Consider the conveyor system described in Problem 7.24, but under conditions for which the conveyor is not moving and the air is quiescent. Radiation effects and interactions between boundary layers...
Temperature distribution in a hot-wire anemometer, a hot-wire anemometer is essentially a fine wire, usually made of platinum, which is heated electrically and exposed to a flowing fluid. Its...
A cylindrical piece of 8640 steel is to be austenitized and quenched in moderately agitated oil. If the hardness at the surface of the piece must be at least 49 HRC, what is the maximum allowable...
A compressor brings R-134a from 150 kPa, -10oC to 1200 kPa, 50oC. It is water cooled with a heat loss estimated as 40 kW and the shaft work input is measured to be 150 kW. How much is the mass flow...
Hot water at 85C flows through a thin-walled copper tube of 30 mm diameter. The tube is enclosed by an eccentric cylindrical shell that is maintained at 35C and has a diameter of 120 mm. The...
Consider the clad fuel element of Problem 3.77. (a) Using appropriate relations from Tables C. 1 and C. 2 , obtain an expression for the temperature distribution T(x) in the fuel element. For k f =...
A solution is prepared by dissolving 0.5150 g of a solute (MW = 110.1) in 100.0 g of an organic solvent (MW = 94.10). The solution is observed to have a freezing point 0.41C below that of the pure...
There is a percentage of fuel in a fuelair mixture called the lower flammable limit (LFL), below which the mixture cannot be ignited. There is also an upper flammable limit (UFL), a percentage of...
A flat-bottomed hole 6 mm in diameter is bored to a depth of 24 mm in a diffuse, gray material having an emissivity of 0.8 and a uniform temperature of 1000 K. (a) Determine the radiant power leaving...
For the VOC stripping task of Exercise 6.26, the expert has suggested that we use a tower diameter of 0.80 m for which we can expect a pressure drop of 500 N/m2-m of packed height (0.612 in. H2O/ft)....
Determine Zi, Zo and Av for the network of Fig. 8.74 if yfs = 3000 μS and yos = 50 jus. +12 V 3.3 k2 10 1.1k
A pressure cylinder has a diameter of 150 mm and has a 6-mm wall thickness. What pressure can this vessel carry if the maximum shear stress is not to exceed 25 Mpa?
A 20-kg aluminum block initially at 200C is brought into contact with a 20-kg block of iron at 100C in an insulated enclosure. Determine the final equilibrium temperature and the total entropy change...
Consider an ideal gas at 400 K and 100 kPa. As a result of some disturbance, the conditions of the gas change to 404 K and 96 kPa. Estimate the change in the specific volume of the gas using (a) Eq....
Carbon dioxide, CO2, enters an adiabatic compressor at 100 kPa, 300 K, and exits at 1000 kPa, 520 K. Find the compressor efficiency and the entropy generation for the process.
Knowing that α =25°, determine the tension (a) In cable AC, (b) In rope BC. 5 kN
Gear C has a mass of 5 kg and a centroidal radius of gyration of 75 mm. The uniform bar AB has a mass of 3 kg and gear D is stationary. If the system is released from rest in the position shown,...
A stirred tank with volume V t? (L) is charged with V 1 (L) of a liquid. B. The space above the liquid (volume V g = V t ? V 1 ) is filled with a pure gas, A, at an initial pressure P 0 (atm). The...
The overhead system for a distillation column is shown in Figure. The composition of the total distillates is indicated, with 10 mol% of it being taken as vapor. Determine the pressure in the reflux...
The diagonal members in the center panels of the truss shown are very slender and can act only in tension; such members are known as counters. Determine the forces in the counters which are acting...
A 1.2-lb ball A is moving with a velocity vA when it is struck by a 2.4-lb ball B which has a velocity vB of magnitude vB = 18 ft/s. Knowing that the velocity of ball B is zero after impact and that...
An opaque surface, 2 m by 2 m, is maintained at 400 K and is simultaneously exposed to solar irradiation with G = 1200 W/m2 . The surface is diffuse and its spectral absorptivity is = 0, 0.8, 0, and...
The differential equation model for a particular chemical process has been found by testing to be as follows: where ? 1 and ? 2 are constant parameters and u(t) is the input function of time. What...
Superheated refrigerant R-134a at 20C, 0.5 MPa is cooled in a piston/cylinder arrangement at constant temperature to a final two-phase state with quality of 50%. The refrigerant mass is 5 kg, and...
When a jet strikes an inclined plate, it breaks into two jets of equal velocity V but unequal fluxes αQ at (2) and (1 α) Q at (3), as shown. Find α, assuming that the tangential...
The slab tongs shown are used to lift a 960-lb block of granite. Determine the forces exerted at D and F on tong BDF. -15.75 in 15.75 SA In 10 in
The uniform thin 5-lb disk spins at a constant rate w2 = 6 rad/s about an axis held by a housing attached to a horizontal rod that rotates at the constant rate w1 = 3 rad/s. Determine the couple...
An airfoil is in a free stream where p = 0.61atm, px, = 0.819 kg/m3, and Vx = 300 m/s. At a point on the airfoil surface, the pressure is 0.5atm; assuming isentropic flow calculates the velocity at...
A thin coating, which is applied to long, cylindrical copper rods of 10-mm diameter, is cured by placing the rods horizontally in a large furnace whose walls are maintained at 1300 K. The furnace is...
Numerical demonstration of the von Karman momentum balance (a) Evaluate the integrals in Eq. 4.4-13 numerically for the Blasius velocity profile given in Fig. 4.4-3. (b) Use the results of (a) to...
Calculate cp, cv, e, and h for (a) The stagnation point conditions given in Prob. 7.1 (b) Air at standard sea level conditions (If you do not remember what standard sea level conditions are, find...
The uniform ladder rests along the wall of a building at A and on the roof at B. If the ladder has a weight W and the surfaces at A and B are assumed smooth, determine the angle for equilibrium....
A thin semicircular plate has a radius a and a mass m. Determine the mass moment of inertia of the plate with respect to (a) The centroidal al axis BB′, (b) The centroidal axis CC′ that...
A process output is given by the following expression Because we know that the Laplace transform of the output can express the product of the process transfer function and the Laplace transform of...
A heated process is used to heat a semiconductor wafer operates with first-order dynamics, that is, the where K has units [?C/Kw] and ? has units [minutes]. The process is at steady state when an...
Two couples act on the frame. Determine the resultant couple moment. Compute the result by resolving each force into x and y components and (a) Finding the moment of each couple (Eq. 4-13) and (b)...
Applying high-emissivity paints to radiating surfaces is a common technique used to enhance heat transfer by radiation. (a) For large parallel plates, determine the radiation heat flux across the gap...
An aqueous acetic-acid solution containing 6.0 moles of acid per liter is to be extracted in the laboratory with chloroform at 25oC to recover the acid (B) from chloroform-insoluble impurities...
Carbon dioxide gas enters an adiabatic expander at 8 bar and 400oC and discharges at 1 bar. If the turbine efficiency is 0.75 what is the discharge temperature and what is the work output per mole of...
An irregularly shaped machine component is held in the position shown by three clamps. Knowing that 940 FA = N, determine the magnitudes of the forces FB and FC exerted by the other two clamps. Fo Fc
Engine oil flows at a rate of I kg/s through a 5-mm-diameter straight tube. The oil has an inlet temperature of 45C and it is desired to heat the oil to a mean temperature of 80C at the exit of the...
A 4-ft-long beam is subjected to a variety of loadings. (a) Replace each loading with an equivalent force-couple system at end A of the beam. (b) Which of the loadings are equivalent? 11
Consider the configuration of Example 3.8, where uniform volumetric heating within a stainless steel tube is induced by an electric current and heat is transferred by convection to air flowing...
A mixture of 40 mol% isopropanol in water is to be distilled at 1 atm by a simple batch distillation until 70 mol% of the charge has been vaporized (equilibrium data are given in Exercise 7.33). What...
The figure shows a conical compression helical coil spring where R1 and R2 are the initial and final coil radii, respectively, d is the diameter of the wire, and Na is the total number of active...
A house that is losing heat at a rate of 80,000 kJ/h when the outside temperature drops to 15C is to be heated by electric resistance heaters. If the house is to be maintained at 22C at all times,...
A toy skyrocket consists of a solid conical top of density t, a hollow cylinder of density c, and a stick having a circular cross section of density s. Determine the length of the stick, x, so that...
The 12-lb slender rod AB is pinned at A and Knowing that the diameter of the cylinder is 12.5 in. and that the coefficient of static friction is 0.35 between all surfaces of contact, determine the...
Joints of high quality can be formed by friction welding. Consider the friction welding of two 4O-mm-diameter Inconel rods. The bottom rod is stationary, while the top rod is forced into a...
A 20,000-liter storage tank was taken out of service to repair and reattach a feed line damaged in a collision with a tanker. The tank was drained and then opened several days later for a welder to...
Hydrogen gas is used in a process to manufacture a sheet material of 6-mm thickness. At the end of the process, H2 remains in solution in the material with a uniform concentration of 320 k mol/m3. To...
Consider a two-stage cascade refrigeration system operating between the pressure limits of 0.8 and 0.14 MPa. Each stage operates on the ideal vapor-compression refrigeration cycle with...
The square gate AB is held in the position shown by hinges along its top edge A and by a shear pin at B. For a depth of water d = 3.5 m, determine the force exerted on the gate by the shear pin. 1.8...
A 1-mm-thick square (100 mm x 100 mm) sheet of polymer is suspended from a precision scale in a chamber characterized by a temperature and relative humidity of T = 300 K and cp = 0, respectively....
The driveshaft of a buildings air-handling fan is turned at 300 RPM by a belt running on a 0.3 m diameter pulley,. The net force applied by the belt on the pulley is 2000 N. Determine the torque...
Circuit boards are mounted to interior vertical surfaces of a rectangular duct of height H = 400 mm and length L = 800 mm. Although the boards are cooled by forced convection heat transfer to air...
Effect of flow rate on exit temperature from a heat exchanger (a) Repeat parts (b) And (c) Of Problem 14A.2 for oil flow rates of 200, 400, 800, 1600, and 3200 lb m /hr. (b) Calculate the total heat...
Refrigerant-134a enters an adiabatic compressor at 15 psia and 20°F with a volume flow rate of 10 ft3/s and leaves at a pressure of 100 psia. The power input to the compressor is 45 hp. Find (a)...
A 15-g magnet D is released from rest in the position shown, falls a distance of 320 mm, and becomes attached at A to the 200-g steel bar AB. Assuming that the impact is perfectly plastic, determine...
A solution of diphenyl (MW = 154.2) in benzene is formed by mixing 56.0 g diphenyl with 550.0 mL of benzene. Estimate the effective vapor pressure of the solution at 30C and the melting and boiling...
Thermal imagers have radiation detectors that are sensitive to a spectral region and provide white-black or color images with shading to indicate relative temperature differences in the scene. The...
A process has the following block diagram representation (a) Will the process exhibit overshoot for a step change in u? Explain/demonstrate why r why not. (b) What will be the approximate maximum...
Two large steel plates at temperatures of 90? and 70?C are separated by a steel rod 0.3 m long and 2.5 cm in diameter. The rod is welded to each plate. The space between the plates is filled with...
The frame ACD is supported by ball-and-socket joints at A and D and by a cable that passes through a ring at B and is attached to hooks at G and H. Knowing that the frame supports at point C a load...
An experimental nuclear core simulation apparatus consists of a long thin-walled metallic tube of diameter D and length L, which is electrically heated to produce the sinusoidal heat flux...
A hot fluid at 35C is to be transported through a tube horizontally positioned in quiescent air at 25C. Which of the tube shapes, each of equal cross-sectional area, would you use in order to...
A tower, packed with Montz B1-200 metal structured packing, is to be designed to absorb SO2 from air by scrubbing with water. The entering gas, at an SO2-free flow rate of 6.90 lbmollh-ft2 of bed...
A process is described by the transfer function which includes actuator and measurement dynamics. The process engineering group has the option of redesigning the process to eliminate the right-half...
The pressure loading on the plate is described by the function p = {-240/(x + 1) + 340} Pa. Determine the magnitude of the resultant force and coordinates of the point where the line of action of the...
A Pennsylvania coal contains 74.2% C, 5.1% H, 6.7% O, (dry basis, mass percent) plus ash and small percentages of N and S. This coal is fed into a gasified along with oxygen and steam. The exiting...
A vacuum gage indicates that the pressure of carbon dioxide in a close tank is 10 kPa. A mercury barometer gives the local atmospheric pressure as 750 mmHg. Determine the absolute pressure of the...
An engineer desires to measure the thermal conductivity of an aero-gel material. It is expected that the aero-gel will have an extremely small thermal conductivity. (a) Explain why the apparatus of...
A slender 6-kg rod can rotate in a vertical plane about a pivot at B. A spring of constant k = 600 N/m and an un-stretched length of 225 mm is attached to the rod as shown. Knowing that the rod is...
A cylindrical specimen of cold-worked steel has a Brinell hardness of 250. (a) Estimate its ductility in percent elongation. (b) If the specimen remained cylindrical during deformation and its...
A 1.4-kg aluminum household iron has a 500 W heating element. The surface area is 0.046 m2. The ambient temperature is 21?C and the surface heat transfer coefficient is 11 W/(m2 K). How long after...
A solution is 0.200 M in Co2+ and 0.0650 M in Cd2+. Calculate (a) The Co2+ concentration in the solution as the first cadmium starts to deposit. (b) The cathode potential needed to lower the Co2+...
Replace the distributed loading by an equivalent resultant force and specify where its line of action intersects member AB, measured from A. Given: w1 = 200N/m w2 = 100N/m w3 = 200N/m a = 5 m b = 6 m...
Currently eighty-five percent of all neck injuries are caused by rear-ends car collisions. To alleviate this problem, an automobile seat restraint has been developed that provides additional pressure...
Dry air at 32C flows over a wetted plate of length 200 mm and width 1 m (case A). An imbedded electrical heater supplies 432 Wand the surface temperature is 27C. (a) What is the evaporation rate of...
Chain AB of length 6.4 m supports a horizontal, uniform steel beam having a mass per unit length of 85 kg/m. Determine (a) The horizontal distance a from A to the lowest point C of the chain, (b) The...
A combination of two drugs (hydrochlorothiazide and oxybutynin) is commonly used to regulate blood pressure in elderly patients. These two drugs mainly affect two physiological variables of the...
A colored substance (B) is to be removed from a mineral oil by adsorption with clay particles at 25oC. The original oil has a color index of 200 units/l00 kg oil, while the decolorized oil must have...
Engine oil flows at a rate of 0.5 kg/s through a 2.5 cm ID tube. The oil enters 25?C while the tube wall is at 100?C.(a) If the tube is 4 m long. Determine whether the flow is fully developed.(b)...
A mixture of helium and nitrogen with a nitrogen mass fraction of 35 percent is contained in a piston-cylinder device arranged to maintain a fixed pressure of 100 psia. Determine the work produced,...
An air-conditioning system operates at a total pressure of 1 atm and consists of a heating section and a humidifier that supplies wet steam (saturated water vapor) at 100oC. Air enters the heating...
To water seedlings, a gardener joins three lengths of pipe, AB, BC, and CD, fitted with spray nozzles and suspends the assembly using hinged supports at A and D and cable EF. Knowing that the pipe...
Consider the diffuse, gray, four-surface enclosure with all sides equal as shown. The temperatures of three surfaces are specified, while the fourth surface is well insulated and can be treated as a...
(a) For a liquid solution having a molar composition of ethyl acetate (A) of 80% and ethyl alcohol (E) of 20%, calculate the bubble-point temperature at 101.3kPa and the composition of the...
Ethylene (C2H4) is burned with 175 percent theoretical air during a combustion process. Assuming complete combustion and a total pressure of 14.5 psia, determine (a) The air-fuel ratio (b) The...
The figure illustrates a torsion-bar spring O A having a diameter d = 12 mm. The actuating cantilever AB also has d = 12 mm. Both parts are of carbon steel. Use superposition and find the spring rate...
The figure shows a formed sheet-steel bracket. Instead of securing it to the support with machine screws, welding has been proposed. If the combined stress in the weld metal is limited to 900 psi,...
It takes 16 s to raise a 2800-lb car and the supporting 650-lb hydraulic car-lift platform to a height of 6.5 ft. Knowing that the overall conversion efficiency from electric to mechanical power for...
Blocks A and B each have a mass of 0.4 kg and block C has a mass of 1.2 kg. The coefficient of friction between the blocks and the plane is k = 0.30. Initially block A is moving at a speed v0 = 3 m/s...
One g-mole of pure liquid sulfuric acid at temperature T0 (C) is mixed with r g-moles of liquid water, also at temperature T0 (C), in an adiabatic container. The final solution temperature is Ts (C)....
At a constant amplitude, completely reversed bending stress level, the cycles-to-failure experience with 69 specimens of 5160H steel from 1.25-in hexagonal bar stock was as follows: Where L is the...
A somewhat simplified flow diagram for a nuclear power plant shown in Fig. 1.4 is given in Fig. P6.102. Mass flow rates and the various states in the cycle are shown in the accompanying table. The...
Two 3-kg uniform bars are connected to form the linkage shown. Neglecting the effect of friction, determine the reaction at D immediately after the linkage is released from rest in the position shown.
A 24-kg uniform cylindrical roller, initially at rest, is acted upon by a 100-N force as shown. Knowing that the body rolls without slipping, determine (a) The velocity of its center G after it has...
Methane is burned with 25% excess air in a continuous adiabatic reactor. The methane enters the reactor at 25C and 1.10 atm at a rate of 5.50 Us and the entering air is at 150C and 1.1 atm....
For the network of Fig. 7.96, determine: a. IDQ and VGSQ. b. VDS and VS. 18 V 2.2 k DSS = 8 mA 1 GS 0 0.39 k -4V