Effect of mass transfer rate on the concentration profiles (a) Combine the result in Eq. 18.2-11 with that in Eq. 18.2-14 to get (b) Obtain the same result by integrating Eq. 18.2-1 directly using...
In Example 4.9, 83.25% of the oil in soybeans is leached by benzene using a single equilibrium stage. Calculate the percent extraction of oil if: (a) Two countercurrent equilibrium stages are used to...
Lewis, Gilliland, Chertow, and Hoffman [J. Am. Chem. Soc., 72, 1153-1 157 (1950)] measured adsorption equilibria for pure propane, pure propylene, and binary mixtures thereof, on activated carbon and...
A single V belt is to be selected to deliver engine power to the wheel-drive transmission of a riding tractor. A 5-hp single-cylinder engine is used. At most, 60 percent of this power is transmitted...
A heat pump is to be used for heating a house in winter. The house is to be maintained at 78F at all times. When the temperature outdoors drops to 25F, the heat losses from the house are estimated to...
A heat engine receives heat from a source at 1000C and rejects the waste heat to a sink at 50C. If heat is supplied to this engine at a rate of 100 kJ/s the maximum power this heat engine can produce...
Suppose that the fed-batch bioreactor in figure is converted to a continuous, stirred-tank bioreactor (also called a chemostat) by adding an exit stream. Assume that the inlet and exit streams have...
You have just accepted the position as CIO for Holiday Inn (Figure 3.7). As your first official act, the CEO has asked you to assess the corporation's computer operations and report back to her with...
Rod ABD is guided by wheels at A and B that roll in horizontal and vertical tracks. Knowing that at the instant shown n =60? and the velocity of wheel B is 800 mm/s downward, determine (a) The...
Heat conduction with temperature-dependent thermal conductivity (Fig. 10B.12) the curved surfaces and the end surfaces (both shaded in the figure) of the solid in the shape of a half-cylindrical...
As everyone who has used a fireplace knows when a fire burns in a furnace, a draft, or slight vacuum is induced that causes the hot combustion gases and entrained particulate matter to flow up and...
Let X (t) is zero-mean, stationary, Guassian process with autocorrelation function RX (). This process is applied to a square-law device, which is obtained by the input-output relation Y (t) = X2...
Block A has a weight of 100 lb and rests on a surface for which ? s = 0.25. If the coefficient of static friction between the cord and the fixed peg at C is ? s = 0.3, determine the greatest weight...
A block of mass 10 kg moves along a surface inclined 30 relative to the horizontal. The center of gravity of the block is elevated by 3.0 m and the kinetic energy of the block decreases by 50 J. The...
A 2-mm-thick piece of sheet steel is cut and bent into the machine component shown. Knowing that the density of steel is 7850 kg/m3, determine the mass moment of inertia of the component with respect...
Collars B and D are pin-connected to bar ABD and can slide along fixed rods. At the instant shown the angular velocity of bar ABD is zero and its angular acceleration is 12 rad/s2 clockwise....
Hot coffee is contained in a cylindrical thermos bottle that is of length L = 0.3 m and is lying on its side (horizontally). The coffee container consists of a glass flask of diameter D 1 = 0.07 m,...
Carbon-dioxide gas at 3 MPa and 500 K flows steadily in a pipe at a rate of 0.4 kmol/s, Determine (a) the volume and mass flow rates and the density of carbon dioxide at this state. If CO2 is cooled...
In low-speed incompressible flow, the peak pressure coefficient (at the minimum pressure point) on an NACA 0012 airfoil is 0.41. Estimate the critical Mach number for this airfoil, using the...
The flow of air to a gas-fired boiler furnace is regulated by a minicomputer controller. The fuel gases used in the furnace are mixtures of methane (A), ethane (B), propane (C), n-butane (D), and...
The basal rate of consumption of O2 by a 70-kg human is about 16 mol of O2 per day. This O2 oxidizes food and is reduced to H2O, providing energy for the organism: O2 + 4H+ + 4e- 2H2O (a) To what...
Pressure drop required for a pipe with fittings. What pressure drop is needed for pumping water at 20 o C through a pipe of 25 cm diameter and 1234 m length at a rate of 1.97 m/s? The pipe is at the...
Consider a point in a flow where the velocity and temperature are 1300 ft/s and 480R, respectively. Calculate the total enthalpy at this point.
If the force in each cable tied to the bin is 70 lb, determine the magnitude and coordinate direction angles of the resultant force.
Calculate the time needed for a constant current of 0.8510 A to deposit 0.250 g of Co(II) as (a) Elemental cobalt on the surface of a cathode. (b) Co3O4 on an anode. Assume 100% current efficiency...
A spherical droplet of alcohol, 0.5 mm in diameter, is falling freely through quiescent air at a velocity of 1.8 m/s. The concentration of alcohol vapor at the surface of the droplet is 0.0573 kg/m 3...
A procedure for determining the thermal conductivity of a solid material involves embedding a thermocouple in a thick slab of the solid and measuring the response to a prescribed change in...
On March 16, 1990, an Air Force SR-71 set a new continental speed record, averaging a velocity of 2112 mi/h at an altitude of 80,000 ft. Calculate the temperature (in degrees Fahrenheit) at a...
An electric furnace consisting of two heater sections, top and bottom, is used to heat treat a coating that is applied to both surfaces of a thin metal plate inserted midway between the heaters. The...
A closed combustion chamber is designed so that it maintains a constant pressure of 300 kPa during a combustion process. The combustion chamber has an initial volume of 0.5 m3 and contains a...
Knowing that at the instant shown bar DE has a constant angular velocity of 18 rad/s clockwise, determine (a) The acceleration of point B, (b) The acceleration of point G. -15.2 in.- A B 4 in. 8 in....
Consider a uniform quantizer characterized by the inputoutput relation illustrated Figure a. Assume that a Gaussian-distributed random variable with zero mean and unit variance is applied to this...
The evaporator section of a heat pump is installed in a large tank of water, which is used as a heat source during the winter. As energy is extracted from the water, it begins to freeze, creating an...
A bayonet cooler is used to reduce the temperature of a pharmaceutical fluid. The pharmaceutical fluid flows through the cooler, which is fabricated of 10-mm-diameter, thin-walled tubing with two...
Consider a large furnace with opaque, diffuse, gray walls at 3000 K having an emissivity of 0.85. A small, diffuse, spectrally selective object in the furnace is maintained at 300 K. For the...
Find V1 in the network shown. + V, 20 kQ 40 kQ V1
Boom AB is held in the position shown by three cables. Knowing that the tensions in cables AC and AD are 4 kN and 5.2 kN, respectively, determine (a) The tension in cable AE if the resultant of the...
A particle moves along the spiral shown. Determine the magnitude of the velocity of the particle in terms of b,, and . re=b
Suppose a UNIX disk block will hold 2048 disk addresses. What is the maximum-sized file using only the direct pointers? Single-indirection capability? Double-indirection capability?...
The two-member structure is connected at C by a pin, which is fixed to BDE and passes through the smooth slot in member AC. Determine the horizontal and vertical components of reaction at...
You are to design a packed column to absorb C02 from air into fresh, dilute-caustic solution. The entering air contains 3 mol% C02, and a 97% recovery of C02 is desired. The gas flow rate is 5,000...
Acetylene gas (C2H2) at 25C is burned during a steady-flow combustion process with 30 percent excess air at 27C. It is observed that 75,000 kJ of heat is being lost from the combustion chamber to the...
The condenser of a steam power plant consists of a square (in-line) array of 625 tubes, each of 25-mm diameters; consider conditions for which saturated steam at 0.105 bars condenses on the outer...
A random process X (t) is defined by X (t) = A cos (2? f c t), where A is a Gaussian-distributed random variable of zero means variance ?2A. This random process is applied to an ideal integrator,...
The hydrocarbon feed to a distillation column is a bubblepoint liquid at 300 psia with the mole fraction composition, C 2 = 0.08, C 3 = 0.15, nC 4 = 0.20, nC 5 = 0.27, nC 6 = 0.20, and nC 7 = 0.10....
Determine the surface area and volume of the solid formed by revolving the shaded area 360? about the z axis. 75 mm 50 mm 300 mm 400 mm 50 mm 75 mm
Here is an immunoassay to measure explosives such as trinitrotoluene (TNT) in organic solvent extracts of soil. The assay employs a flow cytometer, which counts small particles (such as living cells)...
A 25-kg iron block initially at 350C is quenched in an insulated tank that contains 100 kg of water at 18C. Assuming the water that vaporizes during the process condenses back in the tank determine...
A 50-kg iron block and a 20-kg copper block, both initially at 80°C, are dropped into a large lake at 15°C. Thermal equilibrium is established after a while as a result of heat transfer...
Consider a 300 mm x 300 mm window in an aircraft. For a temperature difference of 80C from the inner to the outer surface of the window, calculate the heat loss through L = 10-mm-thick polycarbonate,...
Two uniform disks of the same material are attached to a shaft as shown. Disk A has a weight of 10 lb and a radius r = 6 in. Disk B is twice as thick as disk A. Knowing that a couple M of magnitude...
In a coal gasification process, carbon (the primary constituent of coal) reacts with steam to produce carbon monoxide and hydrogen (synthesis gas). The gas may either be burned or subjected to...
The three forces acting on the block each have a magnitude F1 = F2 = F3. Replace this system by a wrench and specify the point where the wrench intersects the z axis, measured from point O. Given: F1...
An elastic balloon behaves such that pressure is proportional to diameter and the balloon contains 0.5 kg air at 200 kPa, 30C. The balloon is momentarily connected to an air line at 400 kPa,...
Two channels and two plates are used to form the column section shown. Determine the moments of inertia and the radii of gyration of the combined section with respect to the centroidal axes shown....
Two configurations are being considered in the design of a condensing system for steam at 1 atm employing a vertical plate maintained at 90C. The first configuration is a single vertical plate L X...
Two friction disks A and B are brought into contact when the angular velocity of disk A is 240 rpm counterclockwise and disk B is at rest. A period of slipping follows and disk B makes 2 revolutions...
A polyisoprene membrane of 0.8-pm thickness is to be used to separate a mixture of methane and H2. Using the data in able 14.9 and the following compositions, estimate the mass transfer flux of each...
A rectangular aluminum bar 12 mm thick and 50 mm wide is welded to fixed supports at the ends, and the bar supports a load W = 3.5 kN, acting through a pin as shown. Find the reactions at the...
At a given point in a flow, T = 700oR, p = 1.6atm, and V = 2983 ft/s. At this point, calculate the corresponding values of p0, T0, p*, T*, and M*.
For each section illustrated, find the second moment of area, the location of the neutral axis, and the distances from the neutral axis to the top and bottom surfaces. Suppose a positive bending...
Benzene, a known carcinogen, has been spilled on the laboratory floor and has spread to a length of 2 m. If a film 1 mm deep is formed, how long will it take for the benzene to completely evaporate?...
The temperature and pressure at the stagnation point of a high-speed missile are 934R and 7.8atm, respectively. Calculate the density at this point.
The manometer fluid in Fig P3.157 is mercury. Estimate the volume flow in the tube if the flowing fluid is (a) gasoline and (b) nitrogen, at 20°C and 1 atm. 3in (1) (2 )
What is the net force acting on a car cruising at a constant velocity of 70 km/h (a) On a level road and (b) On an uphill road?
It is desired to fabricate a continuous and aligned glass fiber-reinforced polyester having a tensile strength of at least 1400MPa (200,000 psi) in the longitudinal direction. The maximum possible...
During the 1960s, a major restructuring of the tax code decreased taxes for most people. Also during these years, the war in Vietnam required increased government purchases. a. Which components of...
The two blocks under the double wedge are brought together using a left and right square-threaded screw. If the mean diameter is d, the lead is rl, and the coefficient of static friction is s ,...
Fully developed conditions are known to exist for water flowing through a 25-mm-diameter tube at 0.01 kg/s and 27C. What is the maximum velocity of the water in the tube? What is the pressure...
The standard heat of the reaction 4 NH 3 (g) + 5O 2 (g) 4 NO (g) + 6 H 2 O (g) is H t = 904.7 kJ/mol (a) Briefly explain what that means. Your explanation may take the form When ______ (specify...
Consider a cylindrical cavity of diameter D = 100 mm and depth L = 50 mm whose sidewall and bottom are diffuse and gray with an emissivity of 0.6 and are at a uniform temperature of 1500 K. The top...
Following is tabulated data that were gathered from a series of Charpy impact tests on a ductile cast iron. (a) Plot the data as impact energy versus temperature. (b) Determine a ductile-to-brittle...
The cable will break when the maximum tension reaches Tmax. Determine the minimum sag h if it supports the uniform distributed load w. Given: kN = 103 N Tmax = 10 kN w = 600N/m a = 25 m a
The concentration of oxygen in a 5000-liter tank containing air at 1 atm is to be reduced by pressure purging prior to charging a fuel into the tank, the tank is charged with nitrogen up to a high...
A stream of propane at an average temperature T = 566?R and absolute pressure P = 6.8 atm flows from a hydrocarbon processing plant to a nearby customer?s production facility. A technician at the...
Penicillin is produced by fermentation and recovered from the resulting aqueous broth by extraction with butyl acetate. The penicillin distribution coefficient K (mass fraction of penicillin in the...
A parallel chord Pratt truss is loaded as shown. Determine the force in members CE, DE, and DF. ESEN GAN AN 1SIN
Assuming the upward reaction of the ground on beam AB to be uniformly distributed, (a) Draw the shear and bending-moment diagrams, (b) Determine the maximum absolute values of the shear and bending...
Ethyl alcohol (ethanol) can be produced by the fermentation of sugars derived from trains and other agricultural products. Some countries without large petroleum and natural as reservessuch as...
The weldment shown in the figure is subjected to an alternating force F. The hot-rolled steel bar is 10 mm thick and is of AISI 1010 steel. The vertical support is likewise of 1010 steel. The...
Steam enters a turbine at 12 MPa, 550°C, and 60 m/s and leaves at 20 kPa and 130 m/s with a moisture content of 5 percent. The turbine is not adequately insulated and it estimated that heat is...
A chairlift has been stopped in the position shown. Knowing that each chair weighs 300 N and that the skier in chair F weighs 800 N, determine the weight of the skier in chair E 285 14
Derivation of the equations of change by integral theorems (Fig. 3D.1) (a) A fluid is flowing through some region of 3-dimensional space. Select an arbitrary "blob" of this fluid that is, a region...
Estimate the heat of vaporization of ethyl benzene at its normal boiling point using Troutons rule and Chens rule and compare the results with a tabulated value of this quantity. Then estimate Hv at...
Growers use giant fans to prevent grapes from freezing when the effective sky temperature is low. The grape, which may be viewed as a thin skin of negligible thermal resistance enclosing a volume of...
Three loads are suspended from cable ABCDE. Determine distance dC knowing that the maximum tension in the cable is 5 kips. 15 ft-15 ft-15 ft -15 ft E. dy de 0.4 kip 12 kips os kip
A system consists of nitrogen (N2) in a piston-cylinder assembly, initially at p1 = 20 lbf/in2.and occupying a volume of 2.5ft3. The nitrogen is compressed to p2 = 100 lbf/in2 and final volume of 1.5...
Disintegration of wood chips (Figure 7B.11). In the manufacture of paper pulp the cellulose fibers of wood chips are freed from the lignin binder by heating in alkaline solutions under pressure in...
The power spectral density of a narrowband noise n (t) is as shown in Figure. The carrier frequency is 5 HZ. (a) Find the power spectral densities of the in-phase and quadrature components of n (t)....
Find the maximum values of the spring force and deflection of the impact system shown in the figure if W = 30 lbf, k = 100 lbf/in, and h = 2 in. Ignore the mass of the spring and solve using...
Acetic acid can be manufactured by combining methanol with carbon monoxide, an example of a carbonylation reaction: (a) Calculate the equilibrium constant for the reaction at 25°C. (b)...
A 13.6-kg block is supported by the spring arrangement shown. If the block is moved from its equilibrium 44 mm vertically downward and released, determine (a) The period and frequency of the...
In order to initiate a process operation, an infrared motion sensor (radiation detector) is employed to determine the approach of a hot part on a conveyor system. To set the sensor's amplifier...
Find the complete time-domain solutions for the following differential equations using Laplace transforms: (d) A process is described by two differential equations If x 1 = e ?t and x 2 = 0, what can...
Using superposition for the bar shown, determine the minimum diameter of a steel shaft for which the maximum deflection is 2mm. 20 375 N I 550 N 375 N 0
A drum of 4-in. radius is attached to a disk of 8-in. radius. The disk and drum have a total weight of 10 lb and combined radius of gyration of 6 in. A cord is attached as shown and pulled with a...
An insulated rigid tank is divided into two equal parts by a partition. Initially, one part contains 5 kmol of an ideal gas at 250 kPa and 40C, and the other side is evacuated. The partition is now...
Bar AB is rotating counterclockwise and, at the instant shown, the magnitude of the velocity of point G is 2.5 m/s. Determine the angular velocity of each of the three bars at that instant. 150 mm 60...
The worm shaft shown in part a of the figure transmits 1.35 hp at 600 rev/min. A static force analysis gave the results shown in part b of the figure. Bearing A is to be an angular-contact ball...
The 400-lb crate shown is lowered by means of two overhead cranes. Knowing that at the instant shown the deceleration of cable A is 3 ft/s2 and that of cable B is 1 ft/s2, determine the tension in...