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statistics
elementary statistics a step by step approach
Questions and Answers of
Elementary Statistics A Step By Step Approach
Using the information in Exercise find the probability of each poker hand.a. Royal flushb. Straight flushc. Four of a kindData from in Exercise Using combinations, calculate the number of each
What is 0!?a. 0b. 1 c. Undefinedd. 10
What is the number of permutations of 6 different objects taken all together?a. 0b. 1c. 36 d. 720
Evaluate each expression.a. 6!b. 11!c. 2!d. 9!e. 9P6f. 11P4g. 8P0h. 10P2
What is nP0?a. 0b. 1 c. nd. It cannot be determined.
Evaluate each expression.a. 8!b. 10!c. 0!d. 1! e. 7P5f. 12P4g. 5P3h. 6P0i. 5P5j. 6P2
If an event cannot occur, its probability is ________.
How many different 4-letter permutations can be formed from the letters in the word decagon?
The probability of an event can be any number between and including ________ and ________.
If a card is drawn from a deck, find the probability of getting these results:a. A 6 and a spadeb. A black kingc. A red card and a 7d. A diamond or a hearte. A black card
How many different ways can 5 public service announcements be run during 1 hour?
A researcher found that the number of times people visited fast-food restaurants increased with increasing income.In Exercises identify the independent variable and the dependent variable.
Are salads a healthy menu choice? Listed below are the number of calories in selected entrée salads at several popular restaurants. Find the mean, median, mode and midrange for the data.
Averages give us information to help us see where we stand and enable us to make comparisons. Here is a study on the average cost of a wedding. What type of average—mean, median, mode, or
Use the data collected in data project 1 of Chapter 2 regarding earnings per share. Determine the mean, mode, median, and midrange for the two data sets. Is one measure of center more appropriate
From the Data Bank, choose one of the following variables: age, weight, cholesterol level, systolic pressure, IQ, or sodium level. Select at least 30 values, and find the mean, median, mode, and
What is a z score?
This article states that the average yearly cost of smoking a pack of cigarettes a day is $1190. Find the average cost of a pack of cigarettes in your area, and compute the cost per day for 1 year.
Use the data collected in data project 2 of Chapter 2 regarding home runs. Determine the mean, mode, median, and midrange for the two data sets. Is one measure of center more appropriate than the
Find the range, variance, and standard deviation for the data selected in Exercise 1.Data from in Exercise 1From the Data Bank, choose one of the following variables: age, weight, cholesterol level,
The mean cannot be found for grouped data when there is an open class.
Define percentile rank.
The number of natural gas drilling sites in Pennsylvania counties with drilling operations is listed below. Find the mean, median, mode and midrange for the data and discuss the differences in these
The table shows the median ages of residents for the 10 oldest states and the 10 youngest states of the United States including Washington, D.C. Explain why the median is used instead of the mean.
Use the data collected in data project 3 of Chapter 2. Determine the mean for the frequency table created in that project. Find the actual mean length of all50 songs. How does the grouped mean
From the Data Bank, choose 10 values from any variable, construct a boxplot, and interpret the results.Data from Data Bank Data Bank 088989 ID number 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 Age 27 18 32 24 19 56 65 36
A single, extremely large value can affect the median more than the mean.
Use the data collected in data project 6 of Chapter 2 regarding heart rates. Determine the mean and standard deviation for each set of data. Do the means seem very different from one another? Do the
Randomly select 10 values from the number of suspensions in the local school districts in southwestern Pennsylvania in Data Set V in Appendix B. Find the mean, median, mode, range, variance, and
For Exercises identify the five-number summary and find the interquartile range.14.6, 19.8, 16.3, 15.5, 18.2
Using the data from Data Set VII in Appendix B, find the mean, median, mode, range, variance, and standard deviation of the acreage owned by the municipalities. Comment on the skewness of the data,
For Exercises identify the five-number summary and find the interquartile range.9.7, 4.6, 2.2, 3.7, 6.2, 9.4, 3.8
Use your class as a sample. Determine the mean, median, and standard deviation for the age of students in your class. What z score would a 40-year-old have? Would it be unusual to have an age of 40?
The range and midrange are both measures of variation.
The planet Jupiter has at least 62 moons. In 1610 Galileo first observed the four brightest moons with a telescope. They are listed below with their diameters. Find the mean, median, mode, and
What is a decile?
The data show the number of tornados recorded for each month of a specific year. Find the range, variance, and standard deviation for the data.33 10 62 132
One disadvantage of the median is that it is not unique.
The average weekly unemployment benefits (in dollars) for a random selection of states are listed below. Calculate the range, variance, and standard deviation for the data.239 214
The mode and midrange are both measures of variation.
The enrollments at a random selection of independent religiously controlled undergraduate schools are indicated below. Find the mean, median, mode, and midrange. Compare the mean and median and what
If a person’s score on an exam corresponds to the 75th percentile, then that person obtained 75 correct answers out of 100 questions.
The scores from the last 10 years’ U.S. Bowling Congress Championships are shown below for men and for women. Find the range, variance, and standard deviation for each data set. Which set of data
What is the value of the mode when all values in the data set are different?a. 0b. 1c. There is no mode.d. It cannot be determined unless the data values are given.
When data are categorized as, for example, places of residence (rural, suburban, urban), the most appropriate measure of central tendency is thea. Meanb. Medianc. Mode d. Midrange
P50 corresponds toa. Q2b. D5 c. IQRd. Midrange
Which is not part of the five-number summary?a. Q1 and Q3b. The mean c. The mediand. The smallest and the largest data values
A statistic that tells the number of standard deviations a data value is above or below the mean is calleda. A quartileb. A percentile c. A coefficient of variationd. A z score
The numbers of prisoners executed by the state since 1977 for the top 12 states are listed below. Find the range, variance, and standard deviation of the data. TX VA AL OK 355 94 34 79 LA
The numbers of grams of protein in a random selection of granola and protein bars are listed below. Construct a boxplot for the data.14 15 11 4
When a distribution is bell-shaped, approximately what percentage of data values will fall within 1 standard deviation of the mean?a. 50%b. 68% c. 95%d. 99.7%
The number of people killed in each state from passenger vehicle crashes for a specific year is shown. Find the range, variance, and standard deviation for the data. 778 309 1067 826 218
A measure obtained from sample data is called a(n) _________.
Construct vertical and horizontal bar graphs for the number of pets (in millions) in the United States. Type Dogs Cats Fish Other Number 78 86 160 53
From the Data Bank located in Appendix B, choose one of the following variables: age, weight, cholesterol level, systolic pressure, IQ, or sodium level. Select at least 30 values. For these values,
In the construction of a frequency distribution, it is a good idea to have overlapping class limits, such as 10–20, 20–30, 30–40.
Shown are various statistics about the Great Lakes. Using appropriate graphs (your choice) and summary statements, write a report analyzing the data. Length (miles) Breadth (miles) Depth
Consider the 30 stocks listed as the Dow Jones Industrials. For each, find its earnings per share. Randomly select 30 stocks traded on the NASDAQ. For each, find its earnings per share. Create a
The number of bears killed in 2010 for 52 counties in Pennsylvania is shown in the frequency distribution. Construct a histogram, frequency polygon, and ogive for the data. Comment on the skewness of
The United States won the Men’s World Hockey Championship in 1933 and 1960. Below are listed the world champions for the last 30 years. Use this information to construct a frequency distribution of
From the Data Bank, choose one of the following variables: educational level, smoking status, or exercise. Select at least 20 values. Construct an ungrouped frequency distribution for the data. For
Histograms can be drawn by using vertical or horizontal bars.
In Pennsylvania there were more teacher strikes in 2004 than there were in all other states combined. Because of the disruptions, state legislators want to pass a bill outlawing teacher strikes and
Use systematic sampling to create a sample of 25 National League and 25 American League baseball players from the most recently completed season. Find the number of home runs for each player. Create
Construct a Pareto chart for the following data on exercise. Walking, 2 mph Bicycling, 5.5 mph Golfing Tennis playing Skiing, 3 mph Running, 7 mph Calories burned per minute 2.8 3.2 5.0 7.1 9.0 14.5
From the Data Bank, select at least 30 subjects and construct a categorical distribution for their marital status. Draw a pie graph and describe briefly the findings.Data from Data Bank Appendix B
It is not important to keep the width of each class the same in a frequency distribution.
Randomly select 50 songs from your music player or music organization program. Find the length (in seconds) for each song. Use these data to create a frequency table with 6 categories. Sketch a
What are open-ended frequency distributions? Why are they necessary?
The data show the average wind speed for 30 days in a large city. Construct an ungrouped frequency distribution for the data. 8 15 8 10 12 9 9 13 13 8 9 13 。 ∞ ∞ 9 98 ∞∞ 14 8 8 13
Using the data from Data Set IV in Appendix B, construct a frequency distribution and draw a histogram. Describe briefly the shape of the distribution of the tallest buildings in New York City.Data
Frequency distributions can aid the researcher in drawing charts and graphs.
For Exercises find the class boundaries, midpoints, and widths for each class.43–47
The amount spent (in billions of dollars) for ads online is shown. (The numbers for 2011 through 2015 are projected numbers.) Draw a time series graph and comment on the trend. Year 2010 2011 2012
Using the data from Data Set XI in Appendix B, construct a frequency distribution and draw a frequency polygon. Describe briefly the shape of the distribution for the number of pages in statistics
The type of graph used to represent data is determined by the type of data collected and by the researcher’s purpose.
Consider the U.S. Electoral College System. For each of the 50 states, determine the number of delegates received. Create a frequency table with 8 classes. Is this distribution uniform, skewed, or
Construct a pie graph for the data in Exercise 18.Data from in Exercise 18A questionnaire on housing arrangements showed this information obtained from 25 respondents. Construct a frequency
Using the data from Data Set IX in Appendix B, divide the United States into four regions, as follows:Northeast CT ME MA NH NJ NY PA RI VTMidwest IL IN IA KS MI MN MD MS NE ND OH SD WISouth AL AR DE
In construction of a frequency polygon, the class limits are used for the x axis.
The frequency distribution shows the total number of points scored in the Super Bowl games from 1967 to 2012. Construct a histogram, frequency polygon, and ogive for the distribution. If you were to
Have each person in class take his or her pulse and determine the heart rate (beats in 1 minute). Use the data to create a frequency table with 6 classes. Then have everyone in the class do 25
The average amount a television viewer spent on merchandise, apparel, and snacks when watching a Super Bowl game is shown. Draw a time series graph for the data and interpret the results.
Using the data from Data Set I in Appendix B, make a stem and leaf plot for the record low temperatures in the United States. Describe the nature of the plot.Data from Set I Appendix B Data Set I
For Exercises find the class boundaries, midpoints, and widths for each class.8.24–11.36
Parents were asked to grade their child’s school for overall performance. The numbers are shown. Draw a pie graph for the data and analyze the graph. Grade A B C Number 337 424 144 D 48 F 10
Data collected over a period of time can be graphed by using a pie graph.
What is another name for the ogive?a. Histogramb. Frequency polygonc. Cumulative frequency graphd. Pareto chart
For Exercises show frequency distributions that are incorrectly constructed. State the reasons why they are wrong. Class 123-127 128-132 138-142 143-147 Frequency 3 7 2 19
What are the boundaries for 8.6–8.8?a. 8–9b. 8.5–8.9c. 8.55–8.85d. 8.65–8.75
The data show the percentages of the types of energy consumed in the United States. Draw a pie graph for the data. What percentage of energy used is obtained from fossil fuels (coal, gas, and
What graph should be used to show the relationship between the parts and the whole?a. Histogramb. Pie graphc. Pareto chartd. Ogive
Except for rounding errors, relative frequencies should add up to what sum?a. 0b. 1c. 50d. 100
Using the histogram shown here, do the following.a. Construct a frequency distribution; include class limits, class frequencies, midpoints, and cumulative frequencies.b. Construct a frequency
When 30 randomly selected customers left a convenience store, each was asked the number of items he or she purchased. Construct an ungrouped frequency distribution for the data. These data will be
Shown is an ogive depicting the cumulative frequency of the average mathematics SAT scores by state. Use it to construct a histogram and afrequency polygon. Cumulative
Fifty people were asked to identify their favorite sport. The responses were F = professional football, C = college football, B = baseball, and A = auto racing. Construct a categorical frequency
The three types of frequency distributions are_______ , _______ , and _______ .
The data show the ages of the players of the New England Patriots in 2012. Construct a dot plot for the data, and comment on the distribution.
The number of patients seen at a walk-in medical care facility for each of 40 days is shown. Construct a dot plot for the data, and comment on the distribution. 87 86 76 88 77 72 88 86 77 75 73 78 85
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