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statistics
elementary statistics a step by step approach
Questions and Answers of
Elementary Statistics A Step By Step Approach
For Exercises follow these steps.a. State the hypotheses and identify the claim.b. Find the critical value.c. Compute the test value.d. Make the decision.e. Summarize the results.Use the traditional
For Exercises perform these steps.a. State the hypotheses and identify the claim.b. Find the critical value.c. Compute the test value.d. Make the decision.e. Summarize the results.Use the traditional
For Exercises follow these steps.a. State the hypotheses and identify the claim.b. Find the critical value.c. Compute the test value.d. Make the decision.e. Summarize the results.Use the traditional
Find R when r yx1 = 0.561 and ryx2= 0.714 and rx1x2 = 0.625.
For Exercises follow these steps.a. State the hypotheses and identify the claim.b. Find the critical value.c. Compute the test value.d. Make the decision.e. Summarize the results.Use the traditional
For Exercises perform the following steps.a. State the hypotheses and identify the claim.b. Find the critical value.c. Compute the test value.d. Make the decision.e. Summarize the results.Use the
For Exercises perform these steps.a. State the hypotheses and identify the claim.b. Find the critical value.c. Compute the test value.d. Make the decision.e. Summarize the results.Use the traditional
For Exercises follow these steps.a. State the hypotheses and identify the claim.b. Find the critical value.c. Compute the test value.d. Make the decision.e. Summarize the results.Use the traditional
How does the two-way ANOVA differ from the one-way ANOVA?
For Exercises follow these steps.a. State the hypotheses and identify the claim.b. Find the critical value.c. Compute the test value.d. Make the decision.e. Summarize the results.Use the traditional
For Exercises follow these steps.a. State the hypotheses and identify the claim.b. Find the critical value.c. Compute the test value.d. Make the decision.e. Summarize the results.Use the traditional
For Exercises perform the following steps.a. State the hypotheses and identify the claim.b. Find the critical value.c. Compute the test value.d. Make the decision.e. Summarize the results.Use the
For Exercises perform the following steps.a. State the hypotheses and identify the claim.b. Find the critical value.c. Compute the test value.d. Make the decision.e. Summarize the results.Use the
For Exercises perform the following steps.a. State the hypotheses and identify the claim.b. Find the critical value.c. Compute the test value.d. Make the decision.e. Summarize the results.Use the
For a 2 × 2 table, a, b, c, and d are the observed values for each cell, as shown.The chi-square test value can be computed as ab cd
Shown here are the abstract and two tables from a research study entitled “Adult Children of Alcoholics: Are They at Greater Risk for Negative Health Behaviors?” by Arlene E. Hall. Based on the
Select 10 stocks at random from the Dow Jones Industrials, the NASDAQ, and the S&P 500. For each, note the gain or loss in the last quarter. Use analysis of variance to test the claim that stocks
From the Data Bank, select a random sample of subjects, and test the hypothesis that the mean cholesterol levels of the nonsmokers, less-than-one pack- a-day smokers, and one-pack-plus smokers are
Repeat Exercise 1 for the mean IQs of the various educational levels of the subjects.Data from in Exercise 1From the Data Bank, select a random sample of subjects, and test the hypothesis that the
Use the data collected in data project 3 of Chapter 2 regarding song lengths. Consider only three genres. For example, use rock, alternative, and hip hop/rap. Conduct an analysis of variance to
What are the assumptions for ANOVA?
Using the Data Bank, randomly select 12 subjects and randomly assign them to one of the four groups in the following classifications.Use one of these variables—weight, cholesterol, or systolic
Select 10 cereals from each of the following categories: cereal targeted at children, cereal targeted at dieters, and cereal that fits neither of the previous categories. For each cereal note its
Define between-group variance and within-group variance.
Analysis of variance uses the ______test.a. zb. t c. χ2d. F
For Exercises perform the following steps.a. State the hypotheses and identify the claim.b. Find the critical value.c. Compute the test value.d. Make the decision.e. Summarize the results.Use the
For Exercises perform the following steps.a. State the hypotheses and identify the claim.b. Find the critical value.c. Compute the test value.d. Make the decision.e. Summarize the results.Use the
For Exercises follow these steps.a. State the hypotheses and identify the claim.b. Find the critical value.c. Compute the test value.d. Make the decision.e. Summarize the results.Use the traditional
For Exercises perform the following steps.a. State the hypotheses and identify the claim.b. Find the critical value.c. Compute the test value.d. Make the decision.e. Summarize the results.Use the
For Exercises follow these steps.a. State the hypotheses and identify the claim.b. Find the critical value.c. Compute the test value.d. Make the decision.e. Summarize the results.Use the traditional
For Exercises perform these steps.a. State the hypotheses and identify the claim.b. Find the critical value.c. Compute the test value.d. Make the decision.e. Summarize the results.Use the traditional
For Exercises follow these steps.a. State the hypotheses and identify the claim.b. Find the critical value(s).c. Compute the test value.d. Make the decision.e. Summarize the results.Use the
For Exercises perform the following steps.a. State the hypotheses and identify the claim.b. Find the critical value.c. Compute the test value.d. Make the decision.e. Summarize the results.Use the
For Exercises perform the following steps.a. State the hypotheses and identify the claim.b. Find the critical value.c. Compute the test value.d. Make the decision.e. Summarize the results.Use the
In the chi-square independence test, the expected frequency for each class must always be _______.
The chi-square goodness-of-fit test is always _______-tailed.
An important assumption for the chi-square test is that the observations must be _______.
The degrees of freedom for a 4 × 3 contingency table are _______.
The degrees of freedom for the goodness-of-fit test area. 0b. 1c. Sample size - 1 d. Number of categories - 1
Conduct a classroom poll to determine which of the following sports each student likes best: baseball, football, basketball, hockey, or NASCAR. Also, note the gender of the individual. Is preference
Using the data from Data Set X in Appendix B, classify the data as 1–3, 4–6, 7–9, etc. Use the chi-square goodness-of-fit test to see if the number of times each ball is drawn is equally
The null hypothesis for the chi-square test of independence is that the variables area. Dependentb. Independent c. Relatedd. Always 0
For Exercises perform these steps.a. State the hypotheses and identify the claim.b. Find the critical value.c. Compute the test value.d. Make the decision.e. Summarize the results.Use the traditional
Research the distribution (by percent) of registered Republicans, Democrats, and Independents in your state. Use your class as a sample. For each student, note the party affiliation. Is the
The values of the chi-square variable cannot bea. Positiveb. 0c. Negative d. None of the above
For Exercises follow these steps.a. State the hypotheses and identify the claim.b. Find the critical value(s).c. Compute the test value.d. Make the decision.e. Summarize the results.Use the
Research the percentages of each blood type that the Red Cross states are in the population. Now use your class as a sample. For each student note the blood type. Is the distribution of blood types
Determine whether each statement is true or false. If the statement is false, explain why.When the null hypothesis is rejected in the goodness-off it test, it means there is close agreement between
Use the data collected in data project 3 of Chapter 2 regarding song genres. Do the data indicate that songs are uniformly distributed among the genres?Data from in Project 3Randomly select 50 songs
Purchase a bag of M&M’s candy and count the number of pieces of each color. Using the information as your sample, state a hypothesis for the distribution of colors, and compare your hypothesis
Determine whether each statement is true or false. If the statement is false, explain why.The test values for the chi-square goodness-of-fit test and the independence test are computed by using the
Select a random sample of 40 individuals from the Data Bank. Use the chi-square goodness-of-fit test to see if the marital status of individuals is equally distributed.Data from in Data Bank Data
Use the chi-square test of independence to test the hypothesis that smoking is independent of gender. Use a random sample of at least 75 people.
Use a local (or favorite) basketball, football, baseball, or hockey team as the data set. For the most recently completed season, note the team’s home record for wins and losses. Test to see
Simulate the state lottery by using your calculator or MINITAB to generate 100 three digit random numbers. Group these numbers 000–099, 100–199, etc. Use the chi-square goodness-of-fit test to
How does the goodness-of-fit test differ from the chi-square variance test?
Many of the companies that produce multicolored candy will include on their website information about the production percentages for the various colors. Select a favorite multicolored candy. Find out
Use your calculator or the MINITAB random number generator to generate 100 two-digit random numbers. Make a grouped frequency distribution, using the chi-square goodness-of-fit test to see if the
Find R2adj when R = 0.774, n = 8, and k = 2.
For Exercise 21, find the 95% prediction interval of the cholesterol level of a person who consumes 10 grams of fat.Data from in Exercise 21A study is conducted with a group of dieters to see if the
A study was conducted, and a significant relationship was found among the number of hours a teenager watches television per day x1, the number of hours the teenager talks on the telephone per day x2,
For Exercises perform the following steps.a. Draw the scatter plot for the variables.b. Compute the value of the correlation coefficient.c. State the hypotheses.d. Test the significance of the
For Exercise 20, find the standard error of the estimate.Data from in Exercise 20A researcher desires to know if the age of a child is related to the number of cavities he or she has. The data are
For Exercises do a complete regression analysis.a. Draw the scatter plot.b. Compute the value of the correlation coefficient.c. Test the significance of the correlation coefficient at α = 0.05.d.
Repeat Exercise 1, using samples of values of 10 or more obtained from Data Set V in Appendix B. Let x the number of suspensions and y the enrollment size.Data from Data Set V Data Set V School
For Exercises use the same data as for the corresponding exercises in Section 10–1. For each exercise, find the equation of the regression line and find the y value for the specified x value.
Determine whether each statement is true or false. If the statement is false, explain why.Even if the correlation coefficient is high (near + 1) or low (near - 1), it may not be significant.
Use the data collected in data project 3 of Chapter 2 for this problem. For the data set note the length of the song and the year it was released. Is there a linear relationship between the length of
What is meant by the total variation? How is it computed?
Determine whether each statement is true or false. If the statement is false, explain why.When the correlation coefficient is significant, you can assume x causes y.
What is the symbol for the slope? For the y intercept?
Use a fast-food restaurant to compile your data. For each menu item note its fat grams and its total calories. Is there a linear relationship between the two variables? How much variance in total
Define the coefficient of determination.
For each state find its average SAT Math score, SAT English score, and average household income. Which has the strongest linear relationship, SAT Math and SAT English, SAT Math and income, or SAT
What is meant by the line of best fit?
How is the coefficient of determination found?
Use the data collected in data project 6 of Chapter 2 regarding heart rates. Is there a linear relationship between the heart rates before and after exercise? How much of the variability in heart
Define the coefficient of non determination.
The strength of the linear relationship between two quantitative variables is determined by the value ofa. rb. a c. xd. sest
As we have seen in previous exercises, there are relationships between various nutrient components in foods. It is far more likely that rather than a linear relationship between any two, there is a
How is the coefficient of non determination found?
To test the significance of r, a(n)_________ test is used.a. tb. F c. χ2d. None of the above
The test of significance for r has _______degrees of freedom.a. 1b. n c. n - 1d. n - 2
The equation of the regression line used in statistics isa. x = a + byb. y = bx + a c. Ý = a + bxd. x = ay + b
The coefficient of determination isa. rb. r2 c. ad. b
For Exercises perform the following steps.a. Draw the scatter plot for the variables.b. Compute the value of the correlation coefficient.c. State the hypotheses.d. Test the significance of the
Explain the meaning of the multiple correlation coefficient R.
For Exercises find the coefficients of determination and non determination and explain the meaning of each.r = 0.42
A statistical graph of two quantitative variables is called a(n) _________.
For Exercises use the same data as for the corresponding exercises in Section 10–1. For each exercise, find the equation of the regression line and find the y value for the specified x value.
For Exercises find the coefficients of determination and non determination and explain the meaning of each.r = 0.18
The x variable is called the_________ variable.
Define R2 and R2adj.
For Exercises find the coefficients of determination and non determination and explain the meaning of each.r = 0.91
The range of r is from______ to______ .
The sign of r and_______ will always be the same.
The regression line is called the________ .
What is the meaning of the adjusted R2 ? Why is it computed?
For Exercises perform the following steps.a. Draw the scatter plot for the variables.b. Compute the value of the correlation coefficient.c. State the hypotheses.d. Test the significance of the
If all the points fall on a straight line, the value of r will be______ or______ .
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