated endometriosis result in lower fertility?
What hormone causes cervical secretions to become the type that aid sperm?
Each body cell has the same genes, but cells differ from each other because different genes are________ in each cell type.
Different versions of the same gene are called________ and these different versions are produced by ________.
A child carries one copy of each________ from each of his parents.
Each egg produced by a woman differs genetically from her other eggs because of the________ ________ of genes into gametes during meiosis.
That any sperm can theoretically fertilize any egg when two individuals pair is referred to as________ fertilization, which creates diversity in offspring.
The combination of alleles an individual possesses is referred to as his or her ________, whereas his or her outward appearance or function resulting from genetic composition is called his or her
An allele that is expressed even when an individual carries only one copy is referred to as ________.
An individual who carries two different alleles for the same gene is referred to as a________ for that gene.
In a cross between two heterozygotes, an offspring carrying two copies of the recessive allele is expected to occur________ percent of the time.
Predicting the likelihood of a particular genotype from a cross between two heterozygotes for two different genes requires a Punnett square with ________boxes.
When a heterozygote has a phenotype intermediate between two homozygotes, the allele is said to be________ dominant.
In sickle cell anemia, the disease-causing allele is not nonfunctional, it is present in________ form.
The alleles that determine A and B blood type are best described as ________, meaning that both are expressed in the heterozygote.
The ABO blood system also displays another common phenomenon—that any gene may have more than________ alleles.
Individuals with type O blood carry two copies of the ________allele for blood type.
In the Harry Potter books and movies, many of the characters who knew Harry’s parents tell him that he resembles his mother or note his similarity to his father in his willingness to bend the
What is the relationship between genotype and phenotype?
Add labels to the figure that follows, which illustrates a portion of the human life cycle. }
Which of the following statements correctly describe the relationship between genes and chromosomes?A. Genes are chromosomes;B. Chromosomes contain many genes;C. Genes are made up of hundreds or
An allele is a _________.A. Version of a gene;B. Dysfunctional gene;C. Protein;D. Spare copy of a gene;E. Phenotype
Sperm and eggs in humans always _________.A. Each have two copies of every gene;B. Each have one copy of every gene;C. Each contain either all recessive alleles or all dominant alleles;D. Are
Scientists have recently developed a process by which a skin cell from a human can be triggered to develop into a human heart muscle cell. This is possible because _________.A. Most cells in the
What is the physical basis for the independent assortment of alleles into offspring?A. There are chromosome divisions during gamete production;B. Homologous chromosome pairs are separated during
Among heritable diseases, which genotype can be present in an individual without causing a disease phenotype in that individual?A. Heterozygous for a dominant disease;B. Homozygous for a dominant
A woman is a carrier of the X-linked recessive color blindness gene. She has children with a man with normal color vision. Which of the following is true of their offspring?A. All the males will be
The pedigree in the figure below illustrates the inheritance of a sex-linked recessive trait. What is the genotype of individual II-5?A. XHXH;B. XHXh;C. XhXh;D. XHY;E. XhY = 1 2 3 4 5
Two parents both have brown eyes, but they have two children with brown eyes and two with blue eyes. How is it possible that two people with the same eye color can have children with different eye
Children born with cystic fibrosis have higher rates of lung infection as well as difficulty absorbing nutrients from food digested in the small intestine. Explain how this disease has two very
Draw a pedigree of a mating between first cousins and use the pedigree to explain why matings between relatives can lead to an increased likelihood of offspring with rare recessive diseases.

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