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intercultural communication
Real Communication An Introduction 2nd Edition Dan O'Hair, Mary Wiemann - Solutions
3. Describe how global and domestic economic conditions influence intercultural relations.
2. Describe how technology can impact intercultural interaction.
1. Identify six imperatives for studying intercultural communication.
What challenges are specific to your organization? How might your organization minimize or adapt to some of these challenges?
3. In this chapter, we talked about some of the challenges that today’s organizations face, including work-life balance, sexual harassment, and communication technology. Does your organization—be it a college or university, a club or campus organization, or a business—also tussle with some of
2. Workplace comedies and dramas typically play off situations that really arise in organizational settings. Watch a few episodes of such workplace sitcoms as The Office, 30 Rock, and Parks and Recreation or workplace dramas like Grey’s Anatomy and House, and reflect on the different
1. Compare two organizations that you belong to or have regular contact with(such as a social organization, a volunteer organization, or a company). What type of management approach does each of these two organizations have? Also think about how the two organizations differ in their organizational
5. What are you most likely to do to manage your time at home?A. Organize chores and write to-do lists B. Try to run errands on days off from work or school C. Tackle chores and errands one at a time as needed?
4. It’s Tuesday, and you arrive home at 5:30 p.m. How do your housemates or family react?A. They say hello and discuss dinner plans.B. They act surprised—they never know if you’ll be on time or not.C. They wonder if you’ve been fired because you’re home so very early.
3. Which statement best describes what you usually do on vacation?A. I kick back, relax, and savor the time off.B. I check in with my organization at least once so that people know I’m available.C. I continue to check my e-mail because you never know when an emergency might arise.
2. A big project requires you to stay late to meet a deadline. You think to yourself:A. “This is happening way too much. I’ll have to talk to my supervisor about it.”B. “Oh, well, I’ll take off a little early next week to make up for it.”C. “I wonder if Bud, the night watchman, will
1. Which statement best describes you after you leave work for the day?A. I don’t think about work again until I arrive the next morning.B. I usually check my work e-mail before bed.C. I check my work e-mail or make calls three or four times during the evening.
3 What are your expectations for paid time off from work?Do you expect to be paid for holidays like Independence Day and Thanksgiving? Are your feelings about religious holidays different from your expectations for national holidays?
2 Consider the cultural variations discussed in this chapter and in Chapter 3.How is the largely masculine, individualist culture of the United State reflected in American policies on and attitudes toward vacation time?
1 Does it surprise you that vacation time is not mandated in the United States but is mandated in most other wealthy nations? Do you think that Americans would be more or less productive if they had more vacation time?
3 How can organizations ensure that telecommuting staffers are able to develop strong working relationships? How can they build “face time” into a virtual team?
2 What communication benefits does telecommuting offer employees? What does it offer the organization?
A Do you think that organizations benefit more from having employees work face to face or from having employees work from home? Does it have to be one way or the other?
3 What other approaches could you take to get Cheryl and Michael to change their behavior?Is going over their heads your only option?
B How does your opinion of the company policy on dating at work factor into your decision? Does the impact of your coworkers’flirtation change your opinion of the policy?
A What’s the real issue here, Cheryl and Michael’s relationship or their behavior? If they acted more professionally at work, would the status of their romantic relationship matter?
Who are your three closest friends? Are they members of any organizations that you belong to? If so, has your joint membership affected the friendship in any particularly positive or negative ways? Explain your answer.
Have you ever been involved in a mentoring relationship?If so, did you find that this relationship benefited you in any way? Did it benefit your organization as well?How would you describe the changes in communication that took place over the course of the relationship?
Think about a store that you shop at frequently. What messages do the store layout and décor send customers? Does the store offer any literature or brochures about itself? Does it have a Web site? If so, what do these media communicate about the organization?
Think of a situation when an organization you belonged to was faced with criticism.Was the organization open to suggestions for change, or was it closed off from such discussions? What was the end result?
Are you involved with or familiar with any organizations that favor hierarchy and a division of labor? What are the pros and cons for communication in such organizations?
Challenges Facing Today’s Organizations?
Relational Contexts in Organizations
Communicating Organizational Culture
Approaches to Managing Organizations
Do members demonstrate respect for one another—for example, by keeping disagreements focused on the issues or positions at hand rather than on personal character?
Do members cooperate freely with one another, fulfilling the responsibilities they’ve agreed to shoulder and pitching in when needed?
Do members seem to feel a sense of solidarity with one another—for example, by sharing responsibility for both successes and failures?
Do they provide positive reinforcement for one another—for instance, by showing appreciation for each other’s contributions and hard work?
C Can virtual teams ever build group relationships if they can never communicate in real time?
B Should team members be expected to make themselves available via e-mail, text message, or telephone during nonworking hours to attend to questions or problems that might arise?What problems might this kind of communication cause?
A What can a group leader do to foster communication among team members in different locations and time zones?
Do you have experience with group conflict, as either a group member or leader? If so, how was this conflict handled? Did conflict strengthen or weaken the communication between group members?
V. Conclusion and follow-up A. Take any questions or concerns B. Establish next meeting time and what should be accomplished by then?
IV. How should we market this new Web site?A. Discuss the focus of the marketing campaign: What’s the message?B. Brainstorm how to get the message out C. Distill list of ideas; assign roles
III. What will be on the new SlickBoards Web site?A. Outline all the new information about the products that will be on the Web site and how it will increase sales B. Explain how clients will be able to customize their SlickBoard directly on the new Web site
II. Why do we need a new SlickBoards Web site?A. Overview of our current Web site and its deficiencies B. Present the concept of the new Web site, why we needed a revamp, and how it improves on the old site
How do you feel about group meetings? Do you find them energizing, boring, a waste of time? Consider an effective meeting and an ineffective meeting that you’ve attended. To what degree did the leaders plan appropriately, justify each meeting, and clarify the purpose?
Consider the six steps to problem solving we’ve just discussed. If Susan, the leader of EcoCrew, had chosen a different leadership style, would this have affected how the problem-solving steps were carried out? If so, how?What has your experience been in solving problems in groups with different
Did the event attract volunteers from outside the group? Fifteen nonmembers participated in the cleanup, among them several schoolchildren who attended with their parents.
Did the event wind up costing the members any money? Thanks to the donations of local restaurants and supplies provided by the county sanitation department, the event cost the group absolutely nothing.
Was the beach cleaner at the end of the day as a result of the group’s efforts? Before-and-after photos of the beach reveal a very successful cleanup.
How do cognitive, psychological, and social forces affect decision making in groups you’re currently involved in? Have these forces ever caused your group to make a poor decision? If so, how?
3 As the group’s leader, do you have a responsibility to these interns to ensure that they get the most from their internship experience?
B Is it OK to pawn your work off on unpaid college students, even if they’re willing to do it?
A Was Bradley wrong, or was he just doing what any aspiring journalist would do to free up his time? Do you have a greater understanding for his struggle in light of your own position?
3. Managing a local, casual restaurant has its ups and downs, and today is one of the downs. Customers have been complaining that the waiters and waitresses have not been friendly, so you’ve decided to call a “worker meeting” to address the problem.What do you do at the meeting?A. Tell the
2. You organized a study group to prepare for your history final exam and invited a handful of other hardworking students from class. Another classmate, Scott, shows up.Scott is rarely prepared for class and isn’t contributing to the group. What do you do?A. Start asking Scott questions in areas
1. Your chemistry professor assigned a full-semester group project and has asked you to take the lead in your group because chemistry is your best subject. When it comes down to assigning your tasks to the other group members and getting the project done, what do you do?A. Ask a lot of questions.
Consider a leadership position that you currently hold or held in the past.Did you favor a particular leadership style? Was it effective and appropriate for the group and situation at hand? If not, can you look back and say that another leadership style would have been more effective? Which one and
Consider three groups to which you belong. Is there a clearly established leader for each group? If so, what type of power does this leader have? Do you find certain types of power more ethical or appropriate than others?Explain your answer.
C What kinds of leadership skills are needed to change the culture of violence in these communities? Should the conflict interrupters employ the same kinds of leadership skills in dealing with the community that the project’s founder might use in managing them?
B What practical and logistical benefits does hiring members of the community offer CeaseFire? Would Slutkin himself be able to identify and track down individuals who might seek retribution?
A Why is it important that CeaseFire’s violence interrupters come from the gang culture? Does their history as felons who’ve served time truly empower them?
Demonstrate three aspects of assessing group performance?
List behaviors to improve effective leadership in meetings
List the forces that shape a group’s decisions Explain the six-step group decision process
Identify how culture affects appropriate leadership behavior
Describe how leadership styles should be adapted to the situation
Describe the types of power that effective leaders employ
Evaluating Group Performance?
Decision Making in Groups Leadership in Meetings
Understanding Group Leadership Culture and Group Leadership
6. The Challenger disaster is a classic example of groupthink. Run an Internet search on groupthink, and find other historical examples. Have any of these occurred in your lifetime? How are they similar to or different from the Challenger incident?
5. Analyze the group dynamics from five of your favorite television shows. See if you can identify the various social and antigroup role types in each of the groups.
4. The telephone game, passing a message from person to person, is fun simply because of the inevitable message distortion that gets revealed at the end. Can you think of a time when a message was passed to you from an indirect source that you discovered to be blatantly wrong? Maybe it was bungled
3. Consider the adjourning phase of group development for a group you were part of that disbanded—Scouts, a sports team, the school newspaper staff—and think about what aspects of the group made for the hardest good-bye from the group. Are high-performing groups hardest to leave? Groups with
2. Read up on the history of some influential but now defunct music group (such as the Beatles, Nirvana, or Public Enemy). Did the group go through all the stages of group development outlined in this chapter? How did the group determine roles and establish norms? How did members deal with
1. Consider a group to which you belong—your communication class, your family, your religious community, etc. Draw a chart that depicts members of the group and the patterns of communication among them. What kind of network does the group most closely resemble?
Have you ever misunderstood another member of a group you were involved in because of cultural differences? If so, how did you and the other person deal with the misunderstanding?
Determine how you will monitor and report progress toward your group’s goals.Will the group hold a weekly status meeting? Will members circulate daily e-mails to update one another?
Recognize contingencies that may arise. For instance, “Our goal is to have$4,000 in our account by the end of March, on the assumption that we have good weather for the fundraising campaign we’re planning to hold on the town common.”
Identify the resources your group will need to accomplish its goals. Include such things as members’ time, office space, funds, and equipment. By anticipating resources, you avoid getting into a situation where your worthy goal shrivels and dies because it never received sufficient funding or
Define goals in terms of problems to be solved (for example, “Our goal is to raise $4,000 to beautify Dixon Park”), not values to be embodied (“Our goal is to be good citizens of this community”). Value-based goals are vague, so it’s difficult to know if and when you’ve achieved them.
C What other cultural differences might inhibit communication on a professional sports team?How does multiculturalism and globalization affect other sports?
B Who is responsible for developing a shared code when coaches and players speak different languages? How might the rules of communication be worked out between individuals who speak different languages?
A How important is it to have all the players on a team speak the same language? Would having a single language policy increase group cohesion?What might the downsides of such a policy be?
Have you ever been in a leadership role among a group of friends? Have you ever been subordinate to a friend in a group situation?Did any conflict arise, and if so, how did you resolve it?
What group are you spending most of your time in these days? What type of communication network exists in the group? Is that network helping the group achieve its goals? If not, what changes might the group make to operate more effectively?
C What ethical implications arise from approaching Meredith with the new sketch? Should the sketch be presented to the entire team at the same time?Is it fair to tempt Meredith with a juicy role in exchange for her vote?
B Is it unethical to attempt to gain Meredith’s vote even if you honestly believe that it’s in the best interest of the group?
A What role did group communication play in this scenario? Might cliques have been involved? What were other communication options?
Have you ever been excessively quiet or shy in a group? Do you consider this behavior social loafing or do you feel that the situational or relational context is primarily to blame? Why?
Think about your experience as part of a group to which you no longer belong—an old job, your high school class, or a club that you’re not a part of anymore. Did the group go through all five phases described here?
In your first job out of college, do you think you would prefer to work as part of a self-directed work team or in a more traditionally arranged team where a manager takes control? What would be the advantages of each?
C Have you ever witnessed the beginning tremors of a smart mob in any of the social networks of which you are a part?What kinds of goals might motivate you to join a smart mob?
B In an effort to quell the uprisings in Egypt in 2011, the Egyptian government blocked citizens’ access to the Internet, yet protests continued. What does this say about the pervasive nature of electronic communication?What does it say about the role of electronic communication in causing and
A Many social movements benefit from social networks, but is it fair to credit electronic communication with bringing about social change? How did groups like the American civil rights movement organize demonstrations, and how did their demonstrations differ from modern smart mobs?
In Chapter 7, we talked about family as an example of interpersonal relationships. Now think about your family as a group. What are the family’s common goals? What do the members of your family see as the family’s defining traits?How can a change in behavior by one family member affect other
Additional Factors Affecting Group Communication?
Understanding Group Roles
Group Size and Communication
Understanding Groups
4. This week, if you have a disagreement with a friend, roommate, romantic partner, family member, or boss, identify one change you could make to manage and resolve the conflict more productively. For example, could you suggest a compromise? Look for a broader range of promising solutions to your
3. Read the advice column in your daily paper or an online magazine. Bearing in mind what you’ve read in this chapter, consider the nature of the interpersonal conflicts discussed. What are the precursors to the conflicts? What kinds of tactics does the columnist suggest using to manage and
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