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physics
college physics 2nd

Questions and Answers of College Physics 2nd

At takeoff, a commercial jet has a 60.0 m/s speed. Its tires have a diameter of 0.850 m.(a) At how many rev/min are the tires rotating?(b) What is the centripetal acceleration at the edge of the
Draw a free body diagram for a satellite in an elliptical orbit showing why its speed increases as it approaches its parent body and decreases as it moves away.
A large household air conditioner may consume 15.0 kW of power. What is the cost of operating this air conditioner 3.00 h per day for 30.0 d if the cost of electricity is $0.110 per kW.h?
Propose a force standard different from the example of a stretched spring discussed in the text. Your standard must be capable of producing the same force repeatedly.
Serving at a speed of 170 km/h, a tennis player hits the ball at a height of 2.5 m and an angle θ below the horizontal. The base line is 11.9 m from the net, which is 0.91 m high. What is the angle
An owl is carrying a mouse to the chicks in its nest. Its position at that time is 4.00 m west and 12.0 m above the center of the 30.0 cm diameter nest. The owl is flying east at 3.50 m/s at an angle
Suppose a soccer player kicks the ball from a distance 30 m toward the goal. Find the initial speed of the ball if it just passes over the goal, 2.4 m above the ground, given the initial direction to
Can a goalkeeper at her/ his goal kick a soccer ball into the opponent’s goal without the ball touching the ground? The distance will be about 95 m. A goalkeeper can give the ball a speed of 30 m/s.
The free throw line in basketball is 4.57 m (15 ft) from the basket, which is 3.05 m (10 ft) above the floor. A player standing on the free throw line throws the ball with an initial speed of 8.15
In 2007, Michael Carter (U.S.) set a world record in the shot put with a throw of 24.77 m. What was the initial speed of the shot if he released it at a height of 2.10 m and threw it at an angle of
A football player punts the ball at a 45.0° angle. Without an effect from the wind, the ball would travel 60.0 m horizontally. (a) What is the initial speed of the ball?(b) When the ball is near
Derivefor the range of a projectile on level ground by finding the time at which becomes zero and substituting this value of into the expression fornoting that R = la 2 sin 200 8
Prove that the trajectory of a projectile is parabolic, having the form y = ax + bx2. To obtain this expression, solve the equation x = v0xt for t and substitute it into the expression for
Unreasonable Results (a) Find the maximum range of a super cannon that has a muzzle velocity of 4.0 km/s.(b) What is unreasonable about the range you found?(c) Is the premise unreasonable or is the
Construct Your Own Problem Consider an airplane headed for a runway in a cross wind. Construct a problem in which you calculate the angle the airplane must fly relative to the air mass in order to
(a) A jet airplane flying from Darwin, Australia, has an air speed of 260 m/s in a direction 5.0° south of west. It is in the jet stream, which is blowing at 35.0 m/s in a direction 15° south of
(a) Use the distance and velocity data in Figure 3.59 to find the rate of expansion as a function of distance.(b) If you extrapolate back in time, how long ago would all of the galaxies have been at
A ship sets sail from Rotterdam, The Netherlands, heading due north at 7.00 m/s relative to the water. The local ocean current is 1.50 m/s in a direction 40.0° north of east. What is the velocity of
Critical Thinking Two identical spring-loaded launchers are fixed to the end of a table. Launcher A is inclined 40° above the horizontal and launcher B is inclined 50° above the horizontal.(a)
A sandal is dropped from the top of a 15.0-m-high mast on a ship moving at 1.75 m/s due south. Calculate the velocity of the sandal when it hits the deck of the ship: (a) Relative to the ship and(b)
A football quarterback is moving straight backward at a speed of 2.00 m/s when he throws a pass to a player 18.0 m straight downfield. The ball is thrown at an angle of 25° relative to the ground
Which has more mass: a kilogram of cotton balls or a kilogram of gold?
The great astronomer Edwin Hubble discovered that all distant galaxies are receding from our Milky Way Galaxy with velocities proportional to their distances. It appears to an observer on the Earth
An ice hockey player is moving at 8.00 m/s when they hit the puck toward the goal. The speed of the puck relative to the player is 29.0 m/s. The line between the center of the goal and the player
Suppose that the net external force (push minus friction) exerted on a lawn mower is 51 N (about 11 lb) parallel to the ground. The mass of the mower is 24 kg. What is its acceleration?StrategySince
(a) In what direction would the ship in Exercise 3.57 have to travel in order to have a velocity straight north relative to the Earth, assuming its speed relative to the water remains 7.00 m/s?(b)
An athlete crosses a 25-m-wide river by swimming perpendicular to the water current at a speed of 0.5 m/s relative to the water. They reach the opposite side at a distance 40 m downstream from the
(a) Another airplane is flying in a jet stream that is blowing at 45.0 m/s in a direction 20° south of east (as in Exercise 3.58). Its direction of motion relative to the Earth is 45.0° south of
Unreasonable Results A commercial airplane has an air speed of 280 m/s due east and flies with a strong tailwind. It travels 3000 km in a direction 5° south of east in 1.50 h.(a) What was the
What properties do forces have that allow us to classify them as vectors?
A seagull flies at a velocity of 9.00 m/s straight into the wind.(a) If it takes the bird 20.0 min to travel 6.00 km relative to the Earth, what is the velocity of the wind?(b) If the bird turns
Bryan Allen pedaled a human-powered aircraft across the English Channel from the cliffs of Dover to Cap Gris-Nez on June 12, 1979. (a) He flew for 169 min at an average velocity of 3.53 m/s in a
A 63.0-kg sprinter starts a race with an acceleration of 4.20 m/s2. What is the net external force on him?
Unreasonable Results Suppose you wish to shoot supplies straight up to astronauts in an orbit 36,000 km above the surface of the Earth.(a) At what velocity must the supplies be launched? (b) What is
Propose a force standard different from the example of a stretched spring discussed in the text. Your standard must be capable of producing the same force repeatedly.
Verify that the coin dropped by the airline passenger in the Example 3.8 travels 144 m horizontally while falling 1.50 m in the frame of reference of the Earth.Data given in Example 3.8An airline
Bryan Allen pedaled a human-powered aircraft across the English Channel from the cliffs of Dover to Cap Gris-Nez on June 12, 1979. (a) He flew for 169 min at an average velocity of 3.53 m/s in a
A seagull flies at a velocity of 9.00 m/s straight into the wind.(a) If it takes the bird 20.0 min to travel 6.00 km relative to the Earth, what is the velocity of the wind?(b) If the bird turns
Verify that the coin dropped by the airline passenger in the Example 3.8 travels 144 m horizontally while falling 1.50 m in the frame of reference of the Earth.Data given in Example 3.8An airline
A football quarterback is moving straight backward at a speed of 2.00 m/s when he throws a pass to a player 18.0 m straight downfield. The ball is thrown at an angle of 25° relative to the ground
A ship sets sail from Rotterdam, The Netherlands, heading due north at 7.00 m/s relative to the water. The local ocean current is 1.50 m/s in a direction 40.0° north of east. What is the velocity of
(a) A jet airplane flying from Darwin, Australia, has an air speed of 260 m/s in a direction 5.0° south of west. It is in the jet stream, which is blowing at 35.0 m/s in a direction 15° south of
(a) In what direction would the ship in Exercise 3.57 have to travel in order to have a velocity straight north relative to the Earth, assuming its speed relative to the water remains 7.00 m/s?(b)
(a) Another airplane is flying in a jet stream that is blowing at 45.0 m/s in a direction 20° south of east (as in Exercise 3.58). Its direction of motion relative to the Earth is 45.0° south of
The great astronomer Edwin Hubble discovered that all distant galaxies are receding from our Milky Way Galaxy with velocities proportional to their distances. It appears to an observer on the Earth
A sandal is dropped from the top of a 15.0-m-high mast on a ship moving at 1.75 m/s due south. Calculate the velocity of the sandal when it hits the deck of the ship: (a) Relative to the ship and(b)
(a) Use the distance and velocity data in Figure 3.59 to find the rate of expansion as a function of distance.(b) If you extrapolate back in time, how long ago would all of the galaxies have been at
An ice hockey player is moving at 8.00 m/s when they hit the puck toward the goal. The speed of the puck relative to the player is 29.0 m/s. The line between the center of the goal and the player
An athlete crosses a 25-m-wide river by swimming perpendicular to the water current at a speed of 0.5 m/s relative to the water. They reach the opposite side at a distance 40 m downstream from the
Unreasonable Results Suppose you wish to shoot supplies straight up to astronauts in an orbit 36,000 km above the surface of the Earth.(a) At what velocity must the supplies be launched? (b) What is
Unreasonable Results A commercial airplane has an air speed of 280 m/s due east and flies with a strong tailwind. It travels 3000 km in a direction 5° south of east in 1.50 h.(a) What was the
Construct Your Own Problem Consider an airplane headed for a runway in a cross wind. Construct a problem in which you calculate the angle the airplane must fly relative to the air mass in order to
Critical Thinking Two identical spring-loaded launchers are fixed to the end of a table. Launcher A is inclined 40° above the horizontal and launcher B is inclined 50° above the horizontal.(a)
A 63.0-kg sprinter starts a race with an acceleration of 4.20 m/s2. What is the net external force on him?
Which has more mass: a kilogram of cotton balls or a kilogram of gold?
Suppose that the net external force (push minus friction) exerted on a lawn mower is 51 N (about 11 lb) parallel to the ground. The mass of the mower is 24 kg. What is its acceleration?StrategySince
Propose a force standard different from the example of a stretched spring discussed in the text. Your standard must be capable of producing the same force repeatedly.
What properties do forces have that allow us to classify them as vectors?
Prior to space flights carrying astronauts, rocket sleds were used to test aircraft, missile equipment, and physiological effects on human subjects at high speeds. They consisted of a platform that
Show that 1.0 m/s = 3.6 km/h.
Dragsters can actually reach a top speed of 145m/s in only 4.45 s—considerably less time than given in Example 2.10 and Example 2.11.(a) Calculate the average acceleration for such a dragster.(b)
Determine the number of significant figures in the following measurements:a. 0.0009b. 15,450.0c. 6 × 103d. 87.990e. 30.42
A dolphin in an aquatic show jumps straight up out of the water at a velocity of 13.0 m/s.(a) List the knowns in this problem.(b) How high does his body rise above the water? To solve this part,
Using approximate values, calculate the slope of the curve in Figure 2.60 to verify that the velocity at t = 30.0 s is approximately 0.24 m/s.Data given in Figure 2.60 Position
A ball is thrown horizontally from the top of a 60.0-m building and lands 100.0 m from the base of the building. Ignore air resistance.(a) How long is the ball in the air?(b) What must have been the
Verify the ranges for the projectiles in Figure 3.38(a) for θ = 45° and the given initial velocities.Data given in Figure 3.38 (a) (b) 50 m/s 40 m/s 30 m/s 45° R=91.8 m Vo = 50 m/s 75% 45° -R=163
In the standing broad jump, one squats and then pushes off with the legs to see how far one can jump. Suppose the extension of the legs from the crouch position is 0.600 m and the acceleration
Gun sights are adjusted to aim high to compensate for the effect of gravity, effectively making the gun accurate only for a specific range.(a) If a gun is sighted to hit targets that are at the same
The world long jump record is 8.95 m (Mike Powell, USA, 1991). Treated as a projectile, what is the maximum range obtainable by a person if he has a take-off speed of 9.5 m/s? State your assumptions.
A football quarterback is moving straight backward at a speed of 2.00 m/s when he throws a pass to a player 18.0 m straight downfield.(a) If the ball is thrown at an angle of 25° relative to the
Suppose you walk 18.0 m straight west and then 25.0 m straight north. How far are you from your starting point, and what is the compass direction of a line connecting your starting point to your
Two campers in a national park hike from their cabin to the same spot on a lake, each taking a different path, as illustrated below. The total distance traveled along Path 1 is 7.5 km, and that along
Suppose you first walk 12.0 m in a direction 20° west of north and then 20.0 m in a direction 40.0° south of west. How far are you from your starting point, and what is the compass direction of a
If an airplane pilot is told to fly 123 km in a straight line to get from San Francisco to Sacramento, explain why he could end up anywhere on the circle shown in Figure 3.48. What other information
Refer to Figure 3.43, which shows a boat trying to go straight across the river. Let us calculate the magnitude and direction of the boat's velocity relative to an observer on the shore, vtot. The
Repeat the problem above, but reverse the order of the two legs of the walk; show that you get the same final result. That is, you first walk leg B, which is 20.0 m in a direction exactly 40° south
Calculate the wind velocity for the situation shown in Figure 3.44. The plane is known to be moving at 45.0 m/s due north relative to the air mass, while its velocity relative to the ground (its
Suppose you take two steps A and B (that is, two nonzero displacements). Under what circumstances can you end up at your starting point? More generally, under what circumstances can two nonzero
(a) Repeat the problem two problems prior, but for the second leg you walk 20.0 m in a direction 40.0°).(b) Repeat the problem two problems prior, but now you first walk 20.0 m in a direction 40.0°
Explain why it is not possible to add a scalar to a vector.
An airline passenger drops a coin while the plane is moving at 260 m/s. What is the velocity of the coin when it strikes the floor 1.50 m below its point of release:(a) Measured relative to the
Show that the order of addition of three vectors does not affect their sum. Show this property by choosing any three vectors A, B, and C, all having different lengths and directions. Find the sum A +
Show that the sum of the vectors discussed in Example 3.2 gives the result shown in Figure 3.23.Data given in Example 3.2A woman sailing a boat at night is following directions to a dock. The
If you take two steps of different sizes, can you end up at your starting point? More generally, can two vectors with different magnitudes ever add to zero? Can three or more?
Find the magnitudes of velocities vA and vB in Figure 3.52 y Vtot = 6.72 m/s tot 23.0% 26.5° 22.5° VA Vtot = VA + VB VB X
Suppose you add two vectors and . What relative direction between them produces the resultant with the greatest magnitude? What is the maximum magnitude? What relative direction between them produces
Find the components of vtot along the x- and y-axes in Figure 3.52. y Vtot V tot 6.72 m/s 23.0% 26.5° 22.5° VA Vtot = VA + VB VB X
Give an example of a nonzero vector that has a component of zero.
Explain why a vector cannot have a component greater than its own magnitude.
Find the components of vtot along a set of perpendicular axes rotated 30° counterclockwise relative to those in Figure 3.52. y Vtot V tot 6.72 m/s 23.0% 26.5° 22.5° VA Vtot = VA + VB VB X
If the vectors A and B are perpendicular, what is the component of A along the direction of B? What is the component of B along the direction of A?
Answer the following questions for projectile motion on level ground assuming negligible air resistance (the initial angle being neither 0 nor 90°):(a) Is the velocity ever zero?(b) When is the
Answer the following questions for projectile motion on level ground assuming negligible air resistance (the initial angle being neither 0° nor 90°): (a) Is the acceleration ever zero?(b) Is the
Find the north and east components of the displacement from San Francisco to Sacramento shown in Figure 3.54. Point Arena W N San Francisco zato Healdsburg + S Santa Rosa E Sacramento Vallejo S Sarta
For a fixed initial speed, the range of a projectile is determined by the angle at which it is fired. For all but the maximum, there are two angles that give the same range. Considering factors that
Solve the following problem using analytical techniques: Suppose you walk 18.0 m straight west and then 25.0 m straight north. How far are you from your starting point, and what is the compass
During a lecture demonstration, a professor places two coins on the edge of a table. She then flicks one of the coins horizontally off the table, simultaneously nudging the other over the edge.
Repeat Exercise 3.16 using analytical techniques, but reverse the order of the two legs of the walk and show that you get the same final result. (This problem shows that adding them in reverse order
What frame or frames of reference do you instinctively use when driving a car? When flying in a commercial jet airplane?
A basketball player dribbling down the court usually keeps his eyes fixed on the players around him. He is moving fast. Why doesn’t he need to keep his eyes on the ball?

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