Understanding Business 11th Edition William Nickels, James McHugh, Susan McHugh - Solutions

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whom?
How does the enterprise frame its mission? Express its values?How are decisions made—and by
Embrace diversity in all directions. This includes people older and younger than ourselves.
Ask questions—you can’t be an interesting person unless you are interested in the thoughts of others. Ask the other person’s opinion before stating your own—“What do you think about . . . ?”; or add the question after giving your own. But don’t ask a question you would not want to
Respect other people’s religious, political and cultural feelings without anger or impatience. Make an effort to understand—you don’t have to agree.
Assess the environment and don’t start out too casually. In case of doubt, begin more formally. Once you’ve said,“Hey Mandy, what’s happening?” it’s hard to go back to “How are you, Ms.Davis?”
How she feels about the subject and her comfort level with it Attitude toward innovation and change Preference for ideas that he originates (or thinks he originates)
What the supervisor already knows about the subject. What more might he need to know?Any prior experience with the subject?
What is the best time of day to approach him?(Salespeople often aim for after lunch.)What are her hot buttons?
PowerPoint? Formal or informal reports?What kind of explanations does she prefer: Big-picture?Detailed? Logical?Statistical?
How does he prefer to receive information: e-mail, in person, letter, phone, text, social media channel?
What is her relationship to you, both by position and inclination?
Any apparent pro or con feelings toward people your age? Either gender?
What makes him happy?Angry? Frustrated? Bored?Does she have a sense of humor? (Assume not)Is he comfortable with emotions? (Assume not)
General confidence level and apparent insecurities?Sensitive to people’s concerns?
Likes confrontation or avoids it?
Open to new ideas? Willing to take risks?
Decision-making style:Slowly or quickly? Based on what?
Management style: Fair, consistent? Or plays favorites?
Problems and challenges:What keeps her up at night?Leadership style: Top-down, collaborative or somewhere in between?
What does he care about?What interests her?What are his strengths, weaknesses?
2. From a lawyer’s perspective: Imagine that you are assigned to a case similar to the one of Kitty Genovese. Your supervisor, who is unfamiliar with psychological research, asks you to provide information about the eyewitnesses to explain why they did not help her. What would you include in your
1. Starting with the theory that diffusion of responsibility causes responsibility for helping to be shared among bystanders, Latané and Darley derived the hypothesis that the more people who witness an emergency situation, the less likely it is that help will be given to a victim. How many other
7. The group in an experiment that receives no treatment is called the group.
6. A psychologist wants to study the effect of attractiveness on willingness to help a person with a math problem.Attractiveness would be the variable, and the amount of helping would be the variable.
5. Match each of the following research methods with its primary disadvantage: 1. archival research 2. naturalistic observation 3. survey research 4. case study a. The researcher may not be able to generalize to the population at large. b. People's behavior can change if they know they are being
4. Match the following forms of research to their defi nitions: 1. archival research 2. naturalistic observation 3. survey research 4. case study a. directly asking a sample of people questions about their behavior b. examining existing records to test a hypothesis c. looking at behavior in its
3. An experimenter is interested in studying the relationship between hunger and aggression. She decides that she will measure aggression by counting the number of times a participant will hit a punching bag. In this case, her defi nition of aggression is the number of times the participant hits
2. To test this explanation, a researcher must state it in terms of a testable question known as a .
1. An explanation for a phenomenon of interest is known as a __________.
LO 3-4 How do psychologists establish cause-and-eff ect relationships in research studies?
LO 3-3 What research methods do psychologists use?
LO 3-2 What role do theories and hypotheses play in psychological research?
LO 3-1 What is the scientifi c method?
2. From the perspective of a health-care provider: How would you explain the placebo effect and the role of endorphins to patients who wish to try unproven treatment methods that they fi nd on the web?
1. How might psychologists use drugs that mimic the effects of neurotransmitters to treat psychological disorders?
5. Endorphins are one kind of , the chemical“messengers” between neurons.
4. The gap between two neurons is bridged by a chemical connection called a .
3. Just as electrical wires have an outer coating, axons are insulated by a coating called the .
2. Neurons receive information through their and send messages through their .
1. The is the fundamental element of the nervous system.
LO 53 How does the nervous system communicate electrical and chemical messages from one part to another?
LO 52 What are the basic elements of the nervous system?
LO 51 Why do psychologists study the brain and the nervous system?
2. From the perspective of a medical professional: How would you explain the risks of using steroids to a teenager who wished to put on weight and muscle to be stronger to play football?
1. In what ways is the “fi ght-or-fl ight” response helpful to humans in emergency situations?
5. The emerging fi eld of studies ways in which our genetic inheritance predisposes us to behave in certain ways.
4. Maria saw a young boy run into the street and get hit by a car. When she got to the fallen child, she was in a state of panic. She was sweating, and her heart was racing. Her biological state resulted from the activation of what division of the nervous system?a. parasympatheticb. centralc.
3. In the peripheral nervous system, the division controls voluntary movements, whereas the division controls organs that keep us alive and function without our awareness.
2. The central nervous system is composed of the and the .
1. If you put your hand on a red-hot piece of metal, the immediate response of pulling it away would be an example of a(n) .
LO 6-2 How does the endocrine system aff ect behavior?
LO 6-1 How are the structures of the nervous system linked?
2. Match the portion of the brain with its function a. medulla b. pons c. cerebellum d. reticular formation 1. Maintains breathing and heartbeat. 2. Controls bodily balance. 3. Coordinates and integrates muscle movements. 4. Activates other parts of the brain to produce general bodily arousal.
1. Match the name of each brain scan with the appropriate description: a. EEG b. fMRI c. PET 1. By locating radiation within the brain, a computer can provide a striking picture of brain activity. 2. Electrodes placed around the skull record the electrical signals trans- mitted through the brain.
3. U.S. government bonds compete with corporations for investors’ dollars.Check out the different types of bonds the federal government offers and list the types most appealing to you. (Hint: See www.treasurydirect.gov .)Be sure to check out TIPs.
5. Consider the companies added and subtracted from the Dow Jones Industrial Average over the past five years. (Go to www.djaverages.com , then proceed to Dow Jones Learning Center to learn more about these companies.)What types of companies were added and deleted? Why do you think the changes were
2. What is meant by the term “front of the house”?
3. What are the key reasons that firms do ratio analysis?
2 Identify the six steps in the accounting cycle.
2. Identify the four elements of the promotion mix.
3. Would you like to see a blog for this course? For your school?
2. What are the advantages and disadvantages of reading such blogs?
1. What kind of subjects are covered in each blog?
4. In small groups, discuss whether you are purchasing more goods using catalogs and/or the Internet and why. Do you look up information online before buying goods and services? How helpful are such searches? Present your findings to the class.
3. Many students shy away from careers in selling, often because they think they are not outgoing enough or that salespeople are dishonest or pushy.Prepare a one-page document about your experience with salespeople and what you think of selling as a career.
1. Using at least two different media—a newspaper, magazine, television, radio, the Internet—choose two ads you consider effective and two you find ineffective. Be prepared to explain your choices.
Many small-business owners have no idea how to begin selling goods online.Several free websites have been developed to help them get started with tasks from setting up their site to doing online marketing, handling credit purchases, and more. Go to Homestead.com or BlueVoda.com and listen to the
3. One scarce item in the future will be water. If you could think of an inexpensive way to get water from places of abundance to places where it is needed for drinking, farming, and other uses, such as fracking, you could become a wealthy marketing intermediary. Pipelines are an alternative, but
3. What stage of the product life cycle is Dream Dinners currently in? Why did you make that choice?
2. What are the steps in the new-product development process?
1. In what classification of consumer products would you consider Dream Dinners? Why did you select that category?
Go to Monster.com and search for the article “100 Potential Interview Questions.” This article lists some of the more common questions asked during an interview. Click on the questions for advice about how to best answer the questions.This will give you the opportunity to test your answers so
1. Why is employee turnover very costly for companies?
Sometimes understanding differences in employees’ personalities helps managers understand how to motivate them. Find out about your personality by going to the Human Metrics website (www.humanmetrics.com) and take the Jung Typology Test (based on Carl Jung’s and Isabel Myers-Briggs’s
3. What is meant by Six Sigma?Your job right now is to finish reading this chapter. How strongly would you be motivated to do that if you were sweating in a room at 105 degrees Fahrenheit?Imagine your roommate has turned on the air-conditioning. Once you are more comfortable, are you more likely to
2. What are Seventh Generation’s four sustainability goals?
1. What is the social mission of Seventh Generation?
One of the difficulties of engaging in global trade is the constant shift in exchange rates. How much do exchange rates change over a 30-day period?Research this by choosing five currencies (say, the euro, the British pound, the Japanese yen, the Mexican peso, the Saudi Arabian riyal) and recording
3. Does the entertainment industry seem like a stable option for aspiring entrepreneurs to pursue?
2. Why is the writing profession especially risky for entrepreneurs like Tom Lennon?
1. What are the risks and benefits of becoming an entrepreneur as opposed to working for others?
2. Go to the Census Bureau’s website (www.census.gov) and learn what the population of the United States is at this moment. While at the site, you may want to look up the population in your town or city. Explore what other data are available at this site. What trends seem most important to you
1. Go to the National Taxpayers Union website (www.ntu.org). Search for“Who Pays Income Taxes? See Who Pays What.” Study the tables showing what percentage of taxes the various income groups pay. Do you think that businesspeople pay their fair share? What percentage of taxes does the top 1
5. Form into teams of four or five and discuss the technological and e-commerce revolutions. How many students now shop for goods and services online? What have been their experiences? What other high-tech equipment do they use (smartphones, tablets, laptops, etc.)?
4. Use Yelp to find five businesses that provide services in your area. List those businesses and, for each, describe how social trends might affect them in both positive and negative ways. Be prepared to explain your descriptions to your team or the whole class, as your instructor directs.
3. What indicates that you and other people in the United States have a high standard of living? What are some signs that maintaining such a high standard of living may have a negative impact on quality of life? Does everyone in the United States enjoy a high standard of living? If not, how does
2. Imagine you are a local businessperson who has to deal with the issue of outsourcing. You want to begin with the facts. How many, if any, jobs have been lost to outsourcing in your area? Are there any foreign firms in your area that are creating jobs (insourcing)? You will need to go online to
1. Poll the class and determine which students believe that climate change is primarily caused by humans and which believe that other factors, such as climate cycles or sun spots, are the primary cause. Discuss what students can do to minimize human effects on the environment regardless of the
5. Which of the environmental factors outlined in this chapter might have the biggest impact on your business? How?
4. Do you see any conflict between your desire to be as profitable as possible and your desire to pay employees a living wage?
3. How will you establish good relationships with your suppliers? With your employees?
2. What are some of the things you can do to benefit your community other than providing jobs and tax revenue?
1. Who will be the various stakeholders of your business?
LO 12-5 Assess some of today’s controversial employee–management issues, such as executive compensation, pay equity, sexual harassment, child care and elder care, drug testing, and violence in the workplace.
LO 10-4 Distinguish between the motivators and hygiene factors identified by Herzberg.
LO 10-3 Identify the levels of Maslow’s hierarchy of needs and apply them to employee motivation.
LO 10-2 Describe the Hawthorne studies and their significance to management.
LO 10-1 Explain Taylor’s theory of scientific management.
LO 9-3 Identify various production processes and describe techniques that improve productivity, including computer-aided design and manufacturing, flexible manufacturing, lean manufacturing, mass customization, and robotics.

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Understanding Business 11th Edition William Nickels, James McHugh, Susan McHugh - Solutions

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