Project Quality Management Why What And How 2nd Edition Kenneth H. Rose - Solutions

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What does an arrow mean in an arrow diagram?
What does a node mean in an arrow diagram?
To demonstrate the concept of summary bars, draw bar charts for building a new home. Use a few summary activities, such as laying the foundation, putting a slab on a grade, framing, electrical work, plumbing, HVAC (heating, ventilation, and air-conditioning), putting on the roof, installing doors
Contact a contractor and ask the contractor whether he or she uses bar charts(they may be called Gantt charts). Ask about the main types of bar chart reports.Which groups of activities are included? Ask if the bar charts are prepared as bar charts or as an output for a CPM schedule.
Prepare a bar chart for making a cake (from scratch; don’t use a ready mix).Choose the appropriate time unit (minutes, or 5- or 10-minute intervals).
Prepare a bar chart for building an in-ground swimming pool. If you do not know the steps involved, ask a friend or a local contractor.
You are given the task of replacing the worn-out carpet in your office. Draw a bar chart showing all activities involved for this task (including removing and reinstalling baseboards; removing and disposing of the old carpet and the pad;selecting, purchasing, and delivering the new carpet and a new
Draw a bar chart for building a detached shed in your backyard. Break your project into 10–15 work activities.
Think about obtaining a bachelor degree from a college as a project. You are advising a friend, a senior in high school who plans to attend college next year.Prepare a bar chart for him, depicting all of the courses that he must take from the start of college until graduation. Obtain the program
You are running out of space in your house, so you have decided to transformyour two-car garage into a family room. In addition, you will build a simple carport in your driveway. Make a bar chart for this project, breaking your project into 10–15 work activities.
What are the main advantages of bar charts that have made them so popular?What are their main disadvantages?In the following exercises, draw a bar chart that shows the time scale on the x-axis. Use engineering paper or draw light vertical lines at certain intervals (e.g., every 5 days) to help you
What is a bar chart? What other term is synonymous with bar chart? How did the other term originate?
Search for an article on a CPM scheduling topic (ENR, Civil Engineering, PM Network, and Cost Engineering are magazines that are good sources; avoid scholarly journals). Summarize and discuss the article.
Meet with a project manager for a construction project. Ask whether he or she uses CPM scheduling. If so, discuss the benefits obtained from such scheduling.If not, politely ask why CPM scheduling is not being used.
What characteristics must a scheduler of a building project have? Can the same person be a scheduler for an industrial project? Why or why not?
Do all construction projects have the same need for CPM scheduling? Why or why not? Give examples.
List the benefits of CPM scheduling in construction projects from the owner’s perspective.
List the benefits of CPM scheduling in construction projects from the contractor’s perspective.
Think of a construction project in which you participated or that you observed.Write down the steps involved in its planning and the steps involved in its scheduling(without much specificity).
What is a project management plan? Give an example.
Define portfolio and program in the context of project management. Give examples of each.
Are the following projects? If no, make modifications that would qualify them as projects:a. Repair of a broken diesel generatorb. Raising my two kids to be the bestc. Cooking daily for my familyd. Preparing for my son’s weddinge. Investing in the stock marketf. Periodically backing up the data
Define project. What makes planning and scheduling construction projects different from general planning? (Hint: Think of the key words in the definition of project.)
Define project planning and scheduling. Differentiate between the two terms.
Describe several views of quality in the context of your own knowledge or experience. Include at least three of the following: products, defects, processes, customers, systems, or others.
Select a product (goods or services) about which you have some personal knowledge. Explain how Juran’s two components of features and freedom from failures relate to the quality of that product.
Discuss the cost of quality considering failure, prevention, and appraisal costs. Give examples from your own knowledge or experience.
Explore specifically the costs of internal and external failures. Which one can be more expensive? Give examples, imagined or from your own experience.
From your own experience—school, work, social organizations—describe the benefits of quality in real-world situations. Give examples.
a. Prepare a matrix that explores Juran’s concept of “fitness for purpose.”In the first column, list at least six examples of products: two hard goods, two services, two elements of information. In the second column, describe the fitness for purpose for each example. In the third column,
Discuss quality in the era of craft production. Who was responsible for quality? How were customer requirements determined? How did design and production influence quality? How was consistent quality maintained? Other aspects?
Describe Taylor’s concept of scientific management and how it influenced quality. Who was responsible for what? How was Taylor’s concept a step forward? What was not addressed?
Explain Juran’s view of variation and how it influenced quality. Give some examples of variation in both manufacturing and administrative contexts. How can variation within a project come into play? How can variation between projects come into play?
What is the role and importance of inspection in quality performance?How can inspection hinder quality? Describe some good ways of using inspection to achieve quality results.
How did Japanese scientists and engineers expand the view of quality?What were the benefits?
Discuss the role of customers in quality. Why are they important?What do they influence?
What are the basic elements of a quality system? What is the role of each element? How do they interact?
Describe quality “then” and “now.” How may one approach be more effective than the other?
a. Prepare an annotated Wheel of Quality for a product (goods or services) that you know something about. Draw the Wheel on a large sheet of flip-chart paper so you have room to fill in the various sections with examples. List customers, processes, and controls. Show how the listed elements form a
Discuss the principal contributions of Walter Shewart to quality, including the two types of variation he described.
Describe the overall contribution of Deming’s “Fourteen Points” to quality. Pick three that might apply to your personal experience and discuss in detail. How does each point lead to improvement?
Explain the difference between Juran’s concepts of control and breakthrough.
Summarize Crosby’s concept of “quality is free.” From your personal knowledge and experience, what activities contribute to quality? Is quality really free?
What were the major contributions to quality by Ishikawa and Taguchi?
What are the foundation and goals of the Six Sigma approach to quality? Is this a universal approach that may be applied to all activities in all domains?
Describe the ISO 9000 approach to quality. What is the basic goal?What are the key elements?
Explain the purpose of the Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Award. How might it be used internally for an improvement effort?
a. Obtain a copy of the award criteria for the Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Award. Pick a category (business/nonprofit, education, health care) in which you have interest, experience, or a personal connection. Using the criteria, design a project for self-assessment. If possible, implement the
Name the four elements of quality management. Explain how they relate to each other and why each one is important.
Describe the purpose of a quality management plan. Describe the basic elements of a good plan.
From your personal knowledge or experience, give or create several examples of quality policy statements. Explain the strengths or possible weaknesses of each one.
What is the role of customers in quality planning? Why are they important?Should they be prioritized? If so, how important is the final priority ranking?
Discuss the role of requirements in quality planning. Include the issue of prioritization.
What is the role of standards in quality planning? From your personal knowledge or experience, describe several existing standards that might come into play when managing various kinds of projects.
What is the role of specifications in quality planning? How do operational definitions link specifications to requirements?
From your personal knowledge or experience, develop at least three operational definitions and describe how they might be used to link requirements and specifications.
a. From your personal experience, select a product (goods or services) that you know something about. Develop a list of at least five customers that might be associated with the product. Prioritize the customers using an L-Shaped Matrix.b. Now develop a list of at least five requirements that
Explain why quality assurance must stand alone as a separate element of quality management.
How does quality assurance serve as a link between quality planning and quality control?
What is the role of quality assurance activities? Describe the process for defining activities.
Why are quality metrics important? What is their role? How are they developed?
Discuss the purpose of a quality assurance plan. Describe the various elements and explain their importance.
How do quality audits contribute to overall quality management?What are the advantages or disadvantages of internal and external audits?
a. Choose a product or activity about which you have some personal knowledge. An activity may be something simple like a party, sports event, concert, or vacation. Sketch out the requirements for producing a successful product or conducting a successful activity. Now, develop appropriate quality
Discuss the role of results in quality control. Why are results important?
What is the purpose of inspection in quality control? How may it be best applied?
Why is quality improvement necessary? Address this from different points of view.
Discuss potential hurdles to quality improvement. How may they be overcome?
Describe the plan-do-check-act cycle. Explain the four elements.How is the “check” element related to the subsequently named“study” element?
a. Identify a process or activity about which you have personal knowledge. Identify an improvement opportunity. Develop and describe a plan-do-check-act project that will accomplish the improvement.Run the project in real life if you can. If you can’t, run a virtual implementation using several
Describe the four steps in developing a check sheet for collecting data. Why is a check sheet useful? How is it different from a checklist?
Explain how line graphs, bar graphs, and circle graphs might be used for understanding different types of data. Why not use the same type of graph for all types of data?
Why is a histogram a special type of bar graph? Describe how data are organized and how the graph is constructed.
Explain why a Pareto chart is a special type of bar graph. Describe how the data are arranged and how the data are interpreted.
What is the purpose of a scatter diagram? Describe how it is constructed and how the data are interpreted. Can scatter diagrams be used to look to the future?
Create a check sheet for collecting data about something that interests you. Be creative, e.g., go to a fast food restaurant during lunch and collect data on orders for a given period. (You may need the manager’s permission to do this.)
Prepare a line graph, bar graph, and circle graph using simple data that are available to you.
Prepare a histogram with data that are readily available to you, e.g., the individual height of your classmates and all their family members.
Prepare a Pareto chart with data that are available to you. If you visit a fast food restaurant for Exercise 1, perhaps you could use the individual menu items as categories. They are not defects per se, but may provide the data necessary to construct and interpret the chart.Exercise 1Create a
Prepare a scatter diagram using data available to you. If you collected height data in Exercise 3, perhaps you could link this with age data and use that for one axis, height for the other.Exercise 3Prepare a histogram with data that are readily available to you, e.g., the individual height of your
How do flow charts help in understanding processes? Should a good flow chart be very broad or more narrow in scope? Should a flow chart be comprehensive or just cover the basics?
What information do run charts disclose? Why is this helpful in understanding processes?
Discuss the purpose and usefulness of control charts. What does “in control” mean? What is the difference between the voice of the process and the voice of the customer? How are each one displayed on a control chart? For extra credit, do a little research and describe the purpose and usefulness
Prepare a flow chart for a common process with which you have personal knowledge or experience.
Prepare a run chart for a common activity in which you have personal knowledge or experience, e.g., daily commute either by conveyance or on foot, daily expenditures for lunch, daily outside temperature for 10 days, and so on.
If possible, collect some data on a repeatable process in which you are involved and prepare a control chart. Use the type of chart described in this chapter with the associated number and type of data points.
What is the purpose of cause and effect diagrams? Why are they useful?How are cause categories selected? How is data developed and analyzed?
What kinds of situations suggest the use of pillar diagrams? What is the outcome of applying a pillar diagram?
One of the members of your class or perhaps a friend is having a birthday next month. You and several others would like to throw a party. The last time you did this, it did not go well. Prepare a cause and effect diagram to analyze a “bad birthday party.” Generate your own list of possible
Identify some kind of task or activity with which you have personal knowledge or experience that may include multiple problems arising from multiple causes. Prepare a pillar diagram to analyze the situation.Consider adding weighted values as described in this chapter.
Discuss the purpose and usefulness of force field analysis. What is the basic principle? What is the basic goal?
Describe the two approaches to brainstorming. When might one be more useful than the other? What are some advantages and disadvantages of each approach?
How do affinity diagrams help make sense of large amounts of data?What source of knowledge do they tap into? How do they reduce bias?
Discuss the purpose and usefulness of nominal group technique and multi-voting. What is the purpose of multi-voting? What is the benefit of anonymous idea generation and voting?
Identify a situation with which you are familiar that includes multiple contributing factors. Prepare a force field analysis chart that will allow you to develop a plan to improve the situation.
With a group of classmates or colleagues, conduct a brainstorming session using each of the two approaches. Did one work better than the other? Were you able to stick to the “rules of the road”?
Pick a moderately complex problem or situation with multiple contributing factors. On your own, identify a large number of contributing factors. Organize them and make sense of them using an affinity diagram.
With a small group of classmates or colleagues, pick a problem or situation of moderate interest and analyze it using nominal group technique and multi-voting.
How may a compliance matrix be used as a simple checklist? How may it be used in a more extensive way?
Describe the purpose and usefulness of peer review. What are the benefits? What are the potential pitfalls?

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Project Quality Management Why What And How 2nd Edition Kenneth H. Rose - Solutions

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