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physics
college physics 2nd

Questions and Answers of College Physics 2nd

An electron moving at 4.00 x 103 m/s in a 1.25-T magnetic field experiences a magnetic force of 1.40 x 10-16 N. What angle does the velocity of the electron make with the magnetic field? There are
(a) A physicist performing a sensitive measurement wants to limit the magnetic force on a moving charge in her equipment to less than 1.00 x 10-12 N. What is the greatest the charge can be if it
A cosmic ray electron moves at 7.50 x 106 m/s perpendicular to the Earth's magnetic field at an altitude where field strength is 1.00 x 10-5 T. What is the radius of the circular path the electron
A proton moves at 7.50 x 107 m/s perpendicular to a magnetic field. The field causes the proton to travel in a circular path of radius 0.800 m. What is the field strength?
(a) Viewers of Star Trek hear of an antimatter drive on the Starship Enterprise. One possibility for such a futuristic energy source is to store antimatter charged particles in a vacuum chamber,
(a) An oxygen-16 ion with a mass of 2.66 x 10-26 kg travels at 5.00 x 106 m/s perpendicular to a 1.20-T magnetic field, which makes it move in a circular arc with a 0.231-m radius. What positive
What radius circular path does an electron travel if it moves at the same speed and in the same magnetic field as the proton in Exercise 22.13?Data given in Exercise 22.13A proton moves at 7.50 x 107
A velocity selector in a mass spectrometer uses a 0.100-T magnetic field.(a) What electric field strength is needed to select a speed of 4.00 x 106 m/s? (b) What is the voltage between the plates if
An electron in a TV CRT moves with a speed of 6.00 x 107 m/s, in a direction perpendicular to the Earth's field, which has a strength of 5.00 x 10-5 T.(a) What strength electric field must be applied
A mass spectrometer is being used to separate common oxygen-16 from the much rarer oxygen-18, taken from a sample of old glacial ice. (The relative abundance of these oxygen isotopes is related to
(a) Triply charged uranium-235 and uranium-238 ions are being separated in a mass spectrometer. (The much rarer uranium-235 is used as reactor fuel.) The masses of the ions are 3.90 x 10-25 kg and
A large water main is 2.50 m in diameter and the average water velocity is 6.00 m/s. Find the Hall voltage produced if the pipe runs perpendicular to the Earth's 5.00 x 10-5-T field.
What Hall voltage is produced by a 0.200-T field applied across a 2.60-cm-diameter aorta when blood velocity is 60.0 cm/s?
(a) What is the speed of a supersonic aircraft with a 17.0-m wingspan, if it experiences a 1.60-V Hall voltage between its wing tips when in level flight over the north magnetic pole, where the
Calculate the Hall voltage induced on a patient’s heart while being scanned by an MRI unit. Approximate the conducting path on the heart wall by a wire 7.50 cm long that moves at 10.0 cm/s
Using information in Example 20.6, what would the Hall voltage be if a 2.00-T field is applied across a 10-gauge copper wire (2.588 mm in diameter) carrying a 20.0-A current?Data given in Example
A Hall probe calibrated to read 1.00 μV when placed in a 2.00-T field is placed in a 0.150-T field. What is its output voltage?
What is the direction of the magnetic force on the current in each of the six cases in Figure 22.50? oooo (d) B ||| (b) X In (0) B B X X X B X X X X X X X X X (c) (f) Lou
A patient with a pacemaker is mistakenly being scanned for an MRI image. A 10.0-cm-long section of pacemaker wire moves at a speed of 10.0 cm/s perpendicular to the MRI unit’s magnetic field and a
What is the direction of a current that experiences the magnetic force shown in each of the three cases in Figure 22.51, assuming the current runs perpendicular to B ? (a) Bout (b) B F XX X X X X X
What is the direction of the magnetic field that produces the magnetic force shown on the currents in each of the three cases in Figure 22.52, assuming B is perpendicular to I?
(a) What is the force per meter on a lightning bolt at the equator that carries 20,000 A perpendicular to the Earth's 3.00 x 10-5-T field?(b) What is the direction of the force if the current is
(a) A DC power line for a light-rail system carries 1000 A at an angle of 30.0° to the Earth's 5.00 x 10-5-T field. What is the force on a 100-m section of this line?(b) Discuss practical concerns
What force is exerted on the water in an MHD drive utilizing a 25.0-cm-diameter tube, if 100-A current is passed across the tube that is perpendicular to a 2.00-T magnetic field? (The relatively
A wire carrying a 30.0-A current passes between the poles of a strong magnet that is perpendicular to its field and experiences a 2.16-N force on the 4.00 cm of wire in the field. What is the average
(a) A 0.750-m-long section of cable carrying current to a car starter motor makes an angle of 60° with the Earth's 5.50 x 10-5 T field. What is the current when the wire experiences a force of 7.00
The force on the rectangular loop of wire in the magnetic field in Figure 22.53 can be used to measure field strength. The field is uniform, and the plane of the loop is perpendicular to the
(a) What is the angle between a wire carrying an 8.00-A current and the 1.20-T field it is in if 50.0 cm of the wire experiences a magnetic force of 2.40 N?(b) What is the force on the wire if it is
(a) By how many percent is the torque of a motor decreased if its permanent magnets lose 5.0% of their strength?(b) How many percent would the current need to be increased to return the torque to
Find the current through a loop needed to create a maximum torque of 9.00 N·m. The loop has 50 square turns that are 15.0 cm on a side and is in a uniform 0.800-T magnetic field.
Calculate the magnetic field strength needed on a 200-turn square loop 20.0 cm on a side to create a maximum torque of 300 N·m if the loop is carrying 25.0 A.
Since the equation for torque on a current- carrying loop is τ = NIAB sin θ, the units of N. m must equal units of A·m2 T. Verify this.
(a) At what angle is the torque on a current loop 90.0% of maximum?(b) 50.0% of maximum? (c) 10.0% of maximum?
A proton has a magnetic field due to its spin on its axis. The field is similar to that created by a circular current loop 0.650 x 10-15 m in radius with a current of 1.05 x 104 A (no kidding). Find
Repeat Exercise 22.41, but with the loop lying flat on the ground with its current circulating counterclockwise (when viewed from above) in a location where the Earth's field is north, but at an
The force per meter between the two wires of a jumper cable being used to start a stalled car is 0.225 N/m.(a) What is the current in the wires, given they are separated by 2.00 cm? (b) Is the force
A 2.50-m segment of wire supplying current to the motor of a submerged submarine carries 1000 A and feels a 4.00-N repulsive force from a parallel wire 5.00 cm away. What is the direction and
The wire carrying 400 A to the motor of a commuter train feels an attractive force of 4.00 x 10-3 N/m due to a parallel wire carrying 5.00 A to a headlight.(a) How far apart are the wires? (b) Are
Figure 22.54 shows a long straight wire near a rectangular current loop. What is the direction and magnitude of the total force on the loop? 10.0 cm /₁ = 15.0 A 1₂ = 30.0 A 30.0 cm 7.50 cm
Indicate whether the magnetic field created in each of the three situations shown in Figure 22.56 is into or out of the page on the left and right of the current. Left Right AI (a) Left Right Left
An AC appliance cord has its hot and neutral wires separated by 3.00 mm and carries a 5.00-A current.(a) What is the average force per meter between the wires in the cord? (b) What is the maximum
What are the directions of the fields in the center of the loop and coils shown in Figure 22.57? ○ MAMA MAMMA (a) (b) (c)
What are the directions of the currents in the loop and coils shown in Figure 22.58? X B (a) MAMMA = = MAMA B B (b) (c)
To see why an MRI utilizes iron to increase the magnetic field created by a coil, calculate the current needed in a 400-loop-per-meter circular coil 0.660 m in radius to create a 1.20-T field
Find the magnitude and direction of the magnetic field at the point equidistant from the wires in Figure 22.55(a), using the rules of vector addition to sum the contributions from each wire. -10.0
Find the magnitude and direction of the magnetic field at the point equidistant from the wires in Figure 22.55(b), using the rules of vector addition to sum the contributions from each wire. -10.0
What current is needed in the top wire in Figure 22.55(a) to produce a field of zero at the point equidistant from the wires, if the currents in the bottom two wires are both 10.0 A into the page?
(a) A pendulum is set up so that its bob (a thin copper disk) swings between the poles of a permanent magnet as shown in Figure 22.60. What is the magnitude and direction of the magnetic force on the
Calculate the size of the magnetic field 20 m below a high voltage power line. The line carries 450 MW at a voltage of 300,000 V.
(a) What voltage will accelerate electrons to a speed of 6.00 x 106 m/s?(b) Find the radius of curvature of the path of a proton accelerated through this potential in a 0.500-T field and compare this
Find the radius of curvature of the path of a 25.0-MeV proton moving perpendicularly to the 1.20-T field of a cyclotron.
To construct a nonmechanical water meter, a 0.500-T magnetic field is placed across the supply water pipe to a home and the Hall voltage is recorded.(a) Find the flow rate in liters per second
(a) Calculate the maximum torque on a 50-turn, 1.50 cm radius circular current loop carrying 50 μA in a 0.500-T field.(b) If this coil is to be used in a galvanometer that reads 50 μA full scale,
(a) Show that the period of the circular orbit of a charged particle moving perpendicularly to a uniform magnetic field is T = 2πm/(qB).(b) What is the frequency f?(c) What is the angular velocity
A current balance used to define the ampere is designed so that the current through it is constant, as is the distance between wires. Even so, if the wires change length with temperature, the force
A cyclotron accelerates charged particles as shown in Figure 22.61. Using the results of the previous problem, calculate the frequency of the accelerating voltage needed for a proton in a 1.20-T
(a) A 0.140-kg baseball, pitched at 40.0 m/s horizontally and perpendicular to the Earth's horizontal 5.00 x 10-5 T field, has a 100-nC charge on it. What distance is it deflected from its path by
One long straight wire is to be held directly above another by repulsion between their currents. The lower wire carries 100 A and the wire 7.50 cm above it is 10-gauge (2.588 mm diameter) copper
(a) Find the charge on a baseball, thrown at 35.0 m/s perpendicular to the Earth's 5.00 × 10-5 T field, that experiences a 1.00-N magnetic force.(b) What is unreasonable about this result? (c)
A charged particle having mass 6.64 x 10-27 kg (that of a helium atom) moving at 8.70 x 105 m/s perpendicular to a 1.50-T magnetic field travels in a circular path of radius 16.0 mm.(a) What is the
An inventor wants to generate 120-V power by moving a 1.00-m-long wire perpendicular to the Earth's 5.00 x 10-5 T field.(a) Find the speed with which the wire must move. (b) What is unreasonable
Frustrated by the small Hall voltage obtained in blood flow measurements, a medical physicist decides to increase the applied magnetic field strength to get a 0.500-V output for blood moving at 30.0
Consider a mass separator that applies a magnetic field perpendicular to the velocity of ions and separates the ions based on the radius of curvature of their paths in the field. Construct a problem
Consider using the torque on a current-carrying coil in a magnetic field to detect relatively small magnetic fields (less than the field of the Earth, for example). Construct a problem in which you
What is the maximum strength of the B-field in an electromagnetic wave that has a maximum E-field strength of 1000 V/m?StrategyTo find the B-field strength, we rearrange the above equation to solve
Critical Thinking A magnetic field of 2.00 x 10-7 T in the positive x-direction exists. Three electrons pass through the origin, one at a time, each with a velocity of 5.00 x 107 m/s. The first
Calculate the wavelengths of a 1530-kHz AM radio signal, a 105.1-MHz FM radio signal, and a 1.90-GHz cell phone signal.Strategy The relationship between wavelength and frequency is c = f, where c =
Show that, when SI units for μ0 and ε0 are entered, the units given by the right-hand side of the equation in the problem above are m/s.
During laser vision correction, a brief burst of 193-nm ultraviolet light is projected onto the cornea of a patient. It makes a spot 0.80 mm in diameter and evaporates a layer of cornea 0.30 μm
What is the maximum electric field strength in an electromagnetic wave that has a maximum magnetic field strength of 5.00 x 10-4 T (about 10 times the Earth's)?
On its highest power setting, a certain microwave oven projects 1.00 kW of microwaves onto a 30.0 by 40.0 cm area.(a) What is the intensity in W/m2?(b) Calculate the peak electric field strength E0
A certain 50.0-Hz AC power line radiates an electromagnetic wave having a maximum electric field strength of 13.0 kV/m. (a) What is the wavelength of this very low frequency electromagnetic
During normal beating, the heart creates a maximum 4.00-mV potential across 0.300 m of a person’s chest, creating a 1.00-Hz electromagnetic wave. (a) What is the maximum electric field strength
(a) The ideal size (most efficient) for a broadcast antenna with one end on the ground is one-fourth the wavelength (λ/4) of the electromagnetic radiation being sent out. If a new radio station has
(a) What is the wavelength of 100-MHz radio waves used in an MRI unit? (b) If the frequencies are swept over a ±1.00 range centered on 100 MHz, what is the range of wavelengths broadcast?
TV-reception antennas for VHF are constructed with cross wires supported at their centers, as shown in Figure 24.26. The ideal length for the cross wires is one-half the wavelength to be received,
Laser vision correction often uses an excimer laser that produces 193-nm electromagnetic radiation. This wavelength is extremely strongly absorbed by the cornea and ablates it in a manner that
Conversations with astronauts on lunar walks had an echo that was used to estimate the distance to the Moon. The sound spoken by the person on Earth was transformed into a radio signal sent to the
Lunar astronauts placed a reflector on the Moon's surface, off which a laser beam is periodically reflected. The distance to the Moon is calculated from the round-trip time.(a) To what accuracy in
Radar is used to determine distances to various objects by measuring the round-trip time for an echo from the object. (a) How far away is the planet Venus if the echo time is 1000 s? (b) What is
(a) Calculate the ratio of the highest to lowest frequencies of electromagnetic waves the eye can see, given the wavelength range of visible light is from 380 to 760 nm.(b) Compare this with the
(a) Calculate the rate in watts at which heat transfer through radiation occurs (almost entirely in the infrared) from 1.0 m2 of the Earth's surface at night. Assume the emissivity is 0.90, the
What is the intensity of an electromagnetic wave with a peak electric field strength of 125 V/m?
An AM radio transmitter broadcasts 50.0 kW of power uniformly in all directions.(a) Assuming all of the radio waves that strike the ground are completely absorbed, and that there is no absorption by
Suppose the maximum safe intensity of microwaves for human exposure is taken to be 1.00 W/m2.(a) If a radar unit leaks 10.0 W of microwaves (other than those sent by its antenna) uniformly in all
A 2.50-m-diameter university communications satellite dish receives TV signals that have a maximum electric field strength (for one channel) of 7.50 μV/m. (See Figure 24.27.)(a) What is the
Show that for a continuous sinusoidal electromagnetic wave, the peak intensity is twice the average intensity (I0 = 2Iave), using either the fact that E0 = √2Erms, or B0 = √2Brms , where rms
Suppose a source of electromagnetic waves radiates uniformly in all directions in empty space where there are no absorption or interference effects.(a) Show that the intensity is inversely
Police radar determines the speed of motor vehicles using the same Doppler-shift technique employed for ultrasound in medical diagnostics. Beats are produced by mixing the double Doppler- shifted
An LC circuit with a 5.00-pF capacitor oscillates in such a manner as to radiate at a wavelength of 3.30 m.(a) What is the resonant frequency? (b) What inductance is in series with the capacitor?
Assume the mostly infrared radiation from a heat lamp acts like a continuous wave with wavelength 1.50 μm.(a) If the lamp's 200-W output is focused on a person's shoulder, over a circular area 25.0
On its highest power setting, a microwave oven increases the temperature of 0.400 kg of spaghetti by 45.0°C in 120 s.(a) What was the rate of power absorption by the spaghetti, given that its
A 200-turn flat coil of wire 30.0 cm in diameter acts as an antenna for FM radio at a frequency of 100 MHz. The magnetic field of the incoming electromagnetic wave is perpendicular to the coil and
If electric and magnetic field strengths vary sinusoidally in time, being zero at t = 0, then E = E0 sin 2πft and B = B0 sin 2πft. Let f = 1.00 GHz here.(a) When are the field strengths first
A researcher measures the wavelength of a 1.20-GHz electromagnetic wave to be 0.500 m.(a) Calculate the speed at which this wave propagates.(b) What is unreasonable about this result? (c) Which
The peak magnetic field strength in a residential microwave oven is 9.20 x 10-5 T.(a) What is the intensity of the microwave? (b) What is unreasonable about this result? (c) What is wrong about the
Consider electromagnetic fields produced by high voltage power lines. Construct a problem in which you calculate the intensity of this electromagnetic radiation in W/m2 based on the measured magnetic
Consider the most recent generation of residential satellite dishes that are a little less than half a meter in diameter. Construct a problem in which you calculate the power received by the dish and
An LC circuit containing a 2.00-H inductor oscillates at such a frequency that it radiates at a 1.00-m wavelength.(a) What is the capacitance of the circuit? (b) What is unreasonable about this
(a) Consider the examples given in Ohm’s Law: Resistance and Simple Circuits and Resistance and Resistivity. Then find the power dissipated by the car headlight in these examples, both when it is

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