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statistics
elementary statistics a step by step approach

Elementary Statistics A Step By Step Approach 9th Edition Allan G. Bluman - Solutions

There are 22 threatened species of reptiles in the United States. In how many ways can you choose 4 to write about? (Order is not important.)
In a box of 24 iPods, 3 are defective. If 3 are sold, find the probability that all are defective. Would you consider this event likely or unlikely to occur?
What is nCn?a. 0b. 1 c. nd. It cannot be determined.
Using the information in Exercise find the probability of each poker hand.a. Royal flushb. Straight flushc. Four of a kindData from in Exercise Using combinations, calculate the number of each type of poker hand in a deck of cards. (A poker hand consists of 5 cards dealt in any order.)a. Royal
What is 0!?a. 0b. 1 c. Undefinedd. 10
What is the number of permutations of 6 different objects taken all together?a. 0b. 1c. 36 d. 720
Evaluate each expression.a. 6!b. 11!c. 2!d. 9!e. 9P6f. 11P4g. 8P0h. 10P2
What is nP0?a. 0b. 1 c. nd. It cannot be determined.
Evaluate each expression.a. 8!b. 10!c. 0!d. 1! e. 7P5f. 12P4g. 5P3h. 6P0i. 5P5j. 6P2
If an event cannot occur, its probability is ________.
How many different 4-letter permutations can be formed from the letters in the word decagon?
The probability of an event can be any number between and including ________ and ________.
If a card is drawn from a deck, find the probability of getting these results:a. A 6 and a spadeb. A black kingc. A red card and a 7d. A diamond or a hearte. A black card
How many different ways can 5 public service announcements be run during 1 hour?
A researcher found that the number of times people visited fast-food restaurants increased with increasing income.In Exercises identify the independent variable and the dependent variable.
Are salads a healthy menu choice? Listed below are the number of calories in selected entrée salads at several popular restaurants. Find the mean, median, mode and midrange for the data. 1165 1270 590 1180 1005 860 1090 1180 840 1595 700 755 900 1260 1450
Averages give us information to help us see where we stand and enable us to make comparisons. Here is a study on the average cost of a wedding. What type of average—mean, median, mode, or midrange—might have been used for each category?Wedding CostsThe average cost of a wedding varies each
Use the data collected in data project 1 of Chapter 2 regarding earnings per share. Determine the mean, mode, median, and midrange for the two data sets. Is one measure of center more appropriate than the other for these data? Do the measures of center appear similar? What does this say about the
From the Data Bank, choose one of the following variables: age, weight, cholesterol level, systolic pressure, IQ, or sodium level. Select at least 30 values, and find the mean, median, mode, and midrange. State which measurement of central tendency best describes the average and why.Data from Data
What is a z score?
This article states that the average yearly cost of smoking a pack of cigarettes a day is $1190. Find the average cost of a pack of cigarettes in your area, and compute the cost per day for 1 year. Compare your answer with the one in the article. Burning Through the Cash Everyone knows the
Use the data collected in data project 2 of Chapter 2 regarding home runs. Determine the mean, mode, median, and midrange for the two data sets. Is one measure of center more appropriate than the other for these data? Do the measures of center appear similar? What does this say about the symmetry
Find the range, variance, and standard deviation for the data selected in Exercise 1.Data from in Exercise 1From the Data Bank, choose one of the following variables: age, weight, cholesterol level, systolic pressure, IQ, or sodium level. Select at least 30 values, and find the mean, median, mode,
The mean cannot be found for grouped data when there is an open class.
Define percentile rank.
The number of natural gas drilling sites in Pennsylvania counties with drilling operations is listed below. Find the mean, median, mode and midrange for the data and discuss the differences in these measures of central tendency. Which best describes the center of the data? 9 112 20 136 26 2 693
The table shows the median ages of residents for the 10 oldest states and the 10 youngest states of the United States including Washington, D.C. Explain why the median is used instead of the mean. Rank 1 2 3 34 4 56 7 78 9 10 10 Oldest State West
Use the data collected in data project 3 of Chapter 2. Determine the mean for the frequency table created in that project. Find the actual mean length of all50 songs. How does the grouped mean compare to the actual mean?Data from in Project 3 Chapter 2Randomly select 50 songs from your music player
From the Data Bank, choose 10 values from any variable, construct a boxplot, and interpret the results.Data from Data Bank Data Bank 088989 ID number 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 Age 27 18 32 24 19 56 65 36 43 47 Educational level Smoking status Exercise 2 1 1 1 0 1 2 0 0 2 0 1 1 2 0 1 0 0 1 2 0 2 1 0 1 0
A single, extremely large value can affect the median more than the mean.
Use the data collected in data project 6 of Chapter 2 regarding heart rates. Determine the mean and standard deviation for each set of data. Do the means seem very different from one another? Do the standard deviations appear very different from one another?Data from in Project 6 Chapter 2Have each
Randomly select 10 values from the number of suspensions in the local school districts in southwestern Pennsylvania in Data Set V in Appendix B. Find the mean, median, mode, range, variance, and standard deviation of the number of suspensions by using the Pearson coefficient of skewness.Data from
For Exercises identify the five-number summary and find the interquartile range.14.6, 19.8, 16.3, 15.5, 18.2
Using the data from Data Set VII in Appendix B, find the mean, median, mode, range, variance, and standard deviation of the acreage owned by the municipalities. Comment on the skewness of the data, using the Pearson coefficient of skewness.Data from in Set VII Appendix B Data Set VII Acreage Owned
For Exercises identify the five-number summary and find the interquartile range.9.7, 4.6, 2.2, 3.7, 6.2, 9.4, 3.8
Use your class as a sample. Determine the mean, median, and standard deviation for the age of students in your class. What z score would a 40-year-old have? Would it be unusual to have an age of 40? Determine the skew of the data, using the Pearson coefficient of skewness. Data from in
The range and midrange are both measures of variation.
The planet Jupiter has at least 62 moons. In 1610 Galileo first observed the four brightest moons with a telescope. They are listed below with their diameters. Find the mean, median, mode, and midrange, and discuss which of these measures have any meaningful application with respect to these data.
What is a decile?
The data show the number of tornados recorded for each month of a specific year. Find the range, variance, and standard deviation for the data.33 10 62 132 123 316 123 133 18
One disadvantage of the median is that it is not unique.
The average weekly unemployment benefits (in dollars) for a random selection of states are listed below. Calculate the range, variance, and standard deviation for the data.239 214 327 416 321 289 209
The mode and midrange are both measures of variation.
The enrollments at a random selection of independent religiously controlled undergraduate schools are indicated below. Find the mean, median, mode, and midrange. Compare the mean and median and what that says about the data.1469 1860 1422 1023
If a person’s score on an exam corresponds to the 75th percentile, then that person obtained 75 correct answers out of 100 questions.
The scores from the last 10 years’ U.S. Bowling Congress Championships are shown below for men and for women. Find the range, variance, and standard deviation for each data set. Which set of data is more variable?Men 823 837 858 791
What is the value of the mode when all values in the data set are different?a. 0b. 1c. There is no mode.d. It cannot be determined unless the data values are given.
When data are categorized as, for example, places of residence (rural, suburban, urban), the most appropriate measure of central tendency is thea. Meanb. Medianc. Mode d. Midrange
P50 corresponds toa. Q2b. D5 c. IQRd. Midrange
Which is not part of the five-number summary?a. Q1 and Q3b. The mean c. The mediand. The smallest and the largest data values
A statistic that tells the number of standard deviations a data value is above or below the mean is calleda. A quartileb. A percentile c. A coefficient of variationd. A z score
The numbers of prisoners executed by the state since 1977 for the top 12 states are listed below. Find the range, variance, and standard deviation of the data. TX VA AL OK 355 94 34 79 LA 27 MO 66 NC GA 39 39 AR 27 AZ 22 FL 60 SC 35
The numbers of grams of protein in a random selection of granola and protein bars are listed below. Construct a boxplot for the data.14 15 11 4 26 10 2415 12 15 27
When a distribution is bell-shaped, approximately what percentage of data values will fall within 1 standard deviation of the mean?a. 50%b. 68% c. 95%d. 99.7%
The number of people killed in each state from passenger vehicle crashes for a specific year is shown. Find the range, variance, and standard deviation for the data. 778 309 1067 826 218 492 193 262 730
A measure obtained from sample data is called a(n) _________.
Construct vertical and horizontal bar graphs for the number of pets (in millions) in the United States. Type Dogs Cats Fish Other Number 78 86 160 53
From the Data Bank located in Appendix B, choose one of the following variables: age, weight, cholesterol level, systolic pressure, IQ, or sodium level. Select at least 30 values. For these values, construct a grouped frequency distribution. Draw a histogram, frequency polygon, and ogive for the
In the construction of a frequency distribution, it is a good idea to have overlapping class limits, such as 10–20, 20–30, 30–40.
Shown are various statistics about the Great Lakes. Using appropriate graphs (your choice) and summary statements, write a report analyzing the data. Length (miles) Breadth (miles) Depth (feet) Volume (cubic miles) Area (square miles) Shoreline (U.S.,
Consider the 30 stocks listed as the Dow Jones Industrials. For each, find its earnings per share. Randomly select 30 stocks traded on the NASDAQ. For each, find its earnings per share. Create a frequency table with 5 categories for each data set. Sketch a histogram for each. How do the two data
The number of bears killed in 2010 for 52 counties in Pennsylvania is shown in the frequency distribution. Construct a histogram, frequency polygon, and ogive for the data. Comment on the skewness of the distribution. How many counties had 75 or fewer bears killed? Class
The United States won the Men’s World Hockey Championship in 1933 and 1960. Below are listed the world champions for the last 30 years. Use this information to construct a frequency distribution of the champions. What is the difficulty with these data? 1982 USSR 1983 USSR 1984 Not held 1985
From the Data Bank, choose one of the following variables: educational level, smoking status, or exercise. Select at least 20 values. Construct an ungrouped frequency distribution for the data. For the distribution, draw a Pareto chart and describe briefly the nature of the chart.Data from Appendix
Histograms can be drawn by using vertical or horizontal bars.
In Pennsylvania there were more teacher strikes in 2004 than there were in all other states combined. Because of the disruptions, state legislators want to pass a bill outlawing teacher strikes and submitting contract disputes to binding arbitration. The graph shows the number of teacher strikes in
Use systematic sampling to create a sample of 25 National League and 25 American League baseball players from the most recently completed season. Find the number of home runs for each player. Create a frequency table with 5 categories for each data set. Sketch a histogram for each. How do the two
Construct a Pareto chart for the following data on exercise. Walking, 2 mph Bicycling, 5.5 mph Golfing Tennis playing Skiing, 3 mph Running, 7 mph Calories burned per minute 2.8 3.2 5.0 7.1 9.0 14.5
From the Data Bank, select at least 30 subjects and construct a categorical distribution for their marital status. Draw a pie graph and describe briefly the findings.Data from Data Bank Appendix B Data Bank ID number 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 Age Educational level Smoking status
It is not important to keep the width of each class the same in a frequency distribution.
Randomly select 50 songs from your music player or music organization program. Find the length (in seconds) for each song. Use these data to create a frequency table with 6 categories. Sketch a frequency polygon for the frequency table. Is the shape of the distribution of times uniform, skewed, or
What are open-ended frequency distributions? Why are they necessary?
The data show the average wind speed for 30 days in a large city. Construct an ungrouped frequency distribution for the data. 8 15 8 10 12 9 9 13 13 8 9 13 。 ∞ ∞ 9 98 ∞∞ 14 8 8 13 10 11 11 9 9 9 ∞ ∞ 8 9 9 8 14 12 10 8 9 9 8 8 10
Using the data from Data Set IV in Appendix B, construct a frequency distribution and draw a histogram. Describe briefly the shape of the distribution of the tallest buildings in New York City.Data from Set IV Appendix B Data Set IV Heights (in Feet) of 80 Tallest Buildings in New York
Frequency distributions can aid the researcher in drawing charts and graphs.
For Exercises find the class boundaries, midpoints, and widths for each class.43–47
The amount spent (in billions of dollars) for ads online is shown. (The numbers for 2011 through 2015 are projected numbers.) Draw a time series graph and comment on the trend. Year 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Amount $68.4 $80.2 $94.2 $106.1 $119.8 $132.1
Using the data from Data Set XI in Appendix B, construct a frequency distribution and draw a frequency polygon. Describe briefly the shape of the distribution for the number of pages in statistics books.Data from Set XI Appendix B Data Set XI Pages in Statistics Books The data values represent the
The type of graph used to represent data is determined by the type of data collected and by the researcher’s purpose.
Consider the U.S. Electoral College System. For each of the 50 states, determine the number of delegates received. Create a frequency table with 8 classes. Is this distribution uniform, skewed, or bell-shaped?
Construct a pie graph for the data in Exercise 18.Data from in Exercise 18A questionnaire on housing arrangements showed this information obtained from 25 respondents. Construct a frequency distribution for the data (H = house, A = apartment, M =mobile home, C = condominium). нс C
Using the data from Data Set IX in Appendix B, divide the United States into four regions, as follows:Northeast CT ME MA NH NJ NY PA RI VTMidwest IL IN IA KS MI MN MD MS NE ND OH SD WISouth AL AR DE DC FL GA KY LA MD NC OKSC TN TX VA WVWest AK AZ CA CO HI ID MT NV NM OR UTWA WYFind the total
In construction of a frequency polygon, the class limits are used for the x axis.
The frequency distribution shows the total number of points scored in the Super Bowl games from 1967 to 2012. Construct a histogram, frequency polygon, and ogive for the distribution. If you were to predict the total number of points for the next Super Bowl game, what range of values would you
Have each person in class take his or her pulse and determine the heart rate (beats in 1 minute). Use the data to create a frequency table with 6 classes. Then have everyone in the class do 25 jumping jacks and immediately take the pulse again after the activity. Create a frequency table for those
The average amount a television viewer spent on merchandise, apparel, and snacks when watching a Super Bowl game is shown. Draw a time series graph for the data and interpret the results. Year 2005 2007 2009 2011 2012 Amount $38.35 $56.04 $57.27 $59.33 $63.87
Using the data from Data Set I in Appendix B, make a stem and leaf plot for the record low temperatures in the United States. Describe the nature of the plot.Data from Set I Appendix B Data Set I Record Temperatures Record high 112 100 128 120 134 114 106 110 109 112 temperatures by state in
For Exercises find the class boundaries, midpoints, and widths for each class.8.24–11.36
Parents were asked to grade their child’s school for overall performance. The numbers are shown. Draw a pie graph for the data and analyze the graph. Grade A B C Number 337 424 144 D 48 F 10
Data collected over a period of time can be graphed by using a pie graph.
What is another name for the ogive?a. Histogramb. Frequency polygonc. Cumulative frequency graphd. Pareto chart
For Exercises show frequency distributions that are incorrectly constructed. State the reasons why they are wrong. Class 123-127 128-132 138-142 143-147 Frequency 3 7 2 19
What are the boundaries for 8.6–8.8?a. 8–9b. 8.5–8.9c. 8.55–8.85d. 8.65–8.75
The data show the percentages of the types of energy consumed in the United States. Draw a pie graph for the data. What percentage of energy used is obtained from fossil fuels (coal, gas, and petroleum)? Energy Natural gas Coal Petroleum Nuclear Renewable Percent 25 21 37 9 8
What graph should be used to show the relationship between the parts and the whole?a. Histogramb. Pie graphc. Pareto chartd. Ogive
Except for rounding errors, relative frequencies should add up to what sum?a. 0b. 1c. 50d. 100
Using the histogram shown here, do the following.a. Construct a frequency distribution; include class limits, class frequencies, midpoints, and cumulative frequencies.b. Construct a frequency polygon.c. Construct an ogive. 7 6 Frequency A 5 3 2 1 0 21.5 24.5 27.5 30.5 33.5 36.5 39.5 42.5 Class
When 30 randomly selected customers left a convenience store, each was asked the number of items he or she purchased. Construct an ungrouped frequency distribution for the data. These data will be used in Exercise 21. 2 6 7 6 6 4 9 2 5 2 9 2 48339 1 3 6 8 ∞ 287 8 6 5 6 4 9 4
Shown is an ogive depicting the cumulative frequency of the average mathematics SAT scores by state. Use it to construct a histogram and afrequency polygon. Cumulative frequency 50 40 30 20 10 0 AY Average Mathematics SAT Scores + + 468.5 495.5 522.5 549.5 576.5 603.5 630.5 Mathematics scores X
Fifty people were asked to identify their favorite sport. The responses were F = professional football, C = college football, B = baseball, and A = auto racing. Construct a categorical frequency distribution for the data. Which class has the most data values, and which class has the fewest data

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