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Project Management Systems Principles And Applications 2nd Edition Adedeji B. Badiru - Solutions

There are three resource types available for a certain project. One unit of each resource type is available. The project manager wants to evaluate the project cost on the basis of how resource teams are made up. She has the option of using a resource team, where the team can consist of only one
Three resource types (RES 1, RES 2, and RES 3) are to be assigned to a certain task. RES 1 working alone can complete the task in 30days, RES 2 working alone can complete the task in 45 days, and RES 3 working alone can complete the task in 50 days. Suppose 2 units of RES 1 and 1 unit of RES 2
Suppose snowfall is a critical resource for a skiing business. The availability of snowfall in inches during a season is known to be a random variable defined by a triangular distribution with a lower end point of \(3 \mathrm{in}\)., a mode of \(6 \mathrm{in}\)., and an upper end point of \(10.5
Compute scaled CAF priority weight for each of the activities in the project described hereafter. Use the scaled values to schedule the activities. Compare the schedule obtained to the schedule in Exercise 5.3.Units of resource type 1 available \(=10\)Units of resource type 2 available \(=15\)
In a certain project operation, it was noted that a total assembly cost of \(\$ 2,000\) was incurred for the production of 50 units of a product. Suppose an additional 100 units were produced at a cost of \(\$ 1,000\). Determine the learning curve percentage for the operation.
Suppose an operation is known to exhibit a learning curve rate of \(85 \%\). Production was interrupted for 3 months after 100 units had been produced. If the cost of the very first unit is \(\$ 50\), finda. Unit cost of the first unit produced after production begins again.b. Cost of unit 150 of
Suppose the first 20 unit batch of a product has an average cost of \(\$ 72\) per unit, the next 30 unit batch has an average cost of \(\$ 60\) per unit, and the next 50 unit batch has an average cost of \(\$ 50\) per unit. Based on this cost history, determine the appropriate learning curve
The first performance of a task requires \(8 \mathrm{~h}\). The twentieth performance of the task requires only \(2 \mathrm{~h}\). If this task is subject to a conventional learning process, determinea. Learning rate associated with the task.b. Number of hours it will take to perform the task the
Suppose unit 190 of a product requires \(45 \mathrm{~h}\) to produce under a learning curve rate of \(80 \%\). Determine the number of hours required by the first unit of the product and the number of hours required by unit 250 .
The first 50 unit order of a job shop costs \(\$ 1,500\). It is believed that the shop experiences a \(75 \%\) learning curve rate. Determine a reasonable price quote for the next 80 unit order of the same job.
Suppose the 60th unit of a product produced under a learning rate of \(80 \%\) is \(\$ 30\). If the production standard is \(\$ 20\) per unit, determine how many more units must be produced before the standard can be reached.
Pay and work rate distribution exercise: Suppose two construction workers did a job together over several days and agreed to split the profits as follows:Contractor A: \(40 \%\)Contractor B: \(60 \%\)Contractor B had to leave the job early on some days. So, contractor A ended up working \(9
Calculate the takt time for a production project that calls for the production of 125 units of a product within an 8 -h workday that includes two \(15-\mathrm{min}\) rest breaks and a \(45-\)-min lunch break.
Give one definition of productivity that relates to managerial control.
Some common impediments to control.
Prepare a taxonomy of what should be included in a PMIS as measures of control.
How is the WBS valuable in project monitoring and control?
How can schedule control be tied in with cost control?
For each of the causes of control problems listed in this chapter, discuss what corrective actions should be taken.
List some additional reasons for terminating a project as a measure of control.
Given the following data for three projects, perform the complete data analysis as was done for Table 6.2. How would you perform the average cross-check in the cell marked "XXX"?Table 6.2 Row Row Project January February March April Total Average A 3,000 3,200 3,400 2,800 B 1,200 1,900 2,500 2,400
For each of the following measurement scales-nominal scale, ratio scale, ordinal scale, and interval scale-list at least five factors or data types associated with project management that can be measured on the scale.
The employees selected to work on a project are surveyed to select the type of organization structure suitable for the project. Which measure of central tendency would be the most appropriate to determine the preference by the greatest number of employees?
Use the raw data presented in Exercise 6.8 to verify that \(\Sigma(X-\bar{X})=0\).Exercise 6.8Given the following data for three projects, perform the complete data analysis as was done for Table 6.2. How would you perform the average cross-check in the cell marked "XXX"?Table 6.2 Row Row Project
Using a software tool, such as a spreadsheet program, compute the average deviation, standard deviation, and variance for the raw data presented in Exercise 6.8.Exercise 6.8Given the following data for three projects, perform the complete data analysis as was done for Table 6.2. How would you
What types of data would you recommend to be collected for a project involving the construction of a new soccer playground in a small community?
The duration of a certain task is known to be normally distributed with a mean of 7 days and a standard deviation of 3 days. Find the following:a. The probability that the task can be completed in exactly 7 daysb. The probability that the task can be completed in 7 days or lessc. The probability
Alctrex Construction Company is bidding against Betatrex for a building project. Due to past performance of both companies, Alctrex knows that if the company bids a lower or an equal amount, it will win the bid. It will cost Alctrex \(\$ 9,500\) to complete the project. Betatrex's bid is a random
Consider the following payoff matrix for a decision-making problem:Determine the best alternative as a function of \(P\left(\theta_{1}\right)=p\), where \(0 \leq p \leq 1\). What is the best alternative for \(p=0.3\) ? What is the value of perfect information for \(p=0.3\) ? 0 States 02 Alternative
Draw a fishbone diagram for evaluating the causes of deficiencies for each of the following project parameters:Cost Schedule Performance
The birthday problem is a popular problem in probability. The problem involves finding the probability that at least two people have the same birthday in a group of \(N\) individuals. An activity scheduling formulation of the problem can be stated as follows: \(N\) activities must be scheduled at
Suppose \(N\) independent candidates are to be scheduled for interviews during 1 year ( 365 days). Each interview takes exactly 1 day. There is only one interviewer available and only one candidate can be interviewed at a time. Each candidate is requested to specify a preferred date for his or her
Develop a computer simulation model to solve the problem in Exercise 6.18. Run the simulation for \(N=1,2,3, \ldots, 200\). Plot the probabilities versus the values of \(N\). Discuss your findings.
Repeat the activity scheduling example presented in this chapter with the assumption that a \(15-\mathrm{min}\) break is required between the completion of one activity and the start of the next activity.
A delivery person makes deliveries to two project sites, site A and site B. He receives \(\$ 1,000\) per delivery to site \(A\) and \(\$ 200\) per delivery to site \(B\). He is required to make at least five deliveries per week to site B. Each delivery to either site A or site B takes him 3h to
Solve the LP model of the example presented in this chapter on the number of workers to assign to a project workstation. Discuss how you would go about implementing the LP solution in a practical setting.
Develop and solve the knapsack formulation to schedule the project presented in Table 7.10, the resource for which is presented in Table 7.11.Draw the Gantt chart for the schedule. Use the following notation in your formulation:\(C_{t}\) is the set of activities eligible for scheduling at time
Solve the resource assignment problem with the following cost matrix:\[ \left[\begin{array}{llll} 3 & 7 & 2 & 4 \\ 3 & 6 & 5 & 7 \\ 6 & 4 & 5 & 6 \\ 4 & 3 & 4 & 5 \end{array}\right] \]
Starting with Vogel's approximation as the starting solution, solve the transportation problem example presented in this chapter. The example was previously solved with the northwest-corner starting solution.
Golden Eagles, Inc. produces three styles of portable stadium seats: high-rider style, low-rider style, and line-hugger style. The seats are made of high-impact composite material and are produced in two steps, assembly and painting. The schedule for labor and material inputs for each seat style
A project manager has four crews that can be hired on a temporary basis during peak construction periods. The manager currently has three projects more than can be handled with his regular crews. It is desired to determine the crew assignments that will minimize the total project cost. The costs of
Find the shortest path between the originating node and the terminal node for the following acyclic network.
Develop a computer program for finding the shortest path between all pairs of nodes in a directed acyclic network. Use the program to verify your solution in Exercise 7.9.Exercise 7.9Find the shortest path between the originating node and the terminal node for the following acyclic network.
Develop a general LP formulation for scheduling the project in Table 7.12. Resource requirements and precedence relationships must be satisfied in the model \(\left(R_{1}=5, R_{2}=3\right)\).Table 7.12 Activity Predecessor Duration (Days) Resource Requirement (Type1, Type 2) AB C D A A B, C 342N
Use any software tool available to you to solve the LP model in Exercise 7.11.Exercise 7.11Develop a general LP formulation for scheduling the project in Table 7.12. Resource requirements and precedence relationships must be satisfied in the model \(\left(R_{1}=5, R_{2}=3\right)\).Table 7.12
White Water Fun Park is planning to add another ride that consists of three main parts A, B, and C. The manager anticipates that it will take 14 days to receive the material. It should then take 7 days to assemble the components of part A which is then to be tested separately, which will take 3
Develop an integer programming model for the resource allocation problem in Figure 7.47, assuming that daily resource availability is 5 units. Use LINDO or any other integer programming software to determine an optimal solution to your model. Discuss the results. Draw the project schedule chart
Consider the project network given in Figure 7.48.a. Determine the critical path for the network when each activity is realized at its normal time.b. Suppose the project must be completed in 15 days. Formulate an LP model that will minimize the cost of meeting the deadline.c. Solve the model in (b)
A fashion clothing warehouse is located in Oklahoma City and serves five stores located in Norman, Tulsa, Oklahoma City, Muskogee, and Stillwater. Each week a truck delivers clothes from the warehouse to the stores and returns to the warehouse. The distances between each pair of locations (in
Solve Exercise 7.14 (integer programming) using the simulated annealing procedure. Use \(T=60, k=0.8\) and stop when the order does not change in three iterations.Exercise 7.14Develop an integer programming model for the resource allocation problem in Figure 7.47, assuming that daily resource
Develop a definition for the Triple C model of project management.
List and discuss five major functions in project planning.
Describe the role of the project manager in project planning.
Develop a project planning model for the construction of a new manufacturing facility. The facility will produce products to be sold in the international market.
List some of the factors that can impede the flow of information for project planning purposes. How can these factors be controlled?
Discuss the impact of hygiene factors and motivators in project planning.
Discuss how the concepts of MBO and MBE can be integrated for project planning purposes.
Discuss some of the criteria that can be used to assess the technical feasibility of a project.
Prepare the technical section of a project proposal dealing with environmental impact assessment for a new industry. Select a specific industry type for your response.
Prepare the management section of a project proposal dealing with environmental impact assessment for a new industry. Use the same industry type selected in Exercise 2.9.
Use the combination and permutation formulas to compute and plot the complexity of project communication against varying values of n, the number of discussants. Discuss what you observe in the characteristics of the plots.
Suggest a suitable organization structure for an industrial development project.Justify your recommendation with a discussion.
Discuss how a poor organization structure can lead to project failure.
Which organization structure was used on the last project that you worked on?
Discuss how the matrix structure can be implemented in an organization that traditionally adheres to strict hierarchical structure.
Develop a model for a mixed organization structure using matrix, product, and functional structures.
Draw a market organization structure for a new product to be marketed worldwide. Select a specific product type to answer this exercise.
Develop a table of advantages and disadvantages of the different organizational structures presented in this chapter.
Show that, for any PERT project network, the probability of finishing the project in exactly x time units is zero.
Repeat the crashing exercise presented in Table 4.5 by crashing only the three critical activities C, E, and G. What is the new project duration? What is the new total project cost?Table 4.5 Option Number Activities Crashed Network Duration Time Reduction Incremental Cost Total Cost Selected
The following historical data was compiled for the time (days) it takes to perform a task: 11, 18, 25, 30, 8, 42, 25, 30, 13, 21, 26, 35, 15, 23, 29, 36, 17, 25, 30, 21. Based on the given data, determine reasonable values for the PERT estimates a, m, and b for the task.
Answer the following questions using the tabulated PERT project data.a. Draw the AON CPM network for the project, perform the forward and backward computations, and determine the project duration.b. Draw the Gantt chart using the ES times.c. Draw the Gantt chart using the LS times.d. Compare and
The following CPM network is subject to the following two simultaneous restrictions:a. The project cannot start until 5days from time 0 (i.e., ES of the start node = 5).b. There is a deadline of 35days (i.e., LC of the finish node = 35). Perform the forward and backward CPM computations and show
Using the mathematical expressions for FS and TS, show that FS cannot be larger than TS.
Show that even if TS > 0, FS may or may not be greater than 0.
Suppose five activities are on a CPM critical path and each activity has TS = 2.Determine the overall effect on the critical path length if two of the critical activities are delayed by 2 time units each. Discuss.
Give practical examples of SS, SF, FF, and FS precedence constraints.
Suppose two serial activities A and B are the only activities in a precedence diagramming network. Activity A precedes activity B. There is an SS restriction of 4 time units and an FF restriction of 3 time units between A and B.a. Determine the mathematical relationship between the duration of
Perform a PERT analysis of the following project and find the probability of finishing the project between 16 and 20 days inclusive. Activity Predecessors Duration Estimates (Days) (a, m, b) 1 3 4,5 1,4,5 2,3,4 6, 10, 13 6,6,7 2,2,2 1,2,3 5,8,9 12, 16, 19 234567 1 4 1 2 8 2
Answer the following questions using the tabulated project data.a. There is a penalty of $3,000/day beyond the normal PERT duration. Perform a crashing analysis to compare total normal cost to total crash cost. First crash only the critical activities; then crash all activities.b. Find the
Suppose it is known that the duration of a project has a triangular distribution with a lower limit of 24months, an upper limit of 46months, and a mode of 36months.Find the probability that the project can be completed in 40months or less.
Suppose it is known that the duration of a project is uniformly distributed between 24 and 46months. Find the probability that the project can be completed in 40months or less.
You are given the following project data:If the PERT time estimates for each activity are defined as\[ \begin{aligned} & a=t-0.3 t \\ & m=t \\ & b=t+\sqrt{t} \end{aligned} \]find a deadline, \(T_{\mathrm{d}}\), such that there is 0.85 probability of finishing the project on or before
Suppose we are given the following data for a project:There is no penalty if the project is completed on or before the normal PERT duration. However, a penalty of \(\$ 3,000\) is charged for each day that the project lasts beyond the normal PERT duration. Using standard probability approach, find
Presented in the following are the data for a precedence diagram problem. The \(\mathrm{SS}, \mathrm{SF}\), and \(\mathrm{FF}\) relationships between pairs of activities are given.SS \((\) between \(A\) and \(B)=1\)\(F(\) between \(A\) and \(B)=8\)SS(between \(A\) and \(C)=2\)\(\mathrm{SF}(\)
a. What potential effect(s) does the crashing of a noncritical activity have on the critical path and the project duration?b. Use a hypothetical example of a CPM project network consisting of seven activities to support your answer given earlier. First show the network computations without
Assume that you are the manager responsible for the project whose data is presented as follows:a. Draw the CPM diagram for this project.b. Perform the forward and backward pass calculations on the network and indicate the project duration.c. List all the different paths in the network in decreasing
Assume that we have the following precedence diagramming network data:The following PDM restrictions are applicable to the network:\[ \begin{aligned} & \mathrm{SS}_{\mathrm{AB}}=3 \\ & \mathrm{FF}_{\mathrm{AB}}=12 \\ & \mathrm{FS}_{\mathrm{BC}}=1 \\ & \mathrm{SS}_{\mathrm{BD}}=6 \\
Repeat Exercise 4.20 and consider the lead-lag PDM restrictions. Draw the Gantt chart schedule that satisfies all the lead-lag constraints.Exercise 4.20Assume that we have the following precedence diagramming network data:The following PDM restrictions are applicable to the network:\[
Would you classify the CPM procedure as a management by objective approach or a management by exception approach? Discuss.
In activity scheduling, which of the following carries the higher priority?i. Activity precedence constraint ii. Resource constraint
For the project data in Exercise 4.20, assume that the given activity durations represent the most likely PERT estimates \((m)\). Define the other PERT estimates \(a\) and \(b\) as follows:\[ \begin{aligned} & a=m-1 \\ & b=m+1 \end{aligned} \]Disregarding the PDM lead-lag constraints, find
The median rule of project control refers to the due date that has a 0.50 probability of being achieved. Suppose the duration, \(T\), of a project follows a triangular distribution with end points \(a\) and \(b\). If the mode of the distribution is closer to \(b\) than it is to \(a\), find a
Draw an AOA network for the project described in Exercise 4.19. Use as few dummy arcs as possible.Exercise 4.19Assume that you are the manager responsible for the project whose data is presented as follows:a. Draw the CPM diagram for this project.b. Perform the forward and backward pass
For the problem given in Exercise 4.12, assuming that the variance of duration is 0 for all the project phases, determine the time-cost trade-off curve by defining the strategies and calculating crashing cost for each strategy for \(T_{\max } \leq T \leq T_{\min }\).Exercise 4.12Answer the
Sketch a diagram to illustrate the relationships among a system, a program, a project, a task, and an activity in a project environment.
Define the functions of project planning, scheduling, and control.
What project parameters or variables may be important for defining qualitative responsibility for project management?
What project parameters or variables may be important for defining quantitative accountability for project management?
Give examples to illustrate the differences between a project specialist and a technical specialist.

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