One end of a 0.3 m long steel rod is connected to a wall at 204?C. The other end is connected to a wall which is maintained at 93?C. Air is blown across the rod so that a heat transfer coefficient of...
Pumping a hydrochloric acid solution (Fig. 7A.2), a dilute HC1 solution of constant density and viscosity ( p = 62.4lb m /ft 3 , = 1 cp) is to be pumped from tank I to tank 2 with no overall change...
Radiant heating requirement, a shed is rectangular in shape, with the floor 15 ft by 30 ft and the roof 7.5 ft above the floor. The floor is heated by hot water running through coils. On cold winter...
Sodium bicarbonate is synthesized by reacting sodium carbonate with carbon dioxide and water at 70C and 2.0 atm gauge: Na 2 CO 3 + CO 2 + H 2 0 2 NaHCO 3 an aqueous solution containing 7.00 wt%...
A speech signal has a total duration of 10 s. It is sampled at the rate of 8 kHz and then encoded. The signal-to-(quantization) noise ratio is required to be 40 dB. Calculate minimum storage capacity...
A 2000-liter tank initially contains 400 liters of pure water. Beginning at t = 0, an aqueous solution containing 1.00 g/L of potassium chloride flows into the tank at a rate of 8.00 L/s and an...
You are asked to design a packed column to recover acetone from air continuously, by absorption with water at 60F. The air contains 3 mol% acetone, and a 97% recovery is desired. The gas flow rate is...
Determine the mass moment of inertia Iy of the solid formed by revolving the shaded area around the axis. The total mass of the solid is 1500kg. 4 m 2 m
A certain natural gas has the following volumetric analysis: 65 percent CH4, 8 percent H2, 18 percent N2, 3 percent O2, and 6 percent CO2. This gas is now burned completely with the stoichiometric...
Viscous heating in a ball-point pen, you are asked to decide whether the apparent decrease in viscosity in ball-point pen inks during writing results from "shear thinning" (decrease in viscosity...
You are performing an experiment in which the concentration, CA, of a reactive species is measured as a function of time, t, at several temperatures, T. At a fixed temperature, CA varies with t...
A helicopter is flying with a constant horizontal velocity of 90 mi/h and is directly above point A when a loose part begins to fall. The part lands 6.5 s later at point B on an inclined surface....
Some consequences of the Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution, in the simplified kinetic theory in S1.4, several statements concerning the equilibrium behavior of a gas were made without proof. In this...
One thousand cubic feet per hour of a 10 mol% NH3 in air mixture is required to produce nitrogen oxides. This mixture is to be obtained by desorbing an aqueous 20 wt% NH3 solution with air at 20C....
The same tank from Prob. 2.139 is now accelerating while rolling up a 30° inclined plane, as shown. Assuming rigid body motion, compute (a) The acceleration a, (b) Whether the acceleration is up...
Steady-state creep data taken for a stainless steel at a stress level of 70MPa (10,000psi) are given If it is known that the value of the stress exponent n for this alloy is 7.0, compute the...
A pressure-measuring device has been analyzed and can be described by a model with the structure shown in figure a. In other words1 the device responds to pressure changes as if it were a first-order...
Wind energy has been used since 4000 BC to power sailboats, grind grain, pump water for farms, and, more recently, generate electricity. In the United States alone, more than 6 million small...
A man attempts to lift the uniform ladder of weight W to an upright position by applying a force P perpendicular to the ladder at rung R. Determine the coefficient of static friction between the...
Below is a list of fields from a classic process descriptors. In a modern process model with threads and processes, say whether each field should be implemented in the process or thread descriptor....
A 2-kW electric resistance heater in a room is turned on and kept on for 30 min. The amount of energy transferred to the room by the heater is (a) 1 kJ (b) 60 kJ (c) 1800 kJ (d) 3600 kJ (e) 7200 kJ
Given vectors A = x + y2 _ z3, B = x2 _ y4, and C = y2 _z4, find (a) A and a, (b) The component of B along C, (c) AC, (d) A x C, (e) A. (B ^ C), (f) A x (B x C), (g) x x B, and (h) (A x y) z.
Groundwater at a flow rate of 1,500 gpm, containing three volatile organic compounds (VOCs), is to be stripped in a trayed tower with air to produce drinking water that will meet EPA standards....
Driving an automobile safely requires a large amount of individual skill. Even if not generally recognized, the driver needs an intuitive ability to utilize feedforward and feedback control methods....
Find the power spectral density of an offset QPSK signal produced by a random binary sequence in which symbols 1 and 0 (represented by + 1) are equally likely, and the symbols in different time slots...
From the Kb values for phosphate in Equations 6-32 through 6-34, calculate the three Ka values of phosphoric acid.
Find Vaf and Vec in the circuit shown. +1 V 12 V 3 V 2 W -2V + -1V e
An air-conditioning system requires a 20-m-long section of 15-cm diameter duct work to be laid underwater. Determine the upward force the water will exert on the duct. Take the densities of air and...
A triangular plate made of homogeneous material has a constant thickness which is very small. If it is folded over as shown, determine the location zc of the plate's center of gravity G. Given a = 6...
The components of a vertical circuit board, 150 mm on a side, dissipate 5 W. The back surface is well insulated and the front surface is exposed to quiescent air at 27C. Assuming a uniform surface...
Heat loss by free convection from a horizontal pipe immersed in a liquid, estimate the rate of heat loss by free convection from a unit length of a long horizontal pipe, 6 in. in outside diameter, if...
On a cold winter day the temperature is 2C and the relative humidity is 15%. You inhale air at an average rate of 5500mL/min and exhale a gas saturated with water at body temperature, roughly 37C. If...
The handle of the sector press is fixed to gear G, which in turn is in mesh with the sector gear C. Note that AB is pinned at its ends to gear C and the underside of the table EF, which is allowed to...
Sub-limitation of small iodine spheres in still air. A sphere of iodine, 1 cm in diameter, is placed in still air at 40C and 747 mm Hg pressure. At this temperature the vapor pressure of iodine is...
The 50-mm peephole of a large furnace operating at 450C is covered with a material having = 0.8 and p = 0 for irradiation originating from the furnace. The material has an emissivity of 0.8 and is...
Solve Prob. 630 except let w1 = 2.5 in, w2 = 1.5 in, and the force fluctuates between a tension of 16 kips and a compression of 4 kips. Prob. 630, The figure shows the free-body diagram of a...
In Fig P3.154 the exit nozzle is horizontal. If losses are negligible, what should the water level h cm be for the free jet to just clear the wall? R0 c 80 cm Thin wall o em
Large wind turbines with blade span diameters of over 100 m are available for electric power generation. Consider a wind turbine with a blade span diameter of 100 m installed at a site subjected to...
Adiabatic flow of natural gas in a pipeline, recalculate the power requirement wW in Example 15.4-2 if the flow in the pipeline were adiabatic rather than isothermal. (a) Use the result of Problem...
One thousand kilograms of a 30 wt% dioxane in water solution is to be treated with benzene at 25oC to remove 95% of the dioxane. The benzene is dioxane-free, and the equilibrium data of Example 5.2...
Consider a tie rod transmitting a tensile force F. The corresponding tensile stress is given by = F/A, where A is the area of the cross section. The deflection of the rod is given by Eq. (43), which...
A beam is made up by bolting together two cold-drawn bars of AISI 1018 steel as a lap joint, as shown in the figure. The bolts used are ISO 5.8. Ignoring any twisting, determine the factor of safety...
A frictionless pistoncylinder device and a rigid tank initially contain 12 kg of an ideal gas each at the same temperature, pressure, and volume. It is desired to raise the temperatures of both...
Ethylene (C2H4) gas enters an adiabatic combustion chamber at 25C and 1 atm and is burned with 20 percent excess air that enters at 25C and 1 atm. The combustion is complete, and the products leave...
A 320-lb load of lumber is lifted using a triple leg sling. Knowing that at the instant shown the lumber is at rest determine the tension in each leg of the sling. 631
Radial flow through a porous medium (Fig. 4C.4), a fluid flows through a porous cylindrical shell with inner and outer radii R 1 and R 2 , respectively. At these surfaces, the pressures are known to...
The surface of glass quickly develops very small micro cracks when exposed to high humidity. Although micro cracks can be safely ignored in most applications, they can significantly decrease the...
Determine by the Kremser method the separation that can be achieved for the absorption operation indicated in Figure for the following combinations of conditions: (a) Six equilibrium stages and 75...
Water is boiled at sea level in a coffee maker equipped with an immersion-type electric heating element. The coffee maker contains 1 L of water when full. Once boiling starts, it is observed that...
Calculate the percentage error obtained if Prob. 7.9 is solved using (incorrectly) the incompressible Bernoulli equation.
Consider a vertical elevator whose cabin has a total mass of 800 kg when fully loaded and 150 kg when empty. The weight of the elevator cabin is partially balanced by a 400-kg counterweight that is...
Hot air flows from a furnace through a 0.15-m-diameter, thin-walled steel duct with a velocity of 3 m/s. The duct passes through the crawlspace of a house, and its uninsulated exterior surface is...
A bag is gently pushed off the top of a wall at A and swings in a vertical plane at the end of a rope of length l Determine the angle for which the rope will break, knowing that it can withstand a...
Force on a surface of arbitrary orientation? (Figure 1D.2) Consider the material within an element of volume OABC that is in a state of equilibrium, so that the sum of the forces acting on the...
Consider the radial diffusion of a gaseous species (A) through the wall of a plastic tube (B), and allow for chemical reactions that provide for the depletion of A at a rate NA (k mol/s m3). Derive...
Ethylene vapor is cooled at atmospheric pressure from 830 to 35oC by direct heat transfer to the surroundings at a temperature of 25oC. With respect to this surroundings temperature, what is the lost...
A rectangular aluminum bar 10 mm thick and 60 mm wide is welded to fixed supports at the ends, and the bar supports a load W = 4 kN, acting through a pin as shown. Find the reactions at the supports...
Standard addition. A particular CO2 compound electrode like the one in Figure 14-28 obeys the equation E = constant - [RT (ln 10)/2F] log[CO2], where R is the gas constant, T is temperature (303.15...
Consider a coal-fired steam power plant that produces 300 MW of electric power. The power plant operates on a simple ideal Rankine cycle with turbine inlet conditions of 5 MPa and 450C and a...
A gear reduction system consists of three gears A, B, and C. Gear A starts from rest at time t = 0 and rotates clockwise with constant angular acceleration. Knowing that the angular velocity of gear...
The velocity field given in Prob. 2.3 is called source flow. For source flow, calculate: (a) The time rate of change of the volume of a fluid element per unit volume (b) The vorticity
A sphere of 25-mm diameter contains an embedded electrical heater. Calculate the power required to maintain the surface temperature at 94C when the sphere is exposed to a quiescent medium at 20C for:...
A uniform rod of length L and mass m is supported as shown with b = 0.2 L when the cable attached to end B suddenly breaks. Determine at this instant (a) The acceleration of end B, (b) The reaction...
Alternate form of the equation of motion show that, for an incompressible Newtonian fluid with constant viscosity, the equation of motion may be put into the form where 4p plw:wy:y) y = Vv + (Vv) and...
Two systems contain water, acetone, and methyl isobutyl ketone in equilibrium at 25C. The first system contains equal masses of the three species, and the second one contains 9.0% acetone, 21.0%...
A torque of T = 1000 lbf ?in is applied to the shaft EFG, which is running at constant speed and contains gear F. Gear F transmits torque to shaft ABCD through gear C, which drives the chain sprocket...
Recovering and reusing organic solvents (rather than discharging the solvents in waste streams) is an important part of the operation of most chemical plants. The magnitude of these recovery efforts...
A new asymmetric, polyimide, polymer membrane has been developed for the separation of N2 from CH4. At 30C, permeance values are 50,000 and 10,000 barrer/cm for N2 and CH4, respectively. If this new...
Determine the resultant of the three forces of Prob. 2.21. Problem 2.21: Determine the x and y components of each of the forces shown. 24 kN 30 1.85 kN 20 35 1.40 kN
A flat roof can be modeled as a flat plate insulated on the bottom and placed in the sunlight. If the radiant heat that the roof receives from the sun is 600 W/m2, the convection heat transfer...
During the isothermal heat rejection process of a Carnot cycle, the working fluid experiences an entropy change of 0.7 Btu/R. If the temperature of the heat sink is 95°F, determine (a) The amount...
Knowing that at the instant shown the angular velocity of rod BE is 4 rad/s counterclockwise, determine (a) The angular velocity of rod AD, (b) The velocity of collar D, (c) The velocity of point A....
Five mol of calcium carbide arc combined with 10 mol of water in a closed, rigid, high pressure vessel of 1800 cm3 internal empty volume. Acetylene gas is produced by the reaction: CaC2(s) + 2H2O(t)...
A household oven door of 0.5-m height and 0.7-m width reaches an average surface temperature of 32C during operation. Estimate the heat loss to the room with ambient air at 22C. If the door has an...
The spectral transmissivity of plain and tinted glass can be approximated as follows: Plain glass: = 0.9 0.3 < < 2.5m Tinted glass: = 0.9 0.5 < < 1.5m Outside the specified wavelength ranges, the...
Refrigerant-134a enters the compressor of a refrigerator at 140 kPa and -10C at a rate of 0.3 m3/min and leaves at 1 MPa. The isentropic efficiency of the compressor is 78 percent. The refrigerant...
The air in a room has a dry-bulb temperature of 22C and a wet-bulb temperature of 16C. Assuming a pressure of 100 kPa, determine (a) The specific humidity, (b) The relative humidity, and (c) The...
The 4-oz pin B slides along the slot in the rotating arm OC and along the slot DE which is cut in a fixed horizontal plate. Neglecting friction and knowing that arm OC rotates at a constant rate te...
Consider a diamond-wedge airfoil such as shown in Fig. 9.27, with a half-angle = 10. The airfoil is at an angle of attack = 15 to a Mach 3 free stream. Calculate the lift and wave-drag coefficients...
Three cubic meters of a 1.00-molar aqueous sulfuric acid solution (SG = 1.064) is stored at 25C. Use data in Tables B.1 and B.11 to calculate the standard heat of formation of the solution in kJ/mol...
The vertical force F acts downward at A on the two membered frame. Determine the magnitudes of the two components of F directed along the axes of AB and AC. Set F = 350 lb. 30
A steam power plant receives heat from a furnace at a rate of 280 GJ/h. Heat losses to the surrounding air from the steam as it passes through the pipes and other components are estimated to be about...
A pipeline, used for the transport of crude oil, is buried in the earth such that its centerline is a distance of 1.5 m below the surface. The pipe has an outer diameter of 0.5 m and is insulated...
A river flowing steadily at a rate of 240 m3/s is considered for hydroelectric power generation. It is determined that a dam can be built to collect water and release it from an elevation difference...
A nickel-coated heater element with a thickness of 15 mm and a thermal conductivity of 50W/m K is exposed to saturated water at atmospheric pressure. A thermocouple is attached to the back surface,...
The refrigeration system of Fig. P11-123 is another variation of the basic vapor-compression refrigeration system which attempts to reduce the compression work. In this system, a heat exchanger is...
At winter design conditions, a house is projected to lose heat at a rate of 60,000 Btu/h. The internal heat gain from people, lights, and appliances is estimated to be 6000 Btu/h. If this house is to...
The silo has a weight W, a center of gravity at G and a radius r. Determine the vertical component of force that each of the three struts at A, B, and C exerts on the silo if it is subjected to a...
The machine base shown has a mass of 75 kg and is fitted with skids at A and B. The coefficient of static friction between the skids and the floor is 0.30. If a force P of magnitude 500 N is applied...
A half section of a uniform thin pipe of mass m is at rest when a force P is applied as shown. Assuming that the section rolls without sliding, determine (a) Its initial angular acceleration, (b) The...
A single distillation column for separating a three component mixture into three products is shown in Figure. Are the design variables shown sufficient to specify the problem completely? If not, what...
A distillation column having eight theoretical stages (seven in the column + partial reboiler + total condenser) is being used to separate 100 krnol/h of a saturated-liquid feed containing 50 mol% A...
A mixture containing 60 mol% benzene and 40 mol% toluene is subjected to batch, differential distillation at 1 atm, under three different conditions: 1. Until the distillate contains 70 mol% benzene...
The cable supports the uniform distributed load of w0 = 600 lb/ft. Determine the tension in the cable at each support A and B. 15 ft 10 ft Wo 25 ft-
A holding fixture for a work piece 1 in thick at clamp locations is being designed. The detail of one of the clamps is shown in the figure. A spring is required to drive the clamp upward while...
Air is compressed in a pistoncylinder device from 90 kPa and 20C to 400 kPa in a reversible isothermal process. Determine (a) The entropy change of air and (b) The work done.
Determine the force in each member of the Pratt bridge truss shown. State whether each member is in tension or compression. -3 -31 -3 - 6 kN 6 kN 6 kN
A thin plate of mass m has the trapezoidal shape shown. Determine the mass moment of inertia of the plate with respect to (a) The centroidal axis CC that is perpendicular to the plate, (b) The axis...
At a given point in a flow, T = 700oR, p = 1.6atm, and V = 2983 ft/s. At this point, calculate the corresponding values of p0, T0, p*, T*, and M*. Discuss.
The slender rods have weight density . Determine the moment of inertia for the assembly about an axis perpendicular to the page and passing through point A Given: = 3lb/ft a = 1.5 ft b = 2 ft A