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intercultural communication
Intercultural Communication In Contexts 7th Edition Judith Martin, Thomas Nakayama - Solutions
10. Describe the relationship between communication and power.
9. Describe the characteristics of power.
8. Explain the relationship between communication and context.
7. Explain how culture can function as resistance to dominant value systems.
6. Describe how communication can reinforce cultural beliefs and behavior.
5. Understand how cultural values influence conflict behavior.
4. Describe how cultural values influence communication.
3. Identify and describe nine cultural value orientations.
2. Define communication.
1. Identify three approaches to culture.
3. Analyzing a Film. View a feature film or a video (e.g., Chir-raq or Brooklyn)and assume the position of a researcher. Analyze the cultural meanings in the film from each of the three perspectives: social science, interpretive, and critical.What cultural patterns (related to nationality,
2. Analyzing Cultural Patterns. Find a text or speech that discusses some intercultural or cultural issues, and analyze the cultural patterns present in the text.Consider, for example, the “I Have a Dream” speech by Martin Luther King, Jr. (Andrews & Zarefsky, 1992), or Chief Seattle’s 1854
f. What was your neighborhood like?Discuss your answers with classmates. Analyze how your own cultural position is unique and how it is similar to that of others.
e. What do you know about your ethnic background?
d. How were you expected to contribute to family life?
c. What were you expected to do when you grew up?
b. Why were these values considered important?
a. What values did your parents or guardians attempt to instill in you?
1. Becoming Culturally Conscious. One way to understand your cultural position within the United States and your own cultural values, norms, and beliefs is to examine your upbringing. Answer the following questions:
5. What are the advantages of a dialectical approach to intercultural communication?
4. How have other fields contributed to the study of intercultural communication?
3. How have the worldviews of researchers influenced how they studied intercultural communication?
2. How did business and political interests influence what early intercultural communication researchers studied and learned?
1. How have the origins of the study of intercultural communication in the United States affected its present focus?
7. Identify six intercultural communication dialectics.
6. Explain the strengths of a dialectical approach.
5. Identify three characteristics of the dialectical approach.
4. Explain the strengths and weaknesses of each approach.
3. Identify the methods used within each of the three approaches.
2. Describe three approaches to the study of intercultural communication.
1. Identify four early foci in the development of intercultural communication.
e. Based on this experience, identify some characteristics that may be important for successful intercultural communication.
d. Describe any challenges in trying to communicate. If there were no challenges, explain why you think it was so easy.
c. Describe how you felt after the encounter, and explain why you think you felt as you did.
b. Explain how you initially felt about the communication.
a. Describe the encounter. What made it “intercultural”?
2. Intercultural Encounter. Describe and analyze a recent intercultural encounter.This may mean talking with someone of a different age, ethnicity, race, religion, and so on.
h. How has your family status changed through the generations?Compare your family experience with those of your classmates. Did most immigrants come for the same reasons? What are the differences in the various stories?
g. What were their occupations before they came, and what jobs did they take on their arrival?
f. Did they change their names? For what reasons?
e. What difficulties did they encounter?
d. What language(s) did they speak?
c. What were the reasons for their move? Did they come voluntarily?
b. Where did they come from?
a. When did your ancestors come to the United States?
1. Family Tree. Interview the oldest member of your family you can contact. Then answer the following questions:
5. How do economic situations affect intergroup relations?
4. Why is it important to think beyond ourselves as individuals in intercultural interaction?
3. What are some of the potential challenges organizations face as they become more diverse?
2. How do these communication technologies change intercultural communication interaction?
1. How do electronic means of communication (e-mail, the Internet, fax, and so on) differ from face-to-face interactions?
7. Identify and describe three characteristics of an ethical student of culture.
6. Understand the difference among a universalistic, a relativist, and a dialogic approach to the study of ethics and intercultural communication.
5. Explain how studying intercultural communication can lead to increased self-understanding.
4. Explain how understanding intercultural communication can facilitate resolution of intercultural conflict.
3. Describe how global and domestic economic conditions influence intercultural relations.
2. Describe how technology can impact intercultural interaction.
1. Identify six imperatives for studying intercultural communication.
10. Understand the differences between the modernist and postmodern views of cultural spaces.
9. Explain why it is important to understand cultural spaces in intercultural communication.
8. Describe how cultural spaces are formed.
7. Define cultural space.
6. Discuss the relationship between nonverbal communication and power.
5. Define and give an example of cross-cultural differences in facial expressions, proxemics, gestures, eye contact, paralanguage, chronemics, and silence.
4. Explain the limitations of some cross-cultural research findings.
3. Identify cultural universals in nonverbal communication.
2. Discuss the types of messages that are communicated nonverbally.
1. Understand how verbal and nonverbal communication differ.
3. Values and Language. Although computer-driven translations have improved dramatically over earlier attempts, translation is still intensely cultural. Communication always involves many layers of meaning, and when you move between languages, there are many more opportunities for
2. “Foreigner” Labels. Meet in small groups with other class members and generate a list of labels used to refer to people from other countries who come to the United States—for example, “immigrants” and “aliens.” For each label, identify a general connotation (positive, negative,
1. Regional Language Variations. Meet in small groups with other class members and discuss variations in language use in different regions of the United States (accent, vocabulary, and so on). Identify perceptions that are associated with these variations.
10. Discuss the complexities of language policies.
9. Understand the phenomenon of code switching and interlanguage.
8. Explain the difference between translation and interpretation.
7. Understand the challenges of multilingualism.
6. Explain the power of labels.
5. Give examples of variations in contextual rules.
4. Identify cultural variations in communication style.
3. Describe the role of metaphor in understanding intercultural communication.
2. Explain the nominalist, relativist, and qualified relativist positions on language and perception.
1. Discuss the four components of language.
3. Communication of White Identity. Go to the website http://stuffwhitepeoplelike.com/. This website parodies the stereotypes of white people, and by extension, the stereotyping of other groups. Read through a number of these entries, and then be ready to discuss how whiteness, racism,
g. What do your findings suggest about the power of the media and their effect on identity formation and intercultural communication? (Think about avowal, ascription, and interpellation.)
f. What stereotypes were reinforced in the commercials?
e. In how many cases were people depicted in stereotypical roles—for example, African Americans as athletes, or women as homemakers?
d. What differences (if any) were there in the roles that members of the various groups played? Did one group play more sophisticated or more glamorous roles than others?
c. What groups were least represented? Why do you think this is so?
b. What groups were most represented? Why do you think this is so?
a. How many different groups were represented?
2. Stereotypes in Prime-Time TV. Watch four hours of television during the next week, preferably during evening hours when there are more commercials.Record the number of representatives of different identity groups (ethnic, racial, gender, age, class, and so on) that appear in the commercials;
b. How do they influence communication between U.S. Americans and people from other countries?
a. How do you think these stereotypes developed?
1. Stereotypes in Your Life. List some of the stereotypes you have heard about U.S. Americans. Then answer the following questions:
9. Explain the relationship between identity and communication.
8. Explain the relationship among identity, stereotyping, and prejudice.
7. Describe phases of multicultural identity development.
6. Identify characteristics of whiteness.
5. Identify and describe nine social and cultural identities.
4. Describe phases of majority identity development.
3. Describe phases of minority identity development.
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