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project management for small projects
Value-Based Metrics For Improving Results: An Enterprise Project Management Toolkit 1st Edition Mel Schnapper, Steven C. Rollins - Solutions
The 3Ms process is able to exploit traditional ways of managing people and processes. True or false?
Ambiguous objectives are always the root cause of project management conflict. True or false?
In using the 3Ms for conflict resolution, the four variables that can bring disputants closer together are modify the metrics, weightings, standards, and time frames of the performance objectives. True or false?
Even with the 3Ms there may be a difference of opinion regarding how to establish the measures defined by the standards. True or false?
The 3Ms approach can fully resolve all conflicts that any executive might have. True or false?
By creating performance objectives with metrics, weightings, and standards, ambiguity about expected deliverables or performance can be reduced to zero. True or false?
The 3Ms allows disputants to lessen the emotionalism of disagreement by focusing on measurable outcomes that both can agree are desirable. True or false?
Many reward systems are out of sync with what the executive really wants.True or false?
As shown in the executive leadership case, the 3Ms can be used to create a reward system that makes subordinates pay attention to executive needs.True or false?
The 3Ms is a logical, technical process for defining value and outcomes and is useful for an almost infinite number of applications. True or false?
The total amount of time required to fully implement an OCM program is 90 days. True or false?
The only benefits of a well-designed human performance and development system are increased employee understanding of roles and performance expectations and a structured process through which company goals can be aligned with specific work-related tasks for future performance reviews.True or false?
The only benefits of the organizational assessment are establishing a baseline for each participant, team, and functional area from which individual and team development can be measured throughout the change process and establishing a baseline from which organizational development can be measured
The organizational assessment is used to “prove” that the business case for the change is valid. True or false?
Four services provided by the 3Ms OCM are organizational assessments, leadership development, organizational communication, and human performance and development. True or false?
The three components of the OCM process are people, process, and technology.True or false?
The organizational assessment process is the fourth step of the OCM initiative.True or false?
A common exercise used in OD is identifying behaviors that are desirable and frequent, desirable and infrequent, undesirable and frequent, and undesirable and infrequent, so everyone will change immediately. True or false?
The OD approach uses experiential exercises for skills practice, more so than lectures or reading. True or false?
Although OD might introduce some theory of organizational effectiveness, the focus is on the “here and now.” True or false?
An assumption of OD is that company systems can learn and change. True or false?
An OD facilitator is always necessary to make the OD process successful.True or false?
OD is focused on the project team as the fundamental work unit. True or false?
Typical themes of the OD approach are collusion and creating a power base. True or false?
The 3Ms process can sustain itself without any other supportive methodologies.True or false?
When the 3Ms becomes the corporate culture, there is no conflict. True or false?
In many non-3Ms corporate cultures, doing all you are supposed to do is considered “excellent.” True or false?
Most project management organizations have rigorous measures for valid baselines. True or false?
The 3Ms process will guarantee that documents or objectives at each level of the corporate hierarchy exist. True or false?
The 3Ms Manage phase will indicate to what degree the Measure phase has set reasonable standards. True or false?
Most project management organizations have executives who use metrics as a corporate management tool for managing the future. True or false?
It does not really matter if strategic planning occurs prior to or parallel to the introduction of 3Ms. True or false?
One cycle of the 3Ms process usually is sufficient for people to master the methodology. True or false?
The concepts of 3Ms standards are implicit in many project-related discussions.True or false?
Managing the 3Ms profiles at the team and individual levels in a transparent manner will undermine the effectiveness of 3Ms. True or false?
Inflationary reward systems are the result of ambiguous standards of performance.True or false?
Which of the following is more likely to be heard within a 3Ms culture:a. “Thanks for staying late last night. That was really excellent.”b. “Your sales have increased by 105%, and that is really very good.”c. “You missed the deadline for the report, but it is still satisfactory.”
When the 3Ms corporate culture is flourishing, there is no additional need for greater clarity of authority. True or false?
The 3Ms methodology, when part of the corporate culture, will accelerate the resolution of conflict. True or false?
A typical comment one would hear in the 3Ms culture is: “This is really important.” True or false?
A project scope of work is totally adequate for defining which role has what level of authority. True or false?
The more transparent the role/authority/decision process is, the better. True or false?
Negotiation is the key to a successful role/authority/decision session. True or false?
Once authority is defined at the beginning of the project’s life cycle, it does not need to be defined again. True or false?
One theme that haunts most project efforts is the ambiguity of authority.True or false?
Although it would be helpful to have supportive communication models to facilitate the role/authority/decision process, this process in itself is also a communication model regarding authority. True or false?
The consult level obligates others to listen to that person, but not necessarily follow his or her advice. True or false?
Inform is the level of authority for letting others know that action has, is being, or will be taken. True or false?
Decide is the level of authority for taking action. True or false?
The role/authority/decision exercise can be used for specific decisions and for decision making in general. True or false?
When teams commit to greater clarity and greater communication, these commitments are usually carried out. True or false?
The hierarchy of authority necessarily follows the same hierarchy of reporting relationships. True or false?
Approve, decide, recommend, and inform are the four levels of authority in this model. True or false?
The nature of authority is pretty clear to most project team members. True or false?
The 3Ms approach is all one needs to make project teams more effective.True or false?
Capacity, projects, personnel, and methods/procedures are four of the five major categories of assessing project management metrics. True or false?
Empowered individual and project team efforts because management’s support for accountabilities and results is clear is not necessarily a result of applying 3Ms. True or false?
Increased teamwork resulting from well-defined objectives that are interdependent both within and between departments and functions is always a result of the 3Ms process. True or false?
The long-term objectives of the GPMSL were to:a. Create universal measures/metrics for determining project successb. Create a universal repertoire of project management competenciesc. Create a global common template for project management metrics with conditions for local modificationsd. Establish
The following list describes all of key metrics and support systems of project management. True or false?a. Baseline metricsb. Current competency levelsc. Number of projectsd. Managers/level/rolee. Delivery experience for size and complexity
The goal of the quality management function was to develop universal measures and standards to evaluate how well projects are developed, implemented, and evaluated. True or false?
By improving project management capacity, the firm described in this chapter had the potential to make its project management expertise as value added, necessary, and nonnegotiable as other aspects of its applications projects.True or false?
The 3Ms approach has the concepts, skills, and procedures to produce clarity about the value of any individual, team, department, or project function at any level and the return on investment for any cost, effort, or investment in personnel, equipment, or new procedures. True or false?
3Ms process represents a universal logic that can be applied to:a. High-tech environmentsb. Construction companiesc. Companies with highly developed metricsd. Companies with a history of successe. Any environment, for any function, at any level
In this case study, 3Ms was able to:a. Use weightings, measures, and standards to describe results project managers are paid to achieveb. Show how metrics can define the value chainc. Create alignment among corporate, project, and individual performance objectivesd. Clarify the reward systems at
Some of the more imaginative project managers could visualize having:a. Total clarity about what they were getting paid to produceb. Contracts with supervisor, co-workers, subordinates, clients, and others relevant to their successc. Everyone accountable for and committed to their contribution for
Project managers were faced with:a. Incompatible systems for measuring project performanceb. No corporate hierarchies of objectivesc. A corporate culture that did not support metricsd. A reward system not aligned with performance metricse. All of the above
The GPMSL was created because the company was rapidly increasing its share of consulting contracts to install its own software applications. True or false?
The GPMSL was established to create the following number of metric categories:a. 12b. 14c. 16d. 18e. None of the above
Construction of a one-story, 20,000-square-foot air-conditioned office building next to the main plant by July 1, 2007 at a cost of $75,000 is a valid performance objective. True or false?
Improved quality is a valid performance objective. True or false?
Six PMP® hired by October 2006 is a valid performance objective. True or false?
Some goals may not have performance objectives. True or false?
All performance objectives can be sourced to a goal. True or false?
A performance objective should also include “why” it is being done. True or false?
A performance objective should also include “how” it will get done. True or false?
The following is a valid performance objective: 30% of shareholders know the names of three of the company’s products by December 2006. True or false?
What is the worst feature of the following objective? A 20-minute color film at a cost of $50,000 depicting in a humorous and interesting way how the company started its metrics program.a. Ambiguityb. Weightingsc. Film is too expensived. Twenty minutes is too long
What is missing from the following performance objective? Complete MS Project® update assignments within time completion date set by project manager.a. Weightingb. Standardsc. Metricsd. Nothing is missing
In the following performance objective, the most important metrics are overtime and cost: Reduce overtime from 150 hours to 50 hours at a cost≤$50,000 by June 1 = 4; by July 1 = 3; by August 1 = 2; by September 1= 1. True or false?
In the following performance objective, the most important metrics are timeliness and overtime: By August 1 reduce overtime from 150 hours to 50 hours at a cost ≤$10,500 = 4; ≤$11,500 = 3; ≤$50,000 = 2; ≥$50,000= 1. True or false?
In the following performance objective, the most important metrics are cost and reduced overtime: By August 1 at a cost ≤$50,000 reduce overtime from 150 hours to ≤40 = 4; ≤45 = 3; ≤50 = 2; ≥51 = 1. True or false?
Is “increased production” a goal or an objective?
The acronym SMART stands for special, measurable, achievable, relevant, and time framed. True or false?
Standards set for project teams and individuals must be equal regardless of skills and history on comparable projects. True or false?
The only kinds of alignment are hierarchical and horizontal. True or false?
In the project-dominated environment, project objectives and corporate objectives can be the same. True or false?
The performance objectives with weightings and standards set at the beginning of the year are good for the entire year. True or false?
The following is a correct allocation of weightings to support a goal: sales= 25%, customer relations = 25%, new product development = 50%. True or false?
Any corporate objective must have at least two performance objectives. True or false?
Goals indicate directionality of accomplishment, and objectives define outcomes in measurable terms. True or false?
Equivalent standards can equate between radically different results. True or false?
If one engineer produces 100 units at a standard of Satisfactory and is paid$100,000 and another engineer produces 50 units at a standard of Satisfactory and is paid $50,000, both have created equal value. True or false?
Corporate goals are the level at which measurable results are identified. True or false?
Every key value area must have at least one performance objective. True or false?
3Ms allows radically different functions to have equivalent value. True or false?
Equal standards must always produce equal results. True or false?
The hierarchical alignment of metrics in 3Ms is no different from that of other metrics approaches. True or false?
The 3Ms gives you access to metrics well below the project objectives. True or false?
When companies try to use contributing value areas, they distort the weightings of the KVAs. True or false?
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