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Communication Principles For A Lifetime 8th Edition Steven A. Beebe, Susan J. Beebe - Solutions
1. For each of the five strategies of organization discussed, suggest a topic that might be organized according to that strategy.
12.1 List and explain five strategies for organizing the main ideas of a speech.
12.5 Develop a preparation outline and speaking notes for a speech.
12.4 Explain the functions of, and several strategies for, speech introductions and conclusions.
12.3 Use verbal and nonverbal signposts to organize your speech for the ears of others.
12.2 Explain how to organize supporting material.
12.1 List and explain five strategies for organizing the main ideas of a speech.
11.7 Describe five potential sources and seven types of supporting material for a speech, and use each type effectively.
2. Check the main ideas you drafted for the previous question against the following specific-purpose statement:“At the end of my speech, the audience will explain three criteria for buying car insurance.” If your main ideas do not contribute to this specific purpose, make appropriate revisions
1. Divide the central idea you wrote about buying car insurance into two or more main ideas, using the three questions recommended in this chapter.
11.6 Generate main ideas from a central idea.
2. Revise each of the following central ideas according to the criteria presented in this chapter:a. Bicycling and jewelry making are fun hobbies.b. How do you change your academic major?
1. Following the guidelines in this chapter, write a central idea for a speech on the topic of buying car insurance.
2. Revise the following draft of a specific-purpose statement so that it better meets the criteria presented in this chapter: To explain why I use public transportation instead of my own car.
1. Given the broad topic “ocean tides,” write three specific-purpose statements: one for a speech to inform, one for a speech to persuade, and one for a speech to entertain.
11.4 Write an audience-centered, specific-purpose statement for a speech.
2. The chair of the Department of Communication Studies visits your required communication class to discuss what you can do with a degree in communication studies.Analyze her choice of topic according to the topic selection guidelines presented in this chapter.
1. One speaker’s self-awareness helped her generate a list of possible topics that began with “San Antonio, Texas:City of cultural diversity.” Use your own interests and experiences to help generate a list of five to seven topics.
11.3 Select and narrow a speech topic that is appropriate to the audience, the occasion, and yourself.
2. Complete the paper-pencil Personal Report of Public Speaking Anxiety (PRPSA) available at www.jamescmccroskey.com/measures/prpsa.htm to assess your level of communication apprehension. At the end of the communication course in which you are currently enrolled, complete the self-evaluation again
1. Xavier, one of your best friends from high school, went on to play football for your flagship state university.Now he has been invited back to address the annual football banquet at your old high school. Not having taken an oral communication course yet, Xavier is anxious about his upcoming
11.2 Apply specific strategies for becoming a more confident speaker
2. Pat has been asked to attend Monday night’s city council meeting to speak on behalf of neighbors who do not want the council to issue an alcohol use permit to a new restaurant in their neighborhood. What strategies could Pat use to adapt her speech to the members of the city council?
1. How is the behavior of a speaker who adapts to his or her audience different from that of a speaker who does not adapt to the audience?
11.1 List and explain the components of the audiencecentered public speaking model.
11.7 Describe five potential sources and seven types of supporting material for a speech, and use each type effectively.
11.6 Generate main ideas from a central idea.
11.5 Develop a central idea for a speech.
11.4 Write an audience-centered, specific-purpose statement for a speech.
11.3 Select and narrow a speech topic that is appropriate to the audience, the occasion, and yourself.
11.2 Apply specific strategies for becoming a more confident speaker.
11.1 List and explain the components of the audiencecentered public speaking model.
10.4 Develop and use strategies to structure meetings appropriately, keep meetings on track, and promote appropriate dialogue and interaction.
2. Reflect upon the last time you exerted some leadership influence in a group. What was your predominant leadership style? How effective was your leadership?
1. What are strategies group members could use to work more effectively if a group leader is using an authoritarian style of leadership and the group would prefer a more participative, democratic leadership style?
10.3 Compare and contrast the trait, functional, styles, situational, and transformational approaches to understanding leadership.
2. Assess which of the five problem-solving steps are the easiest for you and your group to perform. Which of the five steps are the most challenging for you and your group? Identify strategies for increasing your ability to implement one or more of the five problem-solving steps during your next
1. Reflect on your last group or team meeting. Overall, would the group or team have benefited from having more structure (such as a clear agenda) or more interaction (such as participation from every group member)? What could you do to enhance either group structure or group interaction?
2. Which of the six functions of effective group members do you usually perform? Select a group function that you usually don’t perform and then identify ways you could serve this function during your next group meeting.10.2 List and describe the five steps of group problem solving (reflective
1. After reviewing the list of disadvantages of working in groups, identify specific strategies you could use to avoid having these disadvantages occur in your group.
10.1 Identify six functions that effective group members perform.
10.4 Develop and use strategies to structure meetings appropriately, keep meetings on track, and promote appropriate dialogue and interaction.
10.3 Compare and contrast the trait, functional, styles, situational, and transformational approaches to understanding leadership.
10.2 List and describe the five steps of group problem solving (reflective thinking).
10.1 Identify six functions that effective group members perform.
2. Communication researchers Katherine Hawkins and Bryant Fillion surveyed personnel managers to find out what they considered the most important skills for successful groups and teams. The skills in the following list are among those that the personnel managers deemed most important. Rate each
1. Do you sometimes feel uncertain and uncomfortable when joining a new group? How do you typically try to resolve discomfort when you meet new group members?How successful is your method? What small group communication skills mentioned in the chapter can help make new group members feel part of
9.3 Summarize the four stages of group and team development.
2. Reflect upon your last group or team meeting. Evaluate the suggestions for enhancing group cohesiveness in Table 9.2 to assess how cohesive your group was.Based on your analysis, evaluate your group on a scale of 1 to 10 as highly cohesive (10) or not at all cohesive(1). What could you do to
1. Identify the roles described in Table 9.1 that you fill most often in groups. Why do you think you usually take on these roles? Which roles would you like to fill more often?
9.2 Identify and describe group and team dynamics, including roles, rules, norms, status, power, and cohesiveness.
2. Make a list of all of the groups and teams to which you belong. Analyze your list to determine which groups are most similar to this chapter’s definition of a small group. Also identify those groups that function more like a team. Then on a scale of 1 to 10 (with 10 being the most effective
1. What do you find most rewarding about working in groups and teams? What do you find most challenging?
9.1 Describe types of groups and teams, differences between groups and teams, and when participating in groups and teams should be avoided.
9.3 Summarize the four stages of group and team development.
9.2 Identify and describe group and team dynamics, including roles, rules, norms, status, power, and cohesiveness.
9.1 Describe types of groups and teams, differences between groups and teams, and when participating in groups and teams should be avoided.
8.5 Summarize the seven types of interpersonal conflict, the key characteristics of conflict management, and the ways people can cooperate in conflict situations.
8.4 Discuss relational dialectics and three primary tensions in relationships.
8.3 Summarize research findings on relationship dissolution, including communication in the on-again/off-again relationship and the postdissolutional relationship.
8.2 Identify and describe the stages of relational escalation and de-escalation.
8.1 Explain how the five Communication Principles for a Lifetime apply to interpersonal communication among friends, family members, and colleagues.
2. Too Private to Talk About—Unless It’s Online?For the following topics, check the column to indicate in which situation you would freely disclose the information to another person you were trying to get to know.Then analyze your answers. What information would you share anytime in any format?
1. Consider how open a person you are. How comfortably and readily do you communicate information about yourself—such as your background, history, beliefs, views, and opinions? Do you have circles of friends who you are comfortable with and, thus, share more information with? How open are you
7.3 Explain the roles of self-disclosure and emotional expression in maintaining face-to-face and online relationships.
2. Think of someone you know who is either a trait or state conversational narcissist. How have you responded to that person’s communication style? Has your relationship experienced distance because of this person’s selfabsorbed communication style? What do you think is the best way to respond
1. Provide examples of when you have used passive, active, and interactive strategies to reduce your uncertainty in a new situation or when meeting a new person.
7.2 Describe the roles of communication in revealing interpersonal attraction and initiating relationships.
2. Learning to Ask Great Questions Because we think that learning to ask great questions is so important, we want to provide you with an opportunity to practice this art and skill. For each of the situations and snippets of conversation that follow, generate follow-up questions that would deepen
1. In your own life, have you experienced the mutual influence of interpersonal communication within the past 24 hours? Describe your experience.
7.1 Define interpersonal communication and discuss its three unique attributes.
7.3 Explain the roles of self-disclosure and emotional expression in maintaining face-to-face and online relationships
7.2 Describe the roles of communication in revealing interpersonal attraction and initiating relationships.
7.1 Define interpersonal communication and discuss its three unique attributes.
2. Assessing Your Intercultural Skill This chapter presented seven specific strategies to help bridge differences between people. Rank these strategies in the order of what you need to improve the most to what you need to improve the least in your interactions with people from different
1. You’ve been assigned to work on a semester-long research project with a partner who has told you that his or her sexual orientation is different from your own. How could you use the skills in this section of the
6.4 Describe seven strategies that will help bridge differences between people and help them adapt to differences.
2. Consider the four barriers discussed in this chapter that inhibit effective communication. Now rank them in order from your “biggest barrier” to your “smallest barrier.” How do these barriers impact your communication with others? What could you do to reduce or remove your biggest
1. Describe a time when you experienced one of the barriers mentioned in this chapter. For example, have you tried to communicate with someone who assumed you were more like them than you actually are? Or did you ever assume someone was much more different from you than she or he actually turned
• Stereotyping and prejudice. We stereotype by placing a group or person into an inflexible, all-encompassing category. Stereotyping and prejudice can keep us from acknowledging others as unique individuals and, therefore, can hamper effective, open, and honest communication.
• Assuming differences. Don’t automatically assume that other people are different from you.
• Assuming similarity. It is not productive when individuals or groups from different backgrounds or cultures assume that others should behave or respond in the same way they do.
• Assuming superiority. When one culture or gender assumes superiority or when someone is ethnocentric or xenophobic, communication problems often occur.
6.3 Illustrate four barriers that inhibit communication between individuals.
2. Based on the descriptions of cultural values described in this chapter, use the scales below to evaluate your own cultural values. Place an X or other mark to indicate where your culture falls on each scale
1. Provide an example of a recent intercultural interaction you had with a person from a different culture than your own. Identify cultural similarities and differences between you and your intercultural communication partner.
6.2 Define culture, and compare and contrast cultural contexts and cultural values.
2. How would you assess your skill in adapting to those who differ from your gender identity, sexual orientation, age, social class, and ethnicity?
1. In addition to the differences described in this chapter—gender, sexual orientation, age, ethnicity, social class, and culture—what are other differences among people that might affect the way we communicate with each other?
6.1 Describe how differences of gender, sexual orientation, age, ethnicity, and social class influence communication.
6.4 Describe seven strategies that will help bridge differences between people and help them adapt to differences.
6.3 Illustrate four barriers that inhibit communication between individuals.
6.2 Define culture, and compare and contrast cultural contexts and cultural values.
6.1 Describe how differences of gender, sexual orientation, age, ethnicity, and social class influence communication.
2. How would you assess your ability to empathize with others? What are specific strategies you could use to be more empathic?
1. Do you usually paraphrase when listening to others in everyday life? If so, how do you summarize messages in a helpful and natural-sounding way? If you don’t paraphrase much, what kinds of phrases do you think would help you?
5.6 Identify and use appropriate responding skills.
2. Which of the skill steps (stop, look, listen) do you need to improve the most? What are specific strategies that can help you improve your listening skills?
1. Do you find yourself interrupting or getting interrupted often? What can you do—as a listener or a speaker—to avoid interruptions and deal with them if they happen?
5.5 Identify and use strategies that can improve your listening skills.
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