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business
operations management

Questions and Answers of Operations Management

What person or people at Toyota is (are) most responsible for the development of the JIT concept?
What is the most essential element of the lean philosophy? Why?
What does the Toyota Production System have to do with JIT and lean?
What is lean thinking, and how is it different from JIT?
What are the arguments the two experts gave about applying lean in a service?
What is the actual round trip taken by a container in the kanban demonstration?
Explain what SMED really means and describe the two types of setups.
Describe the activities undertaken at the die shop, when they implemented lean.
Explain how the Infor vehicle scheduling software works.
Briefly describe how the job scheduling software in the video works.
Describe some of the job shops in the video and the advantages they provide.
Describe how the setup times were reduced at Emerson Network Power, and the benefits this provided.
In many cases, the shortest-process-time dispatch rule works well. Why? What does it not do very well?
In dispatching terminology, if I am 20 minutes early for an appointment, I am late, but not tardy. Explain.
Which dispatch rule do you think is the best? Which one do you normally use when deciding which homework assignment to do next?
For large vehicle scheduling problems, which scheduling heuristic would most likely be used? Why?
What does the traveling salesman problem refer to, and what is the solution objective? What heuristic is typically used to solve simple traveling salesman problems?
What are dispatch rules?
What is a Gantt chart and why is it used?
What is forward scheduling and why is it used?
Define input-output control and describe how it is used in process-focused facilities.
What are the job scheduling activities and objectives for assembly lines?
How powerful are the waterjet milling machines they profile in the Orange County Choppers machine shop?
The cell layout profiled in the vice plant video reduced the total distance traveled by parts to what distance?
What is the last thing Boeing puts on a 777 before it is pulled out of the assembly building to go to the paint shop?
Briefly explain Styku’s mass customization business model.
What does the SCARA robot in the video look like? How many things does it do?
How does the CAD designer use a drawing to actually create a finished product?
Briefly describe some of the things you noticed in the FMS video.
According to Tracy’s short lecture on TOC, how do constraints in services differ from constraints in a manufacturer?
What are the two main things the material flow analysis software does?
How could your university’s bookstore use visual merchandising and micro-merchandising? Does your bookstore already use them?
How could a servicescape be used in your classroom?
What could be the advantage of analyzing a layout from both a cost minimization and a closeness desirability perspective?
Could a manufacturing facility layout be analyzed from a closeness desirability perspective? Would this be a good idea?
When, and for what type of facility would a group technology layout be most appropriate?
Describe how the Theory of Constraints could be used in a product-focused facility.
Why is manufacturing flexibility a desirable characteristic? Is there an organization where this would not be desirable?
Could the TOC be applied to management effectiveness?
How could the Theory of Constraints (TOC) be used at a neighborhood grocery store? For a basketball team?
Why is it important to understand the flow of materials in an organization?
What is a sight line and how are these used to improve facility layouts?
What is visual merchandising and micro-merchandising?
How do project layouts differ from product- and process-focused layouts?
What is a servicescape ?
What are the scheduling concerns at a product-focused facility and a process-focused facility?
What is the general objective when designing a process-focused layout?
What are the advantages and disadvantages of product-focused facilities compared to process-focused facilities?
What is a process-focused layout, and what would be an example of one?
What is a group technology layout?
What are the advantages and disadvantages of assembly line balancing?
What is “ takt time” and what is it used for?
What type of manufacturing firm uses a product-focused layout? What are its objectives?
Define mass customization and provide an example.
Explain the difference between a flexible manufacturing system and a computer integrated manufacturing system.
What is manufacturing flexibility?
What is the drum-buffer-rope (DBR) concept and what does it have to do with the TOC?
Describe the Theory of Constraints (TOC).
What is the objective of material flow analysis?
Classify the following items using the A, B, C inventory classification approach. Which items should be monitored most closely, and which ones should have the least amount of safety stock?
How can performance measures sometimes cause the wrong things to happen?
What are some things Amazon does to manage inventories in their warehouses?
How are stockouts of anti-malaria drugs reduced in Africa?
What was the primary thing Cole Hardware did to modernize its inventory management capabilities?
What would be some good inventory management performance measures for a fast-food company? A bicycle repair shop? A big-box retailer?
Could cash-to-cash cycle time be negative? How? Would that be good?
What can be said about order lead times and safety stocks in actively managed, successful supply chains?
Describe several cases when a periodic review model would be preferred to a ROP model.
When both demand and purchase lead time vary, why is the required safety stock higher when compared to the variable demand ROP model, for the same service level?
In looking at the ROP formula with variable demand, what is the expected service level when the Z is zero? What is the safety stock level when Z is zero? What is the maximum value of Z?
Explain the order policy used when demand is assumed to be variable. Is the EOQ still useful here?
Why might it be cheaper to order a large quantity of price-discounted merchandise from a supplier rather than the appropriate EOQ amount? Won’t the annual carrying cost be prohibitively high?
How does the quantity discount model differ from the EOQ model? Is the EOQ still used?
Why does the EOQ only seek to minimize annual order cost and annual inventory carrying cost? What happened to stockout cost and purchase cost?
Discuss the relationship between the bullwhip effect and supply chain inventories, and what can be done to manage it.
How would you reduce stockout risk at a hospital? At a high-end retailer?At Walmart ?
Why do you think inventory is considered a “necessary evil” in organizations?
Why are inventory management performance measures important?
What is the ABC inventory classification, and how is it used?
How is the EOQ used in the periodic review model?
What determines the level of safety stock to be used in the probabilistic demand reorder point model?
How do changes in demand, order cost, and carrying cost affect the EOQ?
Why is the EOQ model described as “robust”?
What items are included in total annual inventory costs?
Define independent and dependent demand, and provide some examples of each.
Define the bullwhip effect and its impact on supply chain inventories.
List some of the causes of stockouts.
What are all of the various types of inventory costs?
List and describe the 5 functions of inventory.
Using the umbrella sales data above, calculate forecasts using the three-period weighted moving average with weights of (0.5, 0.3, 0.2) and using exponential smoothing with an α = 0.3 and a period 1
Calculate the forecasts for each month using your regression formula and then determine the MAD. Would you use this forecast if you sold these umbrellas? Why/why not?
Either calculate the regression coefficients by hand, or perform a linear regression using your spreadsheet software. What is the correlation coefficient? Is the data correlated?
Which is the best method to use for the following data—a three-period weighed moving average forecast with weights of (0.5, 0.3, 0.2) or an exponential smoothing forecast with an α = 0.25 (compare
Monthly demand and two forecasts are shown below. Which forecast is better? Why?
Compare the techniques in 1-3 above using the MAD, MAPE, RSFE, and TS for periods 4-7. Which forecast technique is the best? Why?
Calculate a linear trend forecast for periods 1-8 using Excel or some other spreadsheet application. What are the sample correlation coefficient and sample coefficient of determination? Do you think
What would be a good mission statement for your university or college?
Can segmenting markets by gender be done successfully? Explain.
Why do you think so many customer relationship initiatives fail? Describe some relationships you have with businesses. Are they successful?
Discuss how you would segment students at your school. Does the student union do this?

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