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Statistics Plus New Mylab Statistics With Pearson Etext Access Card Package 13th Edition James Mcclave ,Terry Sincich - Solutions
Music performance anxiety. Refer to the British Journal of Music Education (Mar. 2014) study of music performance anxiety, Exercise 2.39(p. 78). Scores on the Performance Anxiety Inventory (PAI) scale for participants in eight different studies are reproduced in the table.a. Find and interpret the
Corporate sustainability of CPA firms. Refer to the Business and Society (Mar. 2011) study on the sustainability behaviors of CPA corporations, Exercise 2.36(p. 78). Recall that the level of support for corporate sustainability (measured on a quantitative scale ranging from 0 to 160 points) was
Is honey a cough remedy? Refer to the Archives of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine (Dec. 2007) study of honey as a remedy for coughing, Exercise 2.40(p. 79).Recall that the 105 ill children in the sample were randomly divided into three groups: those who received a dosage of an over-the-counter
Cheek teeth of extinct primates. Refer to the American Journal of Physical Anthropology (Vol. 142, 2010) study of the characteristics of cheek teeth (e.g., molars) in an extinct primate species, Exercise 2.38(p. 78). The data on dentary depth of molars (in millimeters) for 18 cheek teeth extracted
Ranking driving performance of professional golfers.A group of Northeastern University researchers developed a new method for ranking the total driving performance of golfers on the Professional Golf Association (PGA) tour(The Sport Journal, Winter 2007). The method requires knowing a golfer’s
Symmetric or skewed? Would you expect the data sets that follow to possess relative frequency distributions that are symmetric, skewed to the right, or skewed to the left? Explain.a. The salaries of all persons employed by a large universityb. The grades on an easy testc. The grades on a difficult
Mongolian desert ants. The Journal of Biogeography (Dec.2003) published an article on the first comprehensive study of ants in Mongolia (Central Asia). Botanists placed seed baits at 11 study sites and observed the ant species attracted to each site. Some of the data recorded at each study site are
Permeability of sandstone during weathering. Natural stone, such as sandstone, is a popular building construction material. An experiment was carried out in order to better understand the decay properties of sandstone when exposed to the weather (Geographical Analysis, Vol. 42, 2010). Blocks of
Mineral flotation in water study. Refer to the Minerals Engineering (Vol. 46–47, 2013) study of the impact of calcium and gypsum on the flotation properties of silica in water, Exercise 2.48(p. 81). The zeta potential (mV) was determined for each of 50 liquid solutions prepared without
Contact lenses for myopia. Myopia (i.e., nearsightedness)is a visual condition that affects over 100 million Americans. Two treatments that may slow myopia progression are the use of (1) corneal reshaping contact lenses and (2) bifocal soft contact lenses. In Optometry and Vision Science (Jan.,
Active nuclear power plants. The U.S. Energy Information Administration monitors all nuclear power plants operating in the United States. The table below lists the number of active nuclear power plants operating in each of a sample of 20 states.a. Find the mean, median, and mode of this data set.b.
Can there be two data sets that are different with respect to data variation but both have the same range?
What is advantage of the range as a measure of variability?
Why do we square the deviation from the mean before adding them to compute the variance?
If data set A has more variance than data set B, which one would have the lower standard deviation?
Calculate the variance and standard deviation for samples for which a. n = 10, x 84. x = 20 b. n=40, x = 380, x = 100 c. n = 20, x-18, x = 17 =
Using only integers between −10 and 10, construct two data sets each with 10 observations such that the two sets have the same mean, but different variances. The two data sets should not have any common units.
Using only integers between −10 and 10, construct two data sets each with 10 observations such that the two sets have the same range, but different means.Moreover, the two data sets should not have any common units.
Shell lengths of sea turtles. Aquatic Biology (Vol. 9, 2010)reported on a study of green sea turtles inhabiting the Grand Cayman South Sound lagoon. The data on curved carapace(shell) length (in centimeters) for 76 captured turtles are saved in the TURTLES file. Descriptive statistics for the data
Shaft graves in ancient Greece. Refer to the American Journal of Archaeology (Jan. 2014) study of sword shaft graves in ancient Greece, Exercise 2.60(p. 89). The number of sword shafts buried at each of 13 recently discovered grave sites is reproduced in the following table.a. Calculate the range
Music performance anxiety. Refer to the British Journal of Music Education (Mar. 2014) study of music performance anxiety, Exercise 2.62(p. 89). Scores (measured in points) on the Performance Anxiety Inventory (PAI) scale for participants in eight different studies are reproduced in the table.a.
Characteristics of a rockfall. Refer to the Environmental Geology (Vol. 58, 2009) study of how far a block from a collapsing rock wall will bounce, Exercise 2.61(p. 89).The rebound lengths (meters) for a sample of 13 rock bounces are reproduced in the table below.a. Compute the range of the 13
Is honey a cough remedy? Refer to the Archives of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine (Dec. 2007) study of honey as a remedy for coughing, Exercise 2.64(p. 90). The coughing improvement scores for the patients in the over-the-counter cough medicine dosage(DM) group, honey dosage group, and control
Permeability of sandstone during weathering. Refer to the Geographical Analysis (Vol. 42, 2010) study of the decay properties of sandstone when exposed to the weather, Exercise 2.69(p. 91). Recall that slices of sandstone blocks were tested for permeability under three conditions: no exposure to
Cheek teeth of extinct primates. Refer to the American Journal of Physical Anthropology (Vol. 142, 2010) study of the characteristics of cheek teeth (e.g., molars) in an extinct primate species, Exercise 2.65(p. 90). The data on dentary depth of molars (in millimeters) for 18 cheek teeth extracted
Active nuclear power plants. Refer to Exercise 2.72(p. 92)and the U.S. Energy Information Administration’s data on the number of nuclear power plants operating in each of 20 states.a. Find the range, variance, and standard deviation of this data set.b. Eliminate the largest value from the data
What do you mean by a mound-shaped, symmetric distribution?
As per Chebyshev’s rule how many measurements fall within 1m - 2s, m + 2s2?
The output from a statistical computer program indicates that the mean and standard deviation of a data set consisting of 200 measurements are $1,500 and $300, respectively.a. What are the units of measurement of the variable of interest? On the basis of the units, what type of data is this,
For any set of data, what can be said about the percentage of the measurements contained in each of the following intervals?a. x - s to x + sb. x - 2s to x + 2sc. x - 3s to x + 3s
For a set of data with a mound-shaped relative frequency distribution, what can be said about the percentage of the measurements contained in each of the intervals specified in Exercise 2.96?
The following is a sample of 25 measurements.a. Compute x, s2, and s for this sample.b. Count the number of measurements in the intervals x { s, x { 2s, and x { 3s. Express each count as a percentage of the total number of measurements.c. Compare the percentages found in part b with the percentages
Given a data set with a largest value of 760 and a smallest value of 135, what would you estimate the standard deviation to be? Explain the logic behind the procedure you used to estimate the standard deviation. Suppose the standard deviation is reported to be 25. Is this number reasonable?Explain.
Do social robots walk or roll? Refer to the International Conference on Social Robotics (Vol. 6414, 2010) study on the current trend in the design of social robots, Exercise 2.7(p. 66). Recall that in a random sample of social robots obtained through a Web search, 28 were built with wheels. The
Sanitation inspection of cruise ships. Refer to Exercise 2.41(p. 79) and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention listing of the sanitation scores for 186 cruise ships. The data are saved in the SANIT file.a. Find the mean and standard deviation of the sanitation scores.b. Calculate the
Motivation of drug dealers. Researchers at Georgia State University investigated the personality characteristics of drug dealers in order to shed light on their motivation for participating in the illegal drug market (Applied Psychology in Criminal Justice, Sept. 2009). The sample consisted of 100
Dentists’ use of anesthetics. A study published in Current Allergy & Clinical Immunology (Mar. 2004) investigated allergic reactions of dental patients to local anesthetics. Based on a survey of dental practitioners, the study reported that the mean number of units (ampoules) of local anesthetics
Irrelevant speech effects. Refer to the Acoustical Science& Technology (Vol. 35, 2014) study of irrelevant speech effects, Exercise 2.34(p. 77). Recall that subjects performed a memorization task under two conditions: (1) with irrelevant background speech and (2) in silence. The difference in
Corporate sustainability of CPA firms. Refer to the Business and Society (Mar. 2011) study on the sustainability behaviors of CPA corporations, Exercise 2.36(pp. 78).Recall that the level of support for corporate sustainability(measured on a quantitative scale ranging from 0 to 160 points) was
Characteristics of antiwar demonstrators. The characteristics of antiwar demonstrators in the United States were examined in the American Journal of Sociology(Jan. 2014). Using data collected for over 5,000 antiwar demonstrators over a recent 3-year period, the researchers found that the mean
Hand washing versus hand rubbing. As an alternative to hand washing, some hospitals allow health workers to rub their hands with an alcohol-based antiseptic. The British Medical Journal (Aug. 17, 2002) reported on a study to compare the effectiveness of washing the hands with soap and rubbing the
Extinct New Zealand birds. Refer to the Evolutionary Ecology Research (July 2003) study of the patterns of extinction in the New Zealand bird population, presented in Exercise 2.24(p. 70). Consider the data on the egg length(measured in millimeters) for the 132 bird species saved in the NZBIRDS
Velocity of Winchester bullets. The American Rifleman reported on the velocity of ammunition fired from the FEG P9R pistol, a 9-mm gun manufactured in Hungary.Field tests revealed that Winchester bullets fired from the pistol had a mean velocity (at 15 feet) of 936 feet per second and a standard
Permeability of sandstone during weathering. Refer to the Geographical Analysis (Vol. 42, 2010) study of the decay properties of sandstone when exposed to the weather, Exercises 2.69 and 2.90(pp. 91 and 98). Recall that slices of sandstone blocks were measured for permeability under three
Shopping vehicle and judgment. While shopping at the grocery store, are you more likely to buy a vice product(e.g., a candy bar) when pushing a shopping cart or carrying a shopping basket? This was the question of interest in a study published in the Journal of Marketing Research(Dec. 2011). The
Animal-assisted therapy for heart patients. A study was presented at the American Heart Association Conference(Nov. 2005) to gauge whether animal-assisted therapy can improve the physiological responses of heart failure patients.A team of nurses from the UCLA Medical Center randomly divided 76
Land purchase decision. A buyer for a lumber company must decide whether to buy a piece of land containing 5,000 pine trees. If 1,000 of the trees are at least 40 feet tall, the buyer will purchase the land; otherwise, he won’t. The owner of the land reports that the height of the trees has a
For a quantitative data set, explain thea. 20th percentile.b. middle quartile.c. population z-score for a measurement.
For a mound-shaped data, what percentage of the measurements will have negative z-score?
Compute the z-score corresponding to each of the following values of x:a. x = 40, s = 5, x = 30b. x = 90, m = 89, s = 2c. m = 50, s = 5, x = 50d. s = 4, x = 20, x = 30e. In parts a–d, state whether the z-score locates x within a sample or within a population.f. In parts a–d, state whether each
What will be the z-score of an observation x = 10 if it is picked from a distribution with the following means (m)and standard deviations (s)?a. m = 30 and s = 10b. m = -10 and s = 10c. m = 30 and s = 20d. m = 20 and s = 30
Analysis of students’ performance. 250 students appeared for a test of 500 marks. The scores they obtained have a mean of 383, a first quartile of 355, a third quartile of 402, and a 90th percentile of 437. Interpret each of these numerical descriptive measures.
Age distribution. According to a demographic survey of India, 69% of the estimated population of 1.25 billion are aged above 14 years. Give a percentile ranking for the age of 14 years in the distribution of all ages across the overall population of India.
Stability of compounds in new drugs. Refer to the Pfizer Global Research and Development study (reported in ACS Medicinal Chemistry Letters, Vol. 1, 2010) of the metabolic stability of drugs, Exercise 2.35(p. 77). Recall that the stability of each of 416 drugs was measured by the fup/fumic ratio.a.
Sanitation inspection of cruise ships. Refer to the sanitation levels of cruise ships presented in Exercise 2.41(p. 79).a. Give a measure of relative standing for the Nautilus Explorer’s score of 74. Interpret the result.b. Give a measure of relative standing for the Star Princess’score of 92.
Motivation of drug dealers. Refer to the Applied Psychology in Criminal Justice (Sept. 2009) study of convicted drug dealers’ motivations, Exercise 2.102(p. 105).Recall that the sample of drug dealers had a mean Wanting Recognition (WR) score of 39 points, with a standard deviation of 6 points.a.
Extinct New Zealand birds. Refer to the Evolutionary Ecology Research (July 2003) study of the patterns of extinction in the New Zealand bird population, first presented in Exercise 2.24(p. 70). Again, consider the data on the egg length (measured in millimeters) for the 132 bird species.a. Find
Lead in drinking water. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) sets a limit on the amount of lead permitted in drinking water. The EPA Action Level for lead is .015 milligram per liter (mg/L) of water. Under EPA guidelines, if 90%of a water system’s study samples have a lead concentration
Voltage sags and swells. The power quality of a transformer is measured by the quality of the voltage. Two causes of poor power quality are “sags” and “swells.” A sag is an unusual dip, and a swell is an unusual increase in the voltage level of a transformer. The power quality of
Blue versus red exam study. In a study of how external clues influence performance, psychology professors at the University of Alberta and Pennsylvania State University gave two different forms of a midterm examination to a large group of introductory psychology students. The questions on the exam
Ranking Ph.D. programs in economics. The Southern Economic Journal (Apr. 2008) published a guide to graduate study in economics by ranking the Ph.D. programs at 129 colleges and universities. Each program was evaluated according to the number of publications published by faculty teaching in the
Ranking Ph.D. programs in economics (cont’d). Refer to the Southern Economic Journal (Apr. 2008) study of Ph.D. programs in economics, Exercise 2.129.The authors also made the following observation: “A noticeable feature of this skewness is that distinction between schools diminishes as the
GPAs of students. At one university, the students are given z-scores at the end of each semester, rather than the traditional GPAs. The mean and standard deviation of all students’ cumulative GPAs, on which the z-scores are based, are 2.7 and .5, respectively.a. Translate each of the following
What is the percentage of a population that lies outside the interquartile range?
What are the hinges of a box plot?
What does the central line parallel to the hinges of a box plot indicate?
Define an outlier.
A sample data set has a mean of 57 and a standard deviation of 11. Determine whether each of the following sample measurements is an outlier.a. 65b. 21c. 72d. 98
Consider the following sample data set.a. Construct a box plot.b. Identify any outliers that may exist in the data. 171 152 170 168 169 171 190 183 185 140 173 206 172 174 169 199 151 180 167 170 188
Blond hair types in the Southwest Pacific. A mutation of a pigmentation gene is theorized to be the cause of blondhair genotypes observed in several Southwest Pacific islands. The distribution of this mutated gene was investigated in the American Journal of Physical Anthropology(Apr. 2014). For
Dentists’ use of anesthetics. Refer to the Current Allergy& Clinical Immunology study of the use of local anesthetics in dentistry, presented in Exercise 2.103(p. 105). Recall that the mean number of units (ampoules) of local anesthetics used per week by dentists was 79, with a standard deviation
Research on brain specimens. Refer to the Brain and Language data on postmortem intervals (PMIs) of 22 human brain specimens, presented in Exercise 2.45(p. 80).The mean and standard deviation of the PMI values are 7.3 and 3.18, respectively.a. Find the z-score for the PMI value of 3.3.b. Is the PMI
Corporate sustainability of CPA firms. Refer to the Business and Society (Mar. 2011) study on the sustainability behaviors of CPA corporations, Exercise 2.105(p. 105). Numerical descriptive measures for level of support for corporate sustainability for the 992 senior managers are repeated in the
Voltage sags and swells. Refer to the Electrical Engineering(Vol. 95, 2013) study of power quality (measured by “sags”and “swells”) in Turkish transformers, Exercise 2.127(p. 110). For a sample of 103 transformers built for heavy industry, the mean and standard deviation of the number of
Treating psoriasis with the “Doctorfish of Kangal.” Psoriasis is a skin disorder with no known cure. An alternative treatment for psoriasis is ichthyotherapy, also known as therapy with the “Doctorfish of Kangal.” Fish from the hot pools of Kangal, Turkey, feed on the skin scales of
Sanitation inspection of cruise ships. Refer to the data on sanitation levels of cruise ships, presented in Exercise 2.41(p. 79).a. Use the box plot method to detect any outliers in the data.b. Use the z-score method to detect any outliers in the data.c. Do the two methods agree? If not, explain
Characteristics of a rockfall. Refer to the Environmental Geology (Vol. 58, 2009) study of how far a block from a collapsing rockwall will bounce, Exercise 2.61(p. 89).The computer-simulated rebound lengths (in meters) for 13 block-soil impact marks left on a slope from an actual rockfall are
Comparing SAT Scores. Refer to Exercise 2.46(p. 80), in which we compared state average SAT scores in 2011 and 2014.a. Construct side-by-side box plots of the SAT scores for the two years.b. Compare the variability of the SAT scores for the two years.c. Are any state SAT scores outliers in either
Is honey a cough remedy? Refer to the Archives of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine (Dec. 2007) study of honey as a remedy for coughing, Exercise 2.64(p. 90). Recall that coughing improvement scores were recorded for children in three groups: the over-the-counter cough medicine dosage(DM) group,
Permeability of sandstone during weathering. Refer to the Geographical Analysis (Vol. 42, 2010) study of the decay properties of sandstone when exposed to the weather, Exercise 2.110(p. 106). Recall that slices of sandstone blocks were tested for permeability under three conditions:no exposure to
Defective items in a batch. A manufacturer sells his products in boxes containing 50 items. He claims that on an average, a box will contain no more than four defective items.In order to verify his claim, a box is selected randomly and its items checked. It has been found that the box contains
Untutored second language acquisition. A student from Turkey named Alex is attending a university in the United States. While in this country, he has never been tutored in English. After his second year at university, Alex was interviewed numerous times over a 1-year period. His language was
What is a bivariate scatterplot?
What is the use of a bivariate scatterplot?
How can a bivariate scatterplot be used to measure the relationship between the two variables?
Comparing SAT scores. Refer to Exercise 2.46(p. 80)and the data on state SAT scores saved in the SAT file. Consider a scatterplot for the data, with 2014 SAT score on the vertical axis and 2011 SAT score on the horizontal axis. What type of trend would you expect to observe? Why? Create the
Does elevation impact hitting performance in baseball?The Colorado Rockies play their major league home baseball games in Coors Field, Denver. Each year, the Rockies are among the leaders in team batting statistics (e.g., home runs, batting average, and slugging percentage). Many baseball experts
Lobster trap placement. Strategic placement of lobster traps is one of the keys for a successful lobster fisherman.An observational study of teams fishing for the red spiny lobster in Baja California Sur, Mexico, was conducted and the results published in Bulletin of Marine Science (Apr.2010). Two
Feeding behavior of fish. The feeding behavior of black bream (a type of fish) spawned in aquariums was studied in Brain, Behavior and Evolution (Apr. 2000). Zoologists recorded the number of aggressive strikes of two black bream feeding at the bottom of the aquarium in the 10-minute period
New method for blood typing. In Analytical Chemistry(May 2010), medical researchers tested a new method of typing blood using low cost paper. Blood drops were applied to the paper and the rate of absorption (called blood wicking) was measured. The table gives the wicking lengths(in millimeters) for
Sound waves from a basketball. Refer to the American Journal of Physics (June 2010) study of sound waves in a spherical cavity, Exercise 2.43(p. 80). The frequencies of sound waves (estimated using a mathematical formula) resulting from the first 24 resonances (echoes) after striking a basketball
Plants that grow on Swiss cliffs. A rare plant that grows on the limestone cliffs of the Northern Swiss Jura mountains was studied in Alpine Botany (Nov. 2012). The researchers collected data from a sample of 12 limestone cliffs. Several of the variables measured for each cliff included the
Forest fragmentation study. Ecologists classify the cause of forest fragmentation as either anthropogenic (i.e., due to human development activities, such as road construction or logging) or natural in origin (e.g., due to wetlands or wildfire).Conservation Ecology (Dec. 2003) published an article
Mongolian desert ants. Refer to the Journal of Biogeography (Dec. 2003) study of ants in Mongolia, presented in Exercise 2.68(p. 91). Data on annual rainfall, maximum daily temperature, percentage of plant cover, number of ant species, and species diversity index recorded at each of 11 study sites
Spreading rate of spilled liquid. A contract engineer at DuPont Corp. studied the rate at which a spilled volatile liquid will spread across a surface (Chemical Engineering Progress, Jan. 2005). Suppose that 50 gallons of methanol spills onto a level surface outdoors. The engineer uses derived
Ranking driving performance of professional golfers.Refer to The Sport Journal (Winter 2007) analysis of a new method for ranking the total driving performance of golfers on the PGA tour, Exercise 2.66(p. 90). Recall that the method uses both the average driving distance(in yards) and the driving
Museum management. Refer to the Museum Management and Curatorship (June 2010) study of how museums evaluate their performance, Exercise 2.22(p. 69). Recall that managers of 30 museums of contemporary art identified the performance measure used most often. A summary of the results is reproduced in
Trend in Iraq War casualties. While the United States was still actively fighting in the Iraq War, a news media outlet produced a graphic showing a dramatic decline in the annual number of American casualties. The number of deaths for the years 2003, 2004, 2005, and 2006 were(approximately) 475,
BP oil leak. In the summer of 2010, an explosion on the Deepwater Horizon oil drilling rig caused a leak in one of British Petroleum (BP) Oil Company’s wells in the Gulf of Mexico. Crude oil rushed unabated for 3 straight months into the Gulf until BP could fix the leak. During the disaster, BP
Irrelevant speech effects. Refer to the Acoustical Science& Technology (Vol. 35, 2014) study of irrelevant speech effects, Exercise 2.104(p. 105). Recall that subjects performed a memorization task under two conditions: (1) with irrelevant background speech and (2) in silence. The difference in
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