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statistics
elementary statistics a step by step approach

Questions and Answers of Elementary Statistics A Step By Step Approach

In the Exercise, we have provided simple data sets for you to practice finding the descriptive measures discussed in this section. For each data set,a. Obtain the quartiles.b. Determine the
In the Exercise, we have provided simple data sets for you to practice finding the descriptive measures discussed in this section. For each data set,a. Obtain the quartiles.b. Determine the
State pertinent properties of boxplots for symmetric, left skewed, and right-skewed distributions.
Give one reason why constructing and reading graphs and charts carefully is important
Suppose that a variable of a population has a reverse-J-shaped distribution and that two simple random samples are taken from the population.a. Would you expect the distributions of the two samples
Definea. Descriptive measures.b. Measures of center.c. Measures of variation.
In Exercises, we have provided simple data sets for you to practice the basics of finding measures of center. For each data set, determine thea. Mean b. Median. c. Mode(s).3, 5, 7
We have provided simple data sets for you to practice the basics of finding measures of center. For each data set, determine thea. Mean b. Median. c. Mode(s).2, 5, 0, −1
Consider these sample data: x1 = 12, x2 = 8, x3 = 9, x4 = 17.a. Find n. b. Compute Σxi. c. Determine x̄
Each year, tornadoes that touch down are recorded by the Storm Prediction Center and published in Monthly Tornado Statistics. The following table gives the number of tornadoes that touched down in
The mean number of tornado touchdowns is calculated by first summing all 12 data values presented, which results in 941, and then dividing this sum by 12. Thus, the mean is 78.4. This figure is
In Exercises, determine the range and sample standard deviation for each of the data sets. For the sample standard deviation, round each answer to one more decimal place than that used for the
In Exercises, determine the range and sample standard deviation for each of the data sets. For the sample standard deviation, round each answer to one more decimal place than that used for the
The Scottish Executive, Analytical Services Division Transport Statistics, compiles data on motorcycle casualties. During one year, monthly casualties resulting from motorcycle accidents in Scotland
In each of the Exercises, use the technology of your choice to determine and interpret the range and sample standard deviation for those data sets to which those concepts apply. If those concepts
Discuss the pros and cons of Chebyshev’s rule.
Consider the following data set.a. Draw a graph similar to Fig. 3.5.Fig. 3.5b. Compare the percentage of the observations that actually lie within two standard deviations to either side of the mean
The quantitative data set under consideration has roughly a bell-shaped distribution. Apply the empirical rule to solve each exercise.The data set has size 50. Approximately how many observation lie
In each of the Exercises, the quantitative data set under consideration has roughly a bell-shaped distribution. Apply the empirical rule to solve each exercise.The data set has 80 observations and
The quantitative data set under consideration has roughly a bell-shaped distribution. Apply the empirical rule to solve each exercise.The data set has 250 observations and has mean 100 and standard
In each of the Exercises, the quantitative data set under consideration has roughly a bell-shaped distribution. Apply the empirical rule to solve each exercise.The data set has 150 observations and
In each of the Exercises, the quantitative data set under consideration has roughly a bell-shaped distribution. For each exercise,a. Construct a graph similar to Fig. 3.8.b. Apply Property 1 of the
In each of the Exercises, the quantitative data set under consideration has roughly a bell-shaped distribution. For each exercise,a. Construct a graph similar to Fig. 3.8.b. Apply Property 1 of the
In the Exercise, we have provided simple data sets for you to practice finding the descriptive measures discussed in this section. For each data set,a. Obtain the quartiles.b. Determine the
Which measure of variation is preferred whena. The mean is used as a measure of center?b. The median is used as a measure of center?
Use the technology of your choice to perform the following tasks.a. Decide whether finding a regression line for the data is reasonable. If so, then also do parts (b)–(d).b. Obtain the coefficient
Following are the age and price data for Corvettes from Exercise 4.59:Use the technology of your choice to perform the following tasks.a. Decide whether finding a regression line for the data is
Following are the size and price data for custom homes from Exercises 4.60 and 4.100.Use the technology of your choice to perform the following tasks.a. Decide whether finding a regression line for
Perform the following tasks.a. Compute the linear correlation coefficient, r.b. Can you conclude from your answer in part (a) that the variables x and y are linearly related? Explain your answer.c.
Determine and sketch the area under the standard normal curve that liesa. To the left of −3.02. b. To the right of 0.61.c. Between 1.11 and 2.75. d. between −2.06 and 5.02.e. Between
The Wireless Association collects data on cell phones and publishes the results in the Semi-annual Wireless Survey. A sample of 15 monthly cell phone bills gave the following data (to the nearest
In the article “Distribution of Oxygen in Surface Sediments from Central Sagami Bay, Japan: In Situ Measurements by Microelectrodes and Planar Optodes” R. Glud et al. explored the distributions
We have given population data for a variable. For each exercise, do the following tasks.a. Find the mean, μ, of the variable.b. For each of the possible sample sizes, construct a table similar to
Refer to Exercise 9.22. Explain what each of the following would mean.a. Type I error b. Type II error c. Correct decision Now suppose that the results of carrying out the hypothesis test
We have given the value obtained for the test statistic, z, in a one-mean z-test. We have also specified whether the test is two-tailed, left-tailed, or right-tailed. Determine the P-value in each
In a classic study, described by F. Yates in The Design and Analysis of Factorial Experiments (Commonwealth Bureau of Soils, Technical Communication No. 35), the effect on oat yield was compared for
In Exercise, we have drawn a smooth curve that represents a distribution. In each case, do the following:a. Identify the shape of the distribution with regard to modality.b. Identify the shape of the
In the article “Sweetening Statistics—What M&M’s Can Teach Us” (Minitab Inc., August 2008), M. Paret and E. Martz discussed several statistical analyses that they performed on bags of
From NCAA.com—the official Web site for NCAA sports—we obtained the National Collegiate Athletic Association wrestling champions for the years 1989–2013 in the document “Championship
Observing that the proportion of blue M&Ms in his bowl of candy appeared to be less than that of the other colors, R. Fricker, Jr., decided to compare the color distribution in randomly chosen
The following table provides data on college for the students in one section of the course Introduction to Computer Science during one semester at Arizona State University. In the table, we use the
In Exercise, we have presented some simple qualitative data sets for practicing the concepts. For each data set,a. Determine a frequency distribution.b. Obtain a relative-frequency distribution.c.
The following table presents information on the Kelley Blue Book’s “10 Best Green Cars of 2013.” Note that mpg and mpge are abbreviations for miles per gallon and miles per gallon equivalent,
In Exercises, we have provided simple data sets for you to practice the basics of finding measures of center. For each data set, determine thea. Mean b. Medianc. Mode(s).3, 5, 7
The members of a population have been numbered 1–1000. A sample of size 20 is to be taken from the population, using stratified random sampling with proportional allocation. The strata are of sizes
The members of a population have been numbered 1–100. A sample of size 30 is to be taken from the population, using cluster sampling. The clusters are of equal size 10, where cluster #1 consists of
The members of a population have been numbered 1–50. A sample of size 20 is to be taken from the population, using cluster sampling. The clusters are of equal size 10, where cluster #1 consists of
We repeat the information from exercise.a. Decide, at the 10% significance level, whether the data provide sufficient evidence to conclude that x is useful for predicting y.b. Find a 90% confidence
We repeat the data and provide the sample regression equations.a. Determine the standard error of the estimate.b. Construct a residual plot.c. Construct a normal probability plot of the residuals. X
We repeat the data and provide the sample regression equations.a. Determine the standard error of the estimate.b. Construct a residual plot.c. Construct a normal probability plot of the residuals.
We repeat the data and provide the sample regression equations.a. Determine the standard error of the estimate.b. Construct a residual plot.c. Construct a normal probability plot of the residuals.
We repeat the data and provide the sample regression equations.a. Determine the standard error of the estimate.b. Construct a residual plot.c. Construct a normal probability plot of the residuals.
We repeat the data and provide the sample regression equations.a. Determine the standard error of the estimate.b. Construct a residual plot.c. Construct a normal probability plot of the residuals. x
We repeat the data and provide the sample regression equations.a. Determine the standard error of the estimate.b. Construct a residual plot.c. Construct a normal probability plot of the residuals. x
We repeat the data and provide the sample regression equations.a. Determine the standard error of the estimate.b. Construct a residual plot.c. Construct a normal probability plot of the residuals.
We repeat the data and provide the sample regression equations.a. Determine the standard error of the estimate.b. Construct a residual plot.c. Construct a normal probability plot of the residuals. x
We repeat the data and specify an alternative hypothesis for a correlation t-test. For each exercise, decide, at the 10% significance level, whether the data provide sufficient evidence to reject the
The data from Exercise 14.34 for number of birdies during a tournament and final score for 63 women golfers are on the WeissStats site.Exercise 14.34How important are birdies (a score of one under
Name three common discrete probability distributions other than the binomial distribution.
We have provided the number of trials and success probability for Bernoulli trials. Let X denote the total number of successes. Determine the required probabilities by using a. The binomial
Exercises are intended solely to provide concrete illustrations of the sampling distribution of the sample mean. For that reason, the populations considered are unrealistically small. In each
Refer to Exercise 8.77.a. The mean number of days that 30 adolescents in substance abuse treatment used medical marijuana in the last 6 months was 105.43. Find a 95% confidence interval for μ based
Refer to Exercise 8.78.a. The mean duration for a sample of 612 dives was 322 seconds. Find a 99% confidence interval for μ based on that data.b. Compare the 99% confidence intervals obtained here
In each of Exercise, we have presented a confidence interval (CI) for the difference, μ1 − μ2, between two population means. Interpret each confidence interval.99% CI is from −10 to 5.
We have given a likely range for the observed value of a sample proportion P̂.a. Based on the given range, identify the educated guess that should be used for the observed value of P̂ to calculate
Refer to Exercise 12.48. For students below postsecondary, solve the following problems.a. Determine the conditional distribution of level for each gender.b. Determine the marginal distribution of
In the paper “Depression and Bone Mineral Density: Is There a Relationship in Elderly Asian Men?”, S. Wong et al. published the results of their study on bone mineral density (BMD) and depression
A CNN/USA TODAY poll conducted by Gallup asked a sample of employed Americans the following question: “Which do you enjoy more, the hours when you are on your job, or the hours when you are not on
Consider an F-curve with d f = (2, 14). Identify the degrees of freedom for the denominator.
Consider an F-curve with d f = (2, 14). Perform a chi-square test of independence. Determine F0.05.
We have provided data from independent simple random samples from several populations. In each case, determine the following items.a. SSTR b. MSTR c. SSEd. MSE e. F Sample 1 1 9 Sample
We have provided data from independent simple random samples from several populations. In each case, determine the following items.a. SSTR b. MSTR c. SSE d. MSE e. F Sample 1
We have provided data from independent simple random samples from several populations. In each case, determine the following items.a. SSTR b. MSTR c. SSE d. MSE e. F Sample 1
We have provided data from independent simple random samples from several populations. In each case, determine the following items.a. SSTR b. MSTR c. SSE d. MSE e. F Sample 1
We have provided data from independent simple random samples from several populations. In each case, determine the following items.a. SSTR b. MSTR c. SSE d. MSE e. F Sample 1
True or false: If you know any two of the three sums of squares, SST, SSTR, and SSE, you can determine the remaining one. Explain your answer.
We provide data from independent simple random samples from several populations. In each case,a. Compute SST, SSTR, and SSE by using the computing formulas given in Formula 13.1b. Compare your
we provide data from independent simple random samples from several populations. In each case,a. Compute SST, SSTR, and SSE by using the computing formulas given in Formula 13.1b. Compare your
For a regression analysis, SST = 8291.0 and SSR = 7626.6.a. Obtain and interpret the coefficient of determination.b. Determine SSE.
In each of Exercise,a. Find the regression equation for the data points. Use the defining formulas in Definition 4.4 to obtain Sxx and Sxy.b. Graph the regression equation and the data points.The
In each of Exercise,a. Find the regression equation for the data points. Use the defining formulas in Definition 4.4 to obtain Sxx and Sxy.b. Graph the regression equation and the data points.The
The negative relation between study time and test score found in Exercise 4.63 has been discovered by many investigators. Provide a possible explanation for it.Exercise 4.63An instructor at Arizona
In Exercise 4.58, you determined a regression equation that relates the variable's percentage of investments in energy securities and tax efficiency for mutual fund portfolios.a. Should that
In Exercise 4.59, you determined a regression equation that can be used to predict the price of a Corvette, given its age.a. Should that regression equation be used to predict the price of a
In the article “Graphs in Statistical Analysis” (American Statistician, Vol. 27, Issue 1, pp 17–21), F. Anscombe presented four sets of data points with almost identical basic statistical
In Table 4.2, we provided data on age and price for a sample of 11 Orion's between 2 and 7 years old. On the WeissStats site, we have given the ages and prices for a sample of 31 Orions between 1 and
In this section, we introduced a descriptive measure of the utility of the regression equation for making predictions.a. Identify the term and symbol for that descriptive measure.b. Provide an
A measure of the amount of variation in the observed values of the response variable not explained by the regression is the______. The mathematical abbreviation for it is ________.
In Exercises,a. Compute the three sums of squares, SST, SSR, and SSE, using the defining formulas.b. Verify the regression identity, SST = SSR + SSE.c. Compute the coefficient of determination.d.
In Exercises,a. Compute the three sums of squares, SST, SSR, and SSE, using the defining formulas.b. Verify the regression identity, SST = SSR + SSE.c. Compute the coefficient of determination.d.
In Exercises,a. Compute the three sums of squares, SST, SSR, and SSE, using the defining formulas.b. Verify the regression identity, SST = SSR + SSE.c. Compute the coefficient of determination.d.
In Exercises,a. Compute the three sums of squares, SST, SSR, and SSE, using the defining formulas.b. Verify the regression identity, SST = SSR + SSE.c. Compute the coefficient of determination.d.
In Exercises,a. Compute the three sums of squares, SST, SSR, and SSE, using the defining formulas.b. Verify the regression identity, SST = SSR + SSE.c. Compute the coefficient of determination.d.
In each of Exercise, fill in the blanks.A measure of total variation in the observed values of the response variable is the__________. The mathematical abbreviation for it is_______.
In Exercises,a. Compute the three sums of squares, SST, SSR, and SSE, using the defining formulas.b. Verify the regression identity, SST = SSR + SSE.c. Compute the coefficient of determination.d.
In the Exercise, determine the linear correlation coefficient by using.a. Definition 4.8 b. Formula 4.3 Compare your answers in parts (a) and (b). Linear Correlation Coefficient For a set
Fill in the blanks.A value of r close to ±1 indicates that there is a ________linear relationship between the variables.
A value of r close to ________ indicates that there is either no linear relationship between the variables or a weak one.
A value of r close to __________indicates that the regression equation is extremely useful for making predictions.
In Exercise, determine whether r is positive, negative, or zero.

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