Questions and Answers of Biology Science For Life With Physiology

Water ___________.A. Is a good solute;B. Facilitates chemical reactions;C. Serves as an enzyme;D. Makes strong covalent bonds with other molecules;E. Consists of two oxygen and one hydrogen atoms
Electrons _________.A. Are negatively charged;B. Along with neutrons make up the nucleus;C. Are attracted to the negatively charged nucleus;D. Are not involved in ionic bonds;E. All of the above are
Which of the following terms is least like the others?A. Monosaccharide;B. Phospholipid;C. Fat;D. Steroid;E. Lipid
Different proteins are composed of different sequences of_________.A. Sugars;B. Lipids;C. Fats;D. Amino acids;E. Carbohydrates
Proteins may function as _________.A. Genetic material;B. Cholesterol molecules;C. Fat reserves;D. Enzymes;E. All of the above
A fat molecule consists of _________.A. Carbohydrates and proteins;B. Complex carbohydrates only;C. Saturated oxygen atoms;D. A carbon skeleton and fatty acids
Eukaryotic cells differ from prokaryotic cells in that only eukaryotic cells _________.A. Contain DNA;B. Have a plasma membrane;C. Are considered to be alive;D. Have a nucleus;E. Are able to evolve
Which of the following lists the chemical bonds from weakest to strongest?A. Hydrogen, covalent, ionic;B. Covalent, ionic, hydrogen;C. Ionic, covalent, hydrogen;D. Covalent, hydrogen, ionic;E.
Which of the following is not consistent with evolutionary theory?A. All living organisms share a common ancestor;B. The environment affects which organism survives to reproduce;C. Natural selection
Consider a virus composed of a protein coat surrounding a small segment of genetic material (either DNA or RNA).Viruses cannot reproduce without taking over the genetic"machinery" of their host cell.
It was a commonly held notion that humans should consume eight glasses of water a day until recent scientific evidence called this practice into question. What chemical properties of water do you
Carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, and nitrogen are common elements found in living organisms. Which two of the four types of macromolecules contain all four of these elements?
Nutrients are substances in food that provide structural materials or _________.
The macromolecules required as nutrients include _________, carbohydrates, and proteins.
Whole foods are more healthful than_________ foods because they do not undergo nutrient stripping alterations.
_________carbohydrates take longer to break apart than simple sugars.
_________is an important dietary constituent that helps regulate bowel function but is not a nutrient because it is not metabolized.
Proteins are made on workbench-like structures called_________.
Ribosomes can be found floating free in the cytosol or attached to the _________ _________.
In plant cells, structural support is provided by the _________ _________, which is exterior to the plasma membrane.
Both plant and animal cells contain energy-producing organelles called _________.
Only plant cells are able to harvest energy from the sun using organelles called _________.
Substances will move across a membrane until the concentration is equal on both sides of the membrane, a condition called _________.
It is difficult for many substances to cross cell membranes because the lipid bilayer has a_________ center.
Large molecules and_________ molecules cannot cross cell membranes unaided and require the help of proteins embedded in the membrane.
When substances move down their concentration gradient, no_________ is required.
To move a substance against its concentration gradient, protein_________ can be used.
Your parents gave you an African violet plant as a “dorm-warming” gift. The plant is not doing well. It is wilting and dropping leaves, even though you are watering it regularly. Your roommate
What are the two main functions of nutrients?
Add labels to the figure that follows, which illustrates some molecules that can and cannot pass through cell membranes unaided.
Macronutrients ___________.A. Include carbohydrates and vitamins;B. Should make up a small percentage of a healthful diet;C. Are essential in minute amounts to help enzymes function;D. Include
Which of the following is not a function of water?A. Dispersing nutrients throughout the body;B. Helping prevent cancer;C. Helping to regulate body temperature;D. Helping to regulate blood pressure
Micronutrients ___________.A. Include vitamins and carbohydrates;B. Are not metabolized to produce energy;C. Contain more energy than fatty acids;D. Can be synthesized by most cells
The main constituents of the plasma membrane are ___________.A. Carbohydrates and lipids;B. Proteins and phospholipids;C. Fats and carbohydrates;D. Fatty acids and nucleic acids
A substance moving across a membrane against a concentration gradient is moving by ___________.A. Passive transport;B. Osmosis;C. Facilitated diffusion;D. Active transport;E. Diffusion
A cell that is placed in salty seawater will ___________.A. Take sodium and chloride ions in by diffusion;B. Move water out of the cell by active transport;C. Use facilitated diffusion to break apart
Which of the following forms of membrane transport require specific membrane proteins?A. Diffusion;B. Exocytosis;C. Facilitated diffusion;D. Active transport;E. Facilitated diffusion and active
Which of the following cannot pass through the membrane without the help of a membrane protein?A. Carbon dioxide;B. Water;C. Oxygen;D. Charged molecules
A friend of yours does not want to eat meat, so instead she consumes protein shakes that she buys at a nutrition store. Can you think of a dietary strategy that would allow her to be a vegetarian
Studies have shown that as trans fat consumption increases, so does heart disease. If you were to use a line graph to show this relationship, which variable would be on the x axis and what would the
A vitamin-enriched water manufacturer claims that its product has all the vitamin C of an orange. What substances would you be missing from the vitamin water that you would get by eating an orange?
Enzymes are proteins that _________, or speed up, chemical reactions.
Enzymes only catalyze one reaction, a property called _________.
To catalyze a reaction, the enzyme binds its_________ and bends it slightly,placing stress on chemical bonds.
Enzyme-catalyzed reactions are prevented from occurring at a rapid rate at all times by the presence of a(n)_________ energy barrier.
The_________ metabolic rate is the energy use of a resting wakeful person.
Cellular respiration takes place in organelles called _________.
Cellular respiration produces energy cells can use, in the form of _________.
Oxygen enters cellular respiration and the gas_________ _________ isproduced.
Cellular respiration requires oxygen, making it a(n)_________ process.
Enzymes are proteins that are coded for by _________.
Self-starvation, or _________, can lead to permanent sterility.
Binge eating followed by purging is called _________.
The protein hormone_________ regulates hunger and alerts the brain ifthere is not enough body fat to support a pregnancy.
It appears that extreme_________ can alter leptin levels, leading toincreased difficulty with maintaining weight loss.
People who have lost weight by extreme dieting may require_________calories to maintain their weight than other similar sized people.
One ill-conceived strategy sometimes used for rapid weight loss is consumption of laxatives, which are designed to soften fecal matter, making it easier to defecate. Because defecation can make one
What is meant by the term induced fit?
Add labels to the figure that follows, which illustrates the breakdown of a disaccharide inside a cell.
What are the reactants and products of cellular respiration?
Which of the following is a false statement regarding enzymes?A. Enzymes are proteins that speed up metabolic reactions;B. Enzymes have specific substrates;C. Enzymes supply ATP to their
Enzymes speed up chemical reactions by _________.A. Heating cells;B. Binding to substrates and placing stress on their bonds;C. Changing the shape of the cell;D. Supplying energy to the substrate
What would happen if activation energy barriers didn’t exist?A. Substrates would not bind properly to enzymes;B. Chemical reactions in the body would never occur;C. Enzyme function would not be
Cellular respiration involves _________.A. The aerobic metabolism of sugars in the mitochondria by a process called glycolysis;B. An electron transport chain that releases carbon dioxide;C. The
The electron transport chain _________.A. Is located in the matrix of the mitochondrion;B. has the electronegative carbon dioxide at its base;C. Is a series of nucleotides located in the inner
Most of the energy in an ATP molecule is released _________.A. During cellular respiration;B. When the terminal phosphate group is hydrolyzed;C. In the form of new nucleotides;D. When it is
Anaerobic respiration _________.A. Generates proteins for muscles to use;B. Occurs in yeast cells only;C. Does not use oxygen as the final electron acceptor;D. Uses glycolysis, the citric acid cycle,
A friend decides he will eat only carbohydrates because carbohydrates are burned to make energy during cellular respiration. He reasons that he will generate more energy by eating carbohydrates than
If you could follow one carbon atom present in a carbohydrate you ingested and burned for energy, where would that carbon atom end up?
Carbon dioxide is one of several_______ gases.
More carbon dioxide in the atmosphere leads to more_______ trapped near Earth’s surface.
Liquid water, when heated, turns into _______.
Heat is a measure of the total molecular_______ within a material.
Higher temperatures have_______ the speed of the water cycle on Earth.
Carbon cycles among living organisms, the atmosphere, water, and _______.
Carbon dioxide taken up by plants and algae is converted into _______.
Fossil fuels include _______, _______, and _______ _______.
Air bubbles trapped in provide information about carbon dioxide levels on Earth in the distant past.
Compared with levels over the past 400,000 years, the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere today is _______ _______.
Photosynthesis transforms light energy into_______ energy.
Photosynthesis takes place within organelles called _______.
Water is used as a source of electrons in the light reactions, resulting in the production of_______ as a waste product.
The light energy absorbed by chlorophyll is used to generate NADPH and _______.
Energy and electrons generated by the light reactions of photosynthesis are used to make_______ from _______.
Pores called stomata on the leaf surface permit gas exchange but also the loss of_______ from the plant.
The size of stomatal openings can_______ due to the activities of guard cells.
Photorespiration is a wasteful process that results in the release of _______ _______.
Photorespiration is greatly reduced in plants with either _______or _______ photosynthesis.
Compared with trees, grasses absorb_______ carbon dioxide from the atmosphere.
In addition to warming the planet, excess carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is causing the oceans to become more _______.
The United States has 4% of the world’s population, but produces _______%of the emissions of carbon dioxide.
The majority of emissions from an individual country comes from industry.The second largest source of emissions is from _______.
Most people can make the largest reduction in their individual emissions by choosing the most efficient _______.
Political leaders may disagree on the most appropriate response to climate change, but it is unreasonable to disagree about the science, which tells us that global warming is _______.
1: After comparing the chemical equations for aerobic respiration and photosynthesis, students are sometimes tempted to say:Animals breathe by taking in oxygen and releasing carbon dioxide, while
Add labels to the figure that follows, which illustrates the product and reactants of photosynthesis and the relationship between its light reactions and light independent reactions. Light energy
Carbon dioxide functions as a greenhouse gas by _________.A. Interfering with water’s ability to absorb heat;B. Increasing the random molecular motions of oxygen;C. Allowing radiation from the sun
Water has a high heat-absorbing capacity because _________.A. The sun’s rays penetrate to the bottom of bodies of water, mainly heating the bottom surface;B. The strong covalent bonds that hold
The burning of fossil fuels _________.A. Releases carbon dioxide to the atmosphere;B. Primarily occurs as a result of human activity;C. Is contributing to global warming;D. Is possible thanks to
Stomata on a plant’s surface _________.A. Prevent oxygen from escaping;B. Produce water as a result of photosynthesis;C. Cannot be regulated by the plant;D. Allow carbon dioxide uptake into leaves;

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