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Statistics Plus New Mylab Statistics With Pearson Etext Access Card Package 13th Edition James Mcclave ,Terry Sincich - Solutions

Environmental impact study. Some power plants are located near rivers or oceans so that the available water can be used to cool the condensers. Suppose that, as part of an environmental impact study, a power company wants to estimate the difference in mean water temperature between the discharge of
Animal-assisted therapy for heart patients. Refer to the American Heart Association Conference (Nov. 2005) study to gauge whether animal-assisted therapy can improve the physiological responses of heart failure patients, presented in Exercise 2.112(p. 106). Recall that a sample of n = 26 heart
Life expectancy of Oscar winners. Does winning an Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences award lead to long-term mortality for movie actors? In an article in the Annals of Internal Medicine (May 15, 2001), researchers sampled 762 Academy Award winners and matched each one with another actor of
Reading tongue twisters. According to Webster’s New World Dictionary, a tongue twister is “a phrase that is hard to speak rapidly.” Do tongue twisters have an effect on the length of time it takes to read silently? To answer this question, 42 undergraduate psychology students participated in
Mongolian desert ants. Refer to the Journal of Biogeography (Dec. 2003) study of ants in Mongolia (central Asia), presented in Exercise 2.68(p. 91). Recall that botanists placed seed baits at 5 sites in the Dry Steppe region and 6 sites in the Gobi Desert and observed the number of ant species
Identical twins reared apart. Because they share an identical genotype, twins make ideal subjects for investigating the degree to which various environmental conditions affect personality. The classical method of studying this phenomenon, and the subject of a book by Susan Farber(Identical Twins
Killing insects with low oxygen. Refer to the Journal of Agricultural, Biological, and Environmental Statistics(Sept. 2000) study of the mortality of rice weevils exposed to low oxygen, presented in Exercise 8.92(p. 436).Recall that 31,386 of 31,421 rice weevils were found dead after exposure to
Light-to-dark transition of genes. Synechocystis, a type of bacterium that can grow and survive under a wide range of conditions, is used by scientists to model DNA behavior.In the Journal of Bacteriology (July 2002), scientists isolated genes of the bacterium responsible for photosynthesis and
Effectiveness of drug tests of Olympic athletes.Erythropoietin (EPO) is a banned drug used by athletes to increase the oxygen-carrying capacity of their blood.New tests for EPO were first introduced prior to the 2000 Olympic Games held in Sydney, Australia. Chance (Spring 2004) reported that of a
Swim maze study. Merck Research Labs used the single-T swim maze to conduct an experiment to evaluate the effect of a new drug. Nineteen impregnated dam rats were allocated a dosage of 12.5 milligrams of the drug. One male and one female rat pup were randomly selected from each resulting litter to
Pig castration study. Two methods of castrating male piglets were investigated in Applied Animal Behaviour Science (Nov. 1, 2000). Method 1 involved an incision in the spermatic cords, while Method 2 involved pulling and severing the cords. Forty-nine male piglets were randomly allocated to one of
Instrument precision. The quality control department of a paper company measures the brightness (a measure of reflectance)of finished paper on a periodic basis throughout the day. Two instruments that are available to measure the paper specimens are subject to error, but they can be adjusted so
Testing electronic circuits. Japanese researchers have developed a compression–depression method of testing electronic circuits based on Huffman coding (IEICE Transactions on Information & Systems, Jan. 2005). The new method is designed to reduce the time required for input decompression and
Gambling in public high schools. With the rapid growth in legalized gambling in the United States, there is concern that the involvement of youth in gambling activities is also increasing. University of Minnesota professor Randy Stinchfield compared the annual rates of gambling among Minnesota
MS and exercise study. A study published in Clinical Kinesiology (Spring 1995) was designed to examine the metabolic and cardiopulmonary responses during exercise of persons diagnosed with multiple sclerosis (MS). Leg-cycling and arm-cranking exercises were performed by 10 MS patients and 10
Self-managed work teams and family life. To improve quality, productivity, and timeliness, more and more American industries are utilizing self-managed work teams (SMWTs).A team typically consists of 5 to 15 workers who are collectively responsible for making decisions and performing all tasks
Detection of rigged school milk prices. Each year, the state of Kentucky invites bids from dairies to supply half-pint containers of fluid milk products for its school districts. In several school districts in northern Kentucky (called the “tri-county” market), two suppliers—Meyer Dairy and
Crab spiders hiding on flowers. Refer to the Behavioral Ecology (Jan. 2005) experiment on crab spiders’ use of camouflage to hide from predators (e.g., birds) on flowers, presented in Exercise 2.42(p. 79). Researchers at the French Museum of Natural History collected a sample of 10 adult female
Cheek teeth of extinct primates. Refer to the American Journal of Physical Anthropology (Vol. 142, 2010) study of the characteristics of cheek teeth (e.g., molars) in an extinct primate species, Exercise 2.38(p. 78). Recall that the researchers recorded the dentary depth of molars(in millimeters)
Radon exposure in Egyptian tombs. Refer to the Radiation Protection Dosimetry (Dec. 2010) study of radon exposure in Egyptian tombs, Exercise 7.39(p. 362). The radon levels—measured in becquerels per cubic meter (Bq/m3)—in the inner chambers of a sample of 12 tombs are listed in the table. For
Yield strength of steel connecting bars. To protect against earthquake damage, steel beams are typically fitted and connected with plastic hinges. However, these plastic hinges are prone to deformations and are difficult to inspect and repair. An alternative method of connecting steel beams—one
Pitch memory of amusiacs. Amusia is a congenital disorder that adversely impacts one’s perception of music. Refer to the Advances in Cognitive Psychology (Vol. 6, 2010) study of the pitch memory of individuals diagnosed with amusia, Exercise 7.45(p. 363). Recall that each in a sample of 17
Free recall memory strategy. Psychologists who study memory often use a measure of “free recall” (e.g., the number of correctly recalled items in a list of to-beremembered items). The strategy used to memorize the list—for example, category clustering—is often just as important. Researchers
Increasing hardness of polyester composites. Polyester resins reinforced with fiberglass are used to fabricate wall panels of restaurants. It is theorized that adding cement kiln dust (CKD) to the polyester composite will increase wall panel hardness. In a study published in Advances in Applied
Minimizing tractor skidding distance. Refer to the Journal of Forest Engineering (July 1999) study of minimizing tractor skidding distances along a new road in a European forest, presented in Exercise 7.48(p. 364). The skidding distances (in meters) were measured at 20 randomly selected road sites.
Dissolved organic compound in lakes. The level of dissolved oxygen in the surface water of a lake is vital to maintaining the lake’s ecosystem. Environmentalists from the University of Wisconsin monitored the dissolved oxygen levels over time for a sample of 25 lakes in the state (Aquatic
Walking straight into circles. When people get lost in unfamiliar terrain, do they really walk in circles, as is commonly believed? To answer this question, researchers conducted a field experiment and reported the results in Current Biology (Sept. 29, 2009). Fifteen volunteers were blindfolded and
Lengths of great white sharks. One of the most feared predators in the ocean is the great white shark. It is known that the white shark grows to a mean length of 21 feet;however, one marine biologist believes that great white sharks off the Bermuda coast grow much longer owing to unusual feeding
Which statistical distribution is typically associated with making inferences about a population proportion p?
What are the assumptions for a valid large-sample test for p?
For the binomial sample sizes and null-hypothesized values of p in each part, determine whether the sample size is large enough to use the normal approximation methodology presented in this section to conduct a test of the null hypothesis H0: p = p0.a. n = 600, p0 = .06b. n = 200, p0 = .99c. n =
Suppose a random sample of 100 observations from a binomial population gives a value of pn = .69 and you wish to test the null hypothesis that the population parameter p is equal to .75 against the alternative hypothesis that p is less than .75.a. Noting that pn = .69, what does your intuition tell
Suppose the sample in Exercise 8.76 has produced pn = .74 and we wish to test H0: p = .8 against the alternative Ha: p 6 .8.a. Calculate the value of the z statistic for this test.b. Note that the numerator of the z statistic 1pn - p0 = .74 - .80 = -.062 is the same as for Exercise 8.76.Considering
A random sample of 100 observations is selected from a binomial population with unknown probability of success p.The computed value of pn is equal to .70.a. Test H0: p = .61 against Ha: p 7 .61. Use a = .01.b. Test H0: p = .61 against Ha: p 7 .61. Use a = .10.c. Test H0: p = .86 against Ha: p
Refer to Exercise 7.58(p. 370), in which 50 consumers taste-tested a new snack food.a. Test H0: p = .5 against Ha: p 7 .5, where p is the proportion of customers who do not like the snack food.Use a = .10.b. Report the observed significance level of your test.
Paying for music downloads. If you use the Internet, have you ever paid to access or download music? This was one of the questions of interest in a recent Pew Internet and American Life Project Survey (Oct. 2010). In a representative sample of 755 adults who use the Internet, 506 stated that they
Underwater sound-locating ability of alligators. Alligators have shown the ability to determine the direction of an airborne sound. But can they locate underwater sounds? This was the subject of research published in the Journal of Herpetology (Dec. 2014). Alligators inhabiting the flood control
Gummy bears: red or yellow? Chance (Winter 2010) presented a lesson in hypothesis testing carried out by medical students in a biostatistics class. Students were blind-folded and then given a red-colored or yellow-colored gummy bear to chew. (Half the students were randomly assigned to receive the
Dehorning of dairy calves. For safety reasons, calf dehorning has become a routine practice at dairy farms.A report by Europe’s Standing Committee on the Food Chain and Animal Health (SANKO) stated that 80% of European dairy farms carry out calf dehorning. A later study, published in the Journal
Teenagers’ use of emoticons in school writing. Refer to the Pew Internet and American Life Project (Apr. 2008) survey of the writing habits of U.S. teenagers, Exercise 7.69(p. 371). Recall that in a random sample of 700 teenagers, 448 admitted to using at least one informal element in school
TV subscription streaming. “Streaming” of television programs is trending upward. According to The Harris Poll(Aug. 26, 2013), over one-third of Americans qualify as“subscription streamers,” i.e., those who watch streamed TV programs through a subscription service such as Netflix, Hulu
Underwater acoustic communication. Refer to the IEEE Journal of Oceanic Engineering (Apr. 2013) study of the characteristics of subcarriers—telecommunication signals carried on top of another—for underwater acoustic communications, Exercise 4.80(p. 241). Recall that a subcarrier can be
Identifying organisms using a computer. National Science Education Standards recommend that all life science students be exposed to methods of identifying unknown biological specimens. Due to certain limitations of traditional identification methods, biology professors at Slippery Rock University
Organic certified coffee. Coffee markets that conform to organic standards focus on the environmental aspect of coffee growing, such as the use of shade trees and a reduced reliance on chemical pesticides. A study of organic coffee growers was published in Food Policy (Vol. 36, 2010). In a
Detection of motorcycles while driving. The factors that affect the visibility of powered two-wheelers (PTWs)—motorcycles—on the road were investigated in Accident Analysis and Prevention (Vol. 44, 2012). A visual search study was conducted in which viewers were presented with pictures of
Defensibility of a landscape. Settlers often chose sites to live and build communities in based on the landscape’s defensibility.The defensibility of archaeological sites in the Northwest Pacific was investigated in the Journal of Anthropological Archaeology (Vol. 35, 2014). A defensibility index
Astronomy students and the Big Bang Theory. Indiana University professors investigated first-year college students’knowledge of astronomy (Astronomy Education Review, Vol. 2, 2003). One concept of interest was the Big Bang theory of the creation of the universe. In a sample of 148 freshman
Killing insects with low oxygen. A group of Australian entomological toxicologists investigated the impact of exposure to low oxygen on the mortality of insects (Journal of Agricultural, Biological, and Environmental Statistics, Sept. 2000). Thousands of adult rice weevils were placed in a chamber
Male fetal deaths following 9/11/2001. According to research published in BMC Public Health (May 25, 2010), the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, may have led to a spike in miscarriages of male babies. Researchers from the University of California, using data from the National Vital
How is the power of the test related to the acceptance region?
If the power of the test is .85, what can be said about the probability of committing a Type II error?
If the power of the test tends to unity, then what will be the conclusion for the given testing problem?
Suppose you want to test H0: m = 2,000 against Ha: m 7 2,000, using a = .05. The population in question is normally distributed with standard deviation 140. A random sample of size n = 49 will be used.a. Specify the role of x in this problem.b. Find the value of x0, that value of x above which the
Refer to Exercise 8.97.a. If m = 2,040 instead of 2,020, what is the probability that the hypothesis test will incorrectly fail to reject H0? That is, what is b?b. If m = 2,040, what is the probability that the test will correctly reject the null hypothesis? That is, what is the power of the
It is desired to test H0: m = 60 against Ha: m 6 60, using a = .10. The population in question is uniformly distributed with standard deviation 22.5. A random sample of size 81 will be drawn from the population.a. Describe the (approximate) sampling distribution of x under the assumption that H0 is
Refer to Exercise 8.99.a. Find b for each of the following values of the population mean: 65.4, 63.4, 61.4, 59.4, and 57.4.b. Plot each value of b you obtained in part a against its associated population mean. Show b on the vertical axis and m on the horizontal axis. Draw a curve through the five
Suppose you want to conduct the two-tailed test of H0: p = .8 against Ha: p .8 using a = .05. A random sample of size 100 will be drawn from the population in question.a. Describe the sampling distribution of np under the assumption that H0 is true.b. Describe the sampling distribution of np
Latex allergy in health care workers. Refer to the Current Allergy & Clinical Immunology (March 2004) study of health care workers diagnosed with a latex allergy, Exercise 7.15(p. 352). Consider testing the null hypothesis of m = 20 against the alternative hypothesis of m 6 20 using a = .01, where
Increasing the sample size. Refer to Exercise 8.102. Show what happens to the power curve when the sample size is increased from n = 46 to n = 100. Assume that the standard deviation is s = 11.9.
Gas mileage of the Honda Civic. According to the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Fuel Economy Guide, the 2014 Honda Civic automobile obtains a mean of 36 miles per gallon (mpg) on the highway. Suppose Honda claims that the EPA has underestimated the Civic’s mileage.To support its assertion,
Cooling method for gas turbines. Refer to the Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power (Jan. 2005) study of a new cooling method for gas turbine engines, presented in Exercise 8.46(p. 420). The heat rates (kilojoules per kilowatt per hour) for 67 gas turbines cooled with the new method are
Underwater sound-locating ability of alligators. Refer to the Journal of Herpetology (Dec. 2014) study of whether alligators can locate underwater sounds, Exercise 8.81(p. 434). Recall that the researchers assumed that the proportion of alligators moving toward the underwater sound expected by
Gummy bears: red or yellow? Refer to the Chance (Winter 2010) experiment to determine if color of a gummy bear is related to its flavor, Exercise 8.82(p. 434). You tested the null hypothesis of p = .5 against the two-tailed alternative hypothesis of p .5 using a = .01, where p represents the true
What test statistic is used to make inferences about s2?
What assumption is required for a valid test for s2?
True or False. The null hypotheses H0: s2= .36 and H0: s = .6 are equivalent.
True or False. Even when the sample size n is large, assumptions about the population are necessary to test the population variance s2.
Let x0 2 be a particular value of x2. Find the value of x0 2 such thata. P1x2 7 x0 2 2 = .05 for n = 12b. P1x2 7 x0 2 2 = .10 for n = 9c. P1x2 7 x0 2 2 = .05 for n = 5d. P1x2 6 x0 2 2 = .025 for n = 7e. P1x2 6 x0 2 2 = .10 for n = 10
A random sample of n observations is selected from a normal population to test the null hypothesis that s2= 35.Specify the rejection region for each of the following combinations of Ha,a, and n:a. Ha: s2 35; a = .01; n = 16b. Ha: s2 7 35; a = .01; n = 24c. Ha: s2 7 35; a = .05; n = 15d. Ha: s2 6
A random sample of six measurements gave x = 19.4 and s2= 2.208.a. What assumptions must you make concerning the population in order to test a hypothesis about s2?b. Suppose the assumptions in part a are satisfied. Test the null hypothesis s2= 1 against the alternative hypothesis s2 7 1. Use a =
Refer to Exercise 8.114. Suppose we had n = 80, x = 19.4, and s2= 2.208.a. Test the null hypothesis H0: s2= 1 against the alternative hypothesis Ha: s2 7 1.b. Compare your test result with that of Exercise 8.114.
A random sample of n = 7 observations from a normal population produced the following measurements: 6, 2, 8, 5, 5, 7, and 11. Do the data provide sufficient evidence to indicate that s2 6 2? Test, using a = .05.
Trading skills of institutional investors. The Journal of Finance (Apr. 2011) published the results of an analysis of trading skills of institutional investors. The study focused on “round-trip” trades, i.e., trades in which the same stock was both bought and sold in the same quarter. In a
Irrelevant speech effects. Refer to the Acoustical Science& Technology (Vol. 35, 2014) study of irrelevant speech effects, Exercise 8.47(p. 420). Recall that 71 subjects performed a memorization task under two conditions:(1) with irrelevant background speech and (2) in silence.Descriptive
Characteristics of a rockfall. Refer to the Environmental Geology (Vol. 58, 2009) simulation study of how far a block from a collapsing rockwall will bounce down a soil slope, Exercise 2.61(p. 89). Rebound lengths (in meters) were estimated for 13 rock bounces. The data are repeated in the table.
Shaft graves in ancient Greece. Refer to the American Journal of Archaeology (Jan. 2014) study of sword shaft graves in ancient Greece, Exercise 2.37(p. 78). The number of sword shafts buried at each of 13 recently discovered grave sites is reproduced in the following table. Let s represent the
Latex allergy in health care workers. Refer to the Current Allergy & Clinical Immunology (Mar. 2004) study of n = 46 hospital employees who were diagnosed with a latex allergy from exposure to the powder on latex gloves, presented in Exercise 7.15(p. 352). Recall that the number of latex gloves
Oil content of fried sweet potato chips. Refer to the Journal of Food Engineering (Sept. 2013) study of the characteristics of sweet potato chips fried at different temperatures, Exercise 7.111(p. 384). Recall that a sample of 6 sweet potato slices were fried at 130° using a vacuum fryer and the
Strand bond performance of pre-stressed concrete. An experiment was carried out to investigate the strength of pre-stressed, bonded concrete after anchorage failure has occurred and the results published in Engineering Structures (June 2013). The maximum strand force, measured in kiloNewtons (kN),
Drug content assessment. Analytical Chemistry (Dec. 15, 2009) presented research on a new method used by GlaxoSmithKline Medicines Research Center to determine the amount of drug in a tablet. Drug concentrations(measured as a percentage) for 50 randomly selected tablets are provided in the
Point spreads of football games. During a football league season, oddsmakers establish a point spread on each game for betting purposes. For example, the defending champion were established as a 1-point underdog against another team in a season. The final scores of the games were compared against
Cooling method for gas turbines. Refer to the Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power (Jan. 2005)study of the performance of augmented gas turbine engines, presented in Exercise 8.46(p. 420). Recall that the performance of each in a sample of 67 gas turbines was measured by heat rate
Birth weights of cocaine babies. A group of researchers at the University of Texas-Houston conducted a comprehensive study of pregnant cocaine-dependent women (Journal of Drug Issues, Summer 1997). All the women in the study used cocaine on a regular basis (at least three times a week) for more
Motivation of drug dealers. Refer to the Applied Psychology in Criminal Justice (Sept. 2009) study of the personality characteristics of convicted drug dealers, Exercise 7.17(p. 352). A random sample of 100 drug dealers had a mean Wanting Recognition (WR) score of 39 points, with a standard
What is the p-value associated with a test of hypothesis in statistics?
What is the criterion of the parent population for a large-sample and small-sample test of hypothesis about a population variance s2.
What is the critical value of the test?
If the acceptance of the alternative hypothesis of a particular test would cause your firm to go out of business, would you want a to be small or large? Explain.
Complete the following statement: The larger the p-value associated with a test of hypothesis, the weaker is the support for the ____ hypothesis. Explain your answer.
A random sample of 20 observations selected from a normal population produced x = 82.6 and s2= 29.4.a. Form a 95% confidence interval for m.b. Test H0: m = 90 against Ha: m 6 90. Use a = .05.c. Test H0: m = 90 against Ha: m 90. Use a = .01.d. Form a 90% confidence interval for m.e. How large a
A random sample of n = 300 observations from a binomial population yields pn = .39.a. Test H0: p = .45 against Ha: p 6 .45. Use a = .05.b. Test H0: p = .45 against Ha: p .45. Use a = .05.c. Form a 99% confidence interval for p.d. Form a 95% confidence interval for p.e. How large a sample would be
A random sample of 185 measurements possessed a mean of x = 18.2 and a standard deviation of s = .89.a. Form a 95% confidence interval for m.b. Test H0: m = 18.3 against Ha: m { 18.3. Use a = .05.c. Test H0: m = 18.4 against Ha: m { 18.4. Use a = .05.
A random sample of 51 observations from a normal population possessed a mean of x = 88 and a standard deviation of s = 6.9.a. Test H0: s2= 20 against Ha: s2 7 20. Use a = .05.b. Test H0: s2= 20 against Ha: s2 20. Use a = .05.
A t-test is conducted for the null hypothesis H0: m = 20 versus the alternative hypothesis Ha: m 7 20 for a random sample of n = 25 observations. The test results are t = 1.165 and p@value = .1452.a. Interpret the p-value.b. What assumptions are necessary for the validity of this test?c. Calculate
Use of herbal therapy. According to the Journal of Advanced Nursing (Jan. 2001), 45% of senior women (i.e., women over the age of 65) use herbal therapies to prevent or treat health problems. Also, senior women who use herbal therapies use an average of 2.5 herbal products in a year.a. Give the
FDA mandatory new-drug testing. When a new drug is formulated, the pharmaceutical company must subject it to lengthy and involved testing before receiving the necessary permission from the Food and Drug Administration(FDA) to market the drug. The FDA requires the pharmaceutical company to provide
Sleep deprivation study. In a certain study, 22 healthy college students deprived of one night’s sleep received an array of tests intended to measure their thinking time, fluency, flexibility, and originality of thought. The overall test scores of the sleep-deprived students were compared with
Accuracy of price scanners at Wal-Mart. Refer to Exercise 7.129(p. 387) and the study of the accuracy of checkout scanners at Wal-Mart stores in California. Recall that the National Institute for Standards and Technology (NIST)mandates that, for every 100 items scanned through the electronic
Accounting and Machiavellianism. Behavioral Research in Accounting (Jan. 2008) published a study of Machiavellian traits in accountants. (Machiavellian describes negative character traits that include manipulation, cunning, duplicity, deception, and bad faith.) A Machiavellian (“Mach”)rating
The “Pepsi challenge.” “Take the Pepsi Challenge” was a marketing campaign used by the Pepsi-Cola Company.Coca-Cola drinkers participated in a blind taste test in which they tasted unmarked cups of Pepsi and Coke and were asked to select their favorite. Pepsi claimed that“in recent blind

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