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social science
behavioral psychology
Myers' Psychology For The Ap(r) Course 3rd Edition David G. Myers, C. Nathan DeWall - Solutions
=+19-1 Describe the Gestalt psychologists' understanding of perceptual organization, and explain how figure-ground and grouping principles contrib- ute to our perceptions.
=+5. If you scratch your eye, which structure are you most likely to damage?a. Pupilb. Irisc. Cornead. Lense. Foveaa. Rodsb. Conesc. Fovead. Lense. Cornea
=+4. Your best friend decides to paint her room an extremel bright electric blue. Which of the following best descri the physical properties of the color's light waves?a. No wavelength; large amplitudeb. Short wavelength; large amplitudec. Short wavelength; small amplituded. Long wavelength; large
=+ 3. Which of the following structures helps you most in detecting the color of your friend's shirt?
=+2. What do we call the specialized neurons in the occipital lobe's visual cortex that respond to particular edges, lines, angles, and movements?a. Rodsb. Conesc. Bipolar cellsd. Feature detectorse. Ganglion cells
=+1. Which perceptual process explains why you can see varied aspects of your favorite singer's face and instantly recognize him or her?a. Selective attentionb. Accommodationc. Psychokinesisd. Blindsighte. Parallel processing
=+18-5 Explain how the brain uses parallel pro- cessing to construct visual perceptions.
=+18-4 Describe the loca- tion and function of feature. detectors.
=+18-3 Discuss how we perceive color in the world around us.
=+ 18-2 Describe how the rods and cones process information, and explain the path information travels from the eye to the brain.
=+18-1 Discuss the char- acteristics of the energy that we see as visible light, and describe the structures in the eye that help focus that energy.
=+a. Precognitionb. Psychokinesisc. Clairvoyanced. Telepathye. Bottom-up processing
=+3. A famous psychic is a YouTube sensation because of his ability to read the minds of people in the audience at his shows. Which type of psychic power would he claim?
=+2. On a warm summer day, Kimberly tells her brother to put on a suit. Kimberly's brother knows to put on a swimsuit instead of a business suit because ofa. context.b. priming.c. sensory adaptation.d. bottom-up processing.e. clairvoyance.
=+1. Tonya's psychology teacher played some backwards mu- sic to the class, and they were not able to make out any words or phrases in the selection. When the teacher told them to listen for the words "The rat ate the cat" when she played it again, most of the class now heard the words. Which
=+17-2 Describe the claims of ESP, and discuss what most research psychologists have concluded after putting these claims to the test.
=+17-1 Analyze the ways in which our expectations, contexts, motivation, and emotions influence our per- ceptions.
=+16-6 Explain the func- tion of sensory adaptation.
=+16-5 Discuss how we are affected by subliminal stimuli.
=+16-4 Discuss the dif- ference between absolute thresholds and difference thresholds.
=+16-3 Describe the three steps that are basic to all our sensory systems.
=+16-2 Discuss how selective attention directs our perceptions.
=+16-1 Describe sensation and perception, and explain the difference between bottom-up processing and top-down processing.
=+3. Which of the following is true regarding the initiation of sexual activity?a. Men are more likely to initiate sexual activity than women.b. Women are more likely to initiate sexual activity than men.c. The initiation of sexual activity for both men and women correlates with how many television
=+2. Which of the following best describes genetic mutation?a. Random errors in gene replicationb. The study of the mind's evolutionc. The study of behavioral evolutiond. Passing on successful, inherited traitse. Survival of the genetically successful
=+a. evolutionary psychology.b. epigenetics.c. the biopsychosocial approach.d. consciousness.e. natural selection.
=+1. The interaction of biological influences, psychological influences, and social-cultural influences on our behavior is known as
=+15-4 Describe the biopsychosocial approach to development.
=+15-3 Explain the key criticisms of evolutionary explanations of human sexuality, and discuss how evolutionary psychologists respond.
=+15-2 Discuss evolutionary explanations for male-female differences in sexuality and mating preferences.
=+15-1 Describe evolutionary psychologists' use of natural selection to explain behavior tendencies.
=+14-4 Describe how molecular genetics research is changing our understanding of the effects of nature and nurture.
=+14-3 Explain what is meant by heritability and discuss how it relates to individuals and groups.
=+ 14-2 Explain how twin and adoption studies help us understand the effects and interactions of nature and nurture.
=+14-1 Define chromosomes, DNA, genes, and the human genome, and describe how behavior geneticists explain our individual differences.
=+6. Patients with a split brain have had which structure in their brain severed?a. Thalamusb. Corpus callosumc. Ponsd. Cerebral cortexe. Occipital lobe
=+ 5. The dual-processing model refers to which of the follow- ing ideas?a. The right and left hemispheres of the brain both process incoming messages.b. Incoming information is processed by both conscious and unconscious tracks.c. Each lobe of the brain processes incoming information.d. The brain
=+4. Which of the following is most likely to be a function of the left hemisphere?a. Speechb. Evaluating perceptual tasksc. Making inferencesd. Identifying emotion in other people's facese. Identifying one's sense of self
=+3. You are aware that a dog is viciously barking at you, but you are not aware of the type of dog. Later, you are able to describe the type and color of the dog. This ability to process information without conscious awareness best exemplifies which of the following?a. Split brainb. Blindsightc.
=+2. A split-brain patient has a picture of a dog flashed to his right hemisphere and a cat to his left hemisphere. Which of the following will he be able to verbalize?a. That he saw a dog.b. That he saw a cat.c. That he saw both a dog and a cat.d. That he did not see anything at all.e. He will
=+1. A split-brain patient has a picture of a dog flashed to his right hemisphere and a cat to his left hemisphere. He will be able to identify thea. cat using his right hand.b. dog using his right hand.c. dog using either hand.d. cat using either hand.e. cat using his left hand.
=+13-2 Discuss the dual processing being revealed by today's cognitive neuroscience.
=+13-1 Explain what split brains reveal about the functions of our two brain hemispheres.
=+8. Neurogenesis is the process by whicha. one brain structure takes on the functions of an adjacent structure.b. our brain creates new neurons.c. the amygdala and thalamus work together to keep the body awake and alert.d. association areas expand as new material is learned.e. the brain adapts to
=+7. The ability of our brain to adapt to damage, where one area may take over the function of the damaged area, is due toa. lesioning.b. positron emission training.c. Broca's area.d. Wernicke's area.e. plasticity.
=+ 6. Cognitive neural prosthetics are placed in the brain to help control parts of thea. motor cortex.b. auditory cortex.c. somatosensory cortex.d. visual cortex.e. olfaction areas.
=+5. The most noticeable difference between human brains and other mammalian brains is the size of thea. association areas.b. frontal lobe.c. glial cells.d. reticular activating system.e. visual cortex.
=+4. Which lobe of the brain is located in the top rear of the brain?a. Occipitalb. Parietalc. Frontald. Temporale. Corpus callosum
=+ 3. Stimulation of which of the following may cause a person to involuntarily move their arm?a. Somatosensory cortexb. Motor cortexc. Glial cellsd. Reticular activating systeme. Visual cortex
=+2. Paul is having difficulty understanding what his wife is saying. Which of the following areas is most likely damaged?a. The frontal lobed. Wernicke's areab. The parietal lobee. Broca's areac. The occipital lobe
=+1. Damage to which of the following could interfere with the ability to plan for the future?a. Frontal lobeb. Temporal lobec. Parietal lobed. Occipital lobee. Somatosensory cortex
=+12-4 Discuss the brain's ability to reorganize itself after damage, and explain neurogenesis.
=+12-3 Discuss how the brain adjusts to new experiences.
=+12-2 Analyze the notion that we really use only 10 percent of our brain.
=+12-1 Describe the four lobes that make up the cerebral cortex and explain the functions of the motor cortex, somatosensory cortex, and association areas.
=+ 7. Damage to which of following brain structures would affect the processing of new explicit memories?a. Cerebral cortexb. Medullac. Corpus callosumd. Hippocampuse. Hypothalamus
=+a. Happinessb. Aggressionc. Hungerd. Loss of balancee. Dreaming
=+ 6. Stimulation of the amygdala is most likely to have which of the following effects?
=+5. Which of the following brain areas is responsible for regulating hunger and thirst?a. Reticular activating systemb. Amygdalac. Hypothalamusd. Hippocampuse. Brainstem
=+4. Which of the following is sometimes referred to as the brain's sensory switchboard, because it directs incoming sensory messages (with the exception of smell) to their proper places in the brain?a. Hypothalamusb. Pituitaryc. Cerebellumd. Limbic systeme. Thalamus
=+3. Which of the following scanning techniques measures glucose consumption as an indicator of brain activity?a. CTb. MRIc. fMRId. PETe. EEG
=+2. A gymnast falls and hits her head on the floor. She attempts to continue practicing but has trouble maintaining balance. What part of her brain has prob- ably been affected?a. Reticular formationb. Cerebellumc. Amygdalad. Thalamuse. Medulla
=+1. Damage to which of the following puts a person's life in the most danger because it may cause breathing to stop?a. Amygdalad. Hippocampusb. Thalamusc. Medullae. Hypothalamus
=+11-3 Describe the limbic system's structures and functions.
=+11-2 Describe the components of the brainstem, and summarize the functions of the brainstem, thalamus, reticular formation, and cerebellum.
=+11-1 Describe several techniques for studying the brain's connections to behavior and mind.
=+8. The role of interneurons is tod. thalamus.e. ovaries.a. send messages from specific body parts to the brain.b. transmit and process information within the brain and spinal cord.c. act as connectors, supporting other neurons in the brain.d. send messages from the brain to body parts.e.
=+7. Female sex hormones are released by thea. parathyroid glands.b. pituitary gland.c. hypothalamus.
=+6. Which division of the nervous system enables a person to move the muscles necessary to walk down the street?a. Central nervous systemd. Somatice. Endocrineb. Sympatheticc. Parasympathetic
=+5. Which of the following communicates with the pituitary, which in turn controls the endocrine system?a. Parathyroid glandsb. Autonomic nervous systemc. Hypothalamusd. Spinal corde. Pancreas
=+4. Which of the following endocrine glands may explain unusually tall height in a 12-year-old?a. Pituitaryb. Adrenalc. Pancreasd. Parathyroide. Testes
=+3. Which division of the autonomic nervous system calms a person down once a stressful event has passed?a. Parasympatheticb. Centralc. Somaticd. Sympathetice. Endocrine
=+ 2. Hormones are bloodstream.a. neuronsb. myelinc. action potentialsd. Receptor neurone. Cortisol released into thed. electrical messengerse. chemical messengers
=+1. If you accidentally touch a hot stove, which of the fol- lowing is responsible for moving your hand away before you even realize what you have done?a. Sensory neuronb. Motor neuronc. Interneuron
=+10-2 Describe the nature and functions of the endocrine system and its interaction with the nervous system.
=+10-1 Describe the functions of the nervous system's main divisions, and identify the three main types of neurons.
=+ explain how drugs and other chemicals. affect neurotransmission.
=+9-4 Describe how neurotransmitters influence behavior,?
=+9-3 Describe how nerve cells communicate with other nerve cells.
=+9-2 Describe the parts of a neuron, and explain how neural impulses are generated.
=+9-1 Explain why psychologists are concerned with human biology.
=+a. 34 percentb. 40 percentc. 50 percentd. 68 percente. 95 percent
=+ 5. In a normal distribution, what percentage of the scores in the distribution falls within one standard deviation on either side of the mean?
=+a. indicate the significance of the data; summarize the datab. describe data from experiments; describe data from surveys and case studiesc. are measures of central tendency; are measures of varianced. determine if data can be generalized to other populations; summarize datae. summarize data;
=+4. Descriptive statistics_ tistics while inferential sta-
=+ 3. A researcher calculates statistical significance for her study and finds a 5 percent chance that results are due to chance. Which of the following is an accurate interpreta- tion of this finding?a. This is highly statistically significance.b. This is the minimum result typically considered
=+ 2. Which measure of central tendency is most influenced by outliers (data that is extremely different from other data in the set)?a. Meanb. Medianc. Moded. Standard deviatione. Histogram
=+1. What is the range of the following: 12, 25, 33, 40, 80?a. 68b. 98c. 33d. 38e. 190
=+8-6 Explain how we determine whether an ob- served difference can be gen- eralized to other populations.
=+ 8-5 Describe inferential statistics.
=+8-4 Discuss the relative usefulness of the two mea- sures of variation.
=+ 8-3 Explain how we describe data using the three measures of central tendency.
=+ B-2 Describe descriptive statistics.
=+8-1 Explain why we need statistics in psychology and in everyday life.
=+ 4. Which of the following animal studies is most likely to receive approval?a. Do monkeys who smoke get cancer?b. Are dogs who are abused violent?c. Will rats deprived of food for 1 week survive?d. What are the effects of raising kittens in isolation?e. Can dolphins learn simple language?
=+3. The laboratory environment is designed toa. exactly re-create the events of everyday life.b. re-create psychological forces under controlled conditions.c. re-create psychological forces under random conditions.d. minimize the use of animals and humans in psychological research.e. provide the
=+2. Which ethical principle requires that at the end of the study participants be told about the true purpose of the research?a. Institutional review board approvalb. Informed consentc. Confidentialityd. Debriefinge. Protection from physical harm
=+1. What must a researcher do to fulfill the ethical principle of informed consent?a. Keep information about participants confidential.b. Provide financial compensation to the participants.c. Protect participants from potential harm.d. Provide participants with enough information about a study to
=+7-5 Describe how values affect psychological science.
=+ 7-4 Describe the ethical guidelines that safeguard human research participants.
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