Environmental Communication And The Public Sphere 5th Edition Phaedra C. Pezzullo, Robert Cox - Solutions

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Understand and explain vernacular rhetoric
Identify examples of rhetorical traditions
Explain how rhetoric and culture are interrelated
Understand rhetoric as a unique aspect of communication
List and define three different ways of thinking about cultural differences in time orientation
Explain and evaluate the notion of the contact cultures as an explanation of cross-cultural differences in nonverbal communication
Summarize perspectives on the universal expression of emotion
Describe different cultural views of silence
Differentiate functions of nonverbal communication as it relates to verbal communication
Implement general ideas of communication accommodation to understand a speech episode
Explain and give examples of cultural myths, conversational episodes, and social dramas
Understand and explain cultural discourses
Describe and apply various dimensions of difference in verbal communication
Apply notions of face theory and speech acts theory to understand cultural differences in specific types of verbal communication (e.g., attempts to persuade)
Develop a platform of solutions for a particular intolerance that recognizes the complexity and cultural specificity of the problem
Outline causes of intolerance at individual, societal, and other levels
Compare and contrast what may or may not be intolerance, based on several tensions from literature and popular discussion
Distinguish between different aspects of perception as they relate to intolerance
Define key terms relating to prejudice and intolerance
Integrate the notions of ideology and hegemony as these apply to identities, and how they play out through face-to-face and mediated communication practices of Othering and the symbolic annihilation of race
Illustrate identity politics—that is, how power defines our own and others’ identities
Apply the notion that identities are a social construction by giving examples of messages or communication that produce and reproduce (that is, communicate) your identities
Differentiate between personal and social identities
Describe sources of your identity
List some strengths and limitations to each approach to understanding culture
Compare the emic and etic approaches to understanding subjective culture
Produce examples of primary dimensions of culture
Differentiate between norms, rules, values, beliefs, mores, taboos, and laws
Explain the difference between subjective and objective aspects of culture
List some of the elements that might influence an interaction with someone from another culture or group, applying the model of communication provided in this chapter
Provide three competing views of how one could define culture
Describe different views of the relationship between culture and communication
Explain some of the debates concerning the definition of communication
Compare two different models for how to understand communication and meaning
Distinguish between various research focuses in intercultural communication
Outline three approaches(paradigms) to cultural research in communication
Differentiate between civic and political engagement and relate them to culture
Describe and evaluate universal ethical approaches and ethical relativism
Define ethics and morality
Summarize briefly the history of intercultural communication as a field of research
Describe possible limitations of studying intercultural communication
Provide several reasons, with evidence, as to why it is important to study intercultural communication
what is accountion?
What resources exist locally? How can we become more involved with this issue?
What role has communication played in either perpetuating the problem or in finding solutions?
What progress has been made in addressing this problem, and what are the most difficult challenges remaining?
How did you come to study (or be engaged with) this issue? What do you find most interesting?
Overall, how effective do you think the FTC’s “Green Guides” are in discouraging false or misleading environmental labels or advertising? Had you ever heard of them before now? Can you find them at local stores where you shop?
What enforcement actions against deceptive environmental ads or labels has the FTC taken recently? For specific corporations or products, you can click the FTC’s “Scam Alerts” button on their homepage: http://www.consumer.ftc.gov. For example, you will find recent fraudulent activity the
How accurate or helpful are the FTC guidelines for recycled, biodegradable, compostable, renewable energy, or carbon of sets?
Do you believe that the decentering of the human citizen in court—whether it is a corporation or a glacier having the right to standing—reflects the complicated nature of environmental voice equally? Do you feel that one is a more compelling voice to give standing to than the other? Discuss.
If trees, rivers, glaciers, or ecosystems have standing to sue, who will represent their interests? Environmental attorneys? Polluters? What would prevent loggers, oil companies, or coal-fired power plant owners from“speaking for” forests, oceans, or mountains? If natural objects or ecosystems
Do trees have standing? How about rivers, plants, and animals? Future generations? What about Pacific Island nations and residents of low-lying villages threatened with a rise in ocean levels? Are island nations true adversaries—that is, (a) do they suffer an injury in fact, (b) can this injury
Can you imagine yourself being a party to an environmental law case, having “standing” before a governmental agency or court of law, to speak about your interests? Under what circumstances might this happen?
Should “outside” interests, like national environmental groups, be stakeholders in local, place-based collaborations about natural resources? How about a corporation, headquartered elsewhere, such as a timber or oil company? Can it use its local representatives to serve as its stakeholders?
Some critics feel that the inequities in power and resources between representatives of industry and citizens make true consensus between these two groups impossible. McCloskey (1996) claims that “industry thinks its odds are better in these forums …. It believes it can dominate them over
Would you feel comfortable disagreeing with the majority in a collaborative process? Would you still support a group consensus even if your preferred solution was not adopted? Would you do so if you felt that the group had fairly considered your views before it reached its decision?
Is conflict needed to force opponents to the negotiating table, or can collaboration be used at the start when an environmental concern is first identified? Do you prioritize one over the other? That is, do you believe that environmental controversies should always attempt collaboration and
We regularly see headlines today of international protests for democratic rights. Which countries do you believe are the most open to sharing information and listening to their citizens? Which are the least?Globally, do you feel we’ve steadily gained rights, or do everyday people seem to be
Would the threat of a corporate SLAPP lawsuit discourage you from speaking about your concerns regarding an environmental or health issue at a public hearing? Be honest! Can you imagine or understand the psychological and emotional (and financial) fears that some might have in these circumstances?
Do public hearings merely allow angry citizens to blow off steam about controversial environmental actions?Do such forums serve an important role for public comment, or are they just window dressing?
Are there limits to what the public has a right to know? For example, should the U.S. government have a right to restrict the public’s access to information about oil refineries, pipelines, nuclear plants, or other environmental facilities to prevent potential terrorists from exploiting
Activist and journalist Naomi Klein (2014) argues that four key cultural shifts should be the focus of future efforts:a. “Climate change demands that we consume less, but being consumers is all we know.”b. “Climate change is slow, and we are fast.”c. “Climate change is place-based, and we
What effect has the environmental justice movement had to date in influencing action? How effective is mass action in the street, or global protests? Do you think civil disobedience makes a persuasive rhetorical appeal about the exigence of the environmental injustices we face? Which communication
Environmental historian Robert Gottlieb poses a challenging question: “Can mainstream and alternative groups find a common language, a shared history, a common conceptual and organizational home?” (2003, p. 254). What do you think? Are a common language and shared history needed for
Racism can be hard to talk about. The Onion is a parody news site that created a 55-second video clip titled“How to Talk to Your Child About Racism.” Watch the video (http://www.theonion.com/video/how-talkyour-child-about-racism-54783). Does it make you laugh? Does it make you think? If you
If you were to design an environmental communication app or wearable technology today, what would you create? Can you identify a niche that is unfulfilled but might be popular?
There is so much information disseminated today through more media than ever before. How do you manage the content flood? Do you use an online aggregate news app? Do you follow Instagram more than your campus newspaper? How do you decide which sources to engage with?
Do you think there should be a hierarchy between activism online and offline? Are they in concert or conflict? Is one possible without the other today? What limitations or challenges do digital media pose for environmental communication?
Participants in the 2017 March for Science sought to persuade President Trump to remain in the Paris Climate Agreement; they wanted scientific research and evidence-based policies to receive more respect and safeguards. Have you ever attended an environmental rally, protest, public hearing, or
Recently, indigenous environmental campaigns remind us that struggles over sovereignty and sacred values remain highly contested. Do you find the pattern of extraction depressing? Or the resilience of indigenous cultures hopeful? Which campaigns resonate with you?
How effective is the idea of framing? Do you agree with Brulle and Jenkins (see the “Another Viewpoint”feature) that simply reframing an issue without addressing political and economic change won’t alter entrenched power?
Can advocates for wilderness or endangered species appeal to biospheric values and still gain acceptance from the audiences they must persuade? Should they appeal to the egoistic concerns of individuals or to their social–altruistic values to gain a hearing?
A common perception of strategy is that with the worsening of environmental problems, people will wake up and begin to take action. Is this accurate? What would it take to wake people up? Which environmental advocates or organizations inspire you today?
What will influence this person or authority to respond?
Who has the ability to respond?
What exactly do you want to accomplish?
Questions about a campaign’s communication tasks:Did the campaign compose and consistently use a compelling message in all of its communication?Did this message clearly convey the campaign’s core value or objective?Did the campaign mobilize its base of supporters (relevant opinion leaders and
Questions about a campaign’s basic design:Did the campaign identify a clear objective? What specific action or decision was required?Did the campaign identify a relevant decision maker, that is, someone or a group who had the ability to act on the campaign’s objective?Did the campaign develop a
Think about museums you have visited or tours you have been on. Did any of them have environmental messages? What values did they promote for individual or structural change? How salient are tours in teaching children and the public more broadly about science and ecological crises?
Can Walmart or other multinational corporations ever be sustainable? How credible is Walmart’s claim to be helping the environment while making a profit? What evidence do you find credible for assessing its green labels and claims? What additional evidence would you like to have?
Can green consumerism help protect the environment? Can we have some effect—even if it is small—on air pollution, clear-cutting of our national forests, or global warming by buying products that are biodegradable, nontoxic, recyclable, reusable, and so forth?
Search online for examples of sustainability diagrams. What types of examples can you find? A range of sustainability efforts incorporate graphic designs with different words and colors overlapping, cartoons, and photographs. What are the rhetorical constraints (limitations or possibilities) of
Imagine a two-minute public service announcement about various topics of risk (for example, coal plants polluting the air, flame retardants in our homes, artificial turf, etc.). What are the biggest challenges to communicating risks? How did you try to visualize risk? Which words did you think were
What do the voices of the “side effects” (such as parents of sick children) contribute to risk communication?Are these voices merely emotional, or do they have relevant insight into health or environmental dangers in their communities? Check out Safer Chemicals, Healthy Families for a nonprofit
Does your ethnicity, religion, or anything else about your cultural identifications shape your attitudes about risk? How so? Should the government take into account cultural risks, such as tribal sacred lands, or risks to a nonhuman animal population, like salmon or eagles? Why or why not?
Do you trust government warnings about the safety or health risks of smoking (CDC), tanning salons(FDA), or Superfund sites (EPA)? Why or why not? Are any or all of these warnings effective? Does it matter who delivers the message to you? Do the warnings affect your own behavior? If the government
What function do these voices serve? To inform? To change behavior? To reassure or downplay risks? To legitimize official policies? To offer “color” or personal interest for readers or viewers?
What sources are included? Is there a conflict between “legitimizers”? Do they include the voices of the “side effects”?
Is the tone sensational, opinionated, or factual?
Do the news stories provide enough information, background, or insight about the issue?
Dif usion in time and space: Is the risk spread over a large population or concentrated in one’s own community?
Fairness: Are people asked to endure greater risks than their neighbors or others, especially without access to greater benefits?
Control: Can individuals prevent or control the risk themselves?
Voluntariness: Do people assume a risk voluntarily, or is it coerced or imposed on them?
Sometimes, scientists’ roles as early warners are perceived as too dramatic, and other times, they are seen as erring on the side of least drama. Imagine you are a scientist who discovers that a city’s water supply is polluted: How can you present evidence without being imagined as too
Identify a scientific controversy today. What grounds for judgment do politicians and other non-experts identify as shaping their positions? What sources of information do you use in forming a judgment?
Is the precautionary principle a clear guide in dealing with uncertainty? How should we go about weighing the uncertainty or risks of environmental danger versus the economic and other benefits that come from an activity like fracking? Is there a risk to erring on the side of public health?
Climate scientists often claim that science is about facts, not belief. Climate deniers seem to delegitimize not only climate research as a “hoax” but science more broadly as belief and not fact. Consider, for example, defunding of government agencies with science missions. Why do you believe
What communication strategies about climate change are most likely to succeed in engaging your friends?your family?students at your campus who disagree with you?strangers?

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Environmental Communication And The Public Sphere 5th Edition Phaedra C. Pezzullo, Robert Cox - Solutions

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