Persuasive Communication 1st Edition Kristie Sigler - Solutions

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Which of the following statements is true?a. Single subject research is descriptive research in which a researcher provides a detailed report on the characteristics of an individual participant.b. Single subject research is experimental research in which a participant experiences both the
What kind of research includes case studies, surveys, studies of correlations between measures, or studies of preexisting differences?
Match the following terms._____ independent variable _____ dependent variable _____ true experimenta. Outcome measureb. Random assignmentc. Experimental manipulation
What are the two characteristics of a true experiment?
In __________ research, data often includes verbal information, such as a detailed description of behavior or a direct quote.
Which of the following statements is true?a. Empirical research involves the collection of new information through observation and measurement.b. Empirical research involves a systematic review of existing information identified through a literature search.
Define cost-effectiveness research.
What phrase refers to the use of scientific evidence to guide clinical decisions?a. Systematic inquiryb. Hypothesis testingc. Evidence-based practiced. Single subject research
5. Discuss the ethical questions provided at the end of the chapter. What ethical considerations are relevant to information in this chapter about social judg-ment theory?• Are there guidelines (e.g., don't lie) that would be appropriate for every situation, or are ethics relative?• Do the ends
4. When have you experienced assimilation, contrasting, or the boomerang effect? Did your ego-involvement influence how you evaluated the messages?How does an understanding of social judgment theory provide insight on these experiences?
3. Knowing your audience is essential in applying social judgment theory to a persuasive message. Let's assume your message falls within your audience's LOR. What are your options as a persuader? What would guide your decision about how to respond to this information about your audience?
2. In your small group, discuss how you might apply social judgment theory in your final presentations. Use the "Applying Social Judgment Theory" section in your text to guide your discussion.
1. In your small group, create a visual representation of social judgment theory.Be sure to include the key terms from the chapter. Compare your group's rep-resentation with other groups in the class.
5. What are the strengths and limitations of social judgment theory?
4. If you were to apply social judgment theory to a persuasive message, what steps would you need to consider?
3. What three factors influence the relationship between discrepancy and atti-tude change? How does each factor influence the relationship?
2. Define assimilation, contrasting, and the boomerang effect. According to social judgment theory, which of these effects facilitates persuasion?
1. Define these elements of social judgment theory: anchor, latitude of accep-tance (LOA), latitude of rejection (LOR), and latitude of noncommitment(LNC).
D. What concepts, if any, were confusing to you?
C. What did you learn that was new to you?
B. Did you agree or disagree with anything you read? Explain.
A. What are some key ideas about social judgment theory?
• DESCRIBE THE ATTITUDE CHANGE PROCESS FROM THE SOCIAL JUDGMENT PERSPECTIVE.
• EXPLAIN HOW EGO-INVOLVEMENT AFFECTS THE JUDGMENT OF MESSAGES.
• EXPLAIN HOW ASSIMILATION AND CONTRASTING OCCUR.
• EXPLAIN THE CONCEPTS OF LATITUDE OF ACCEPTANCE, REJECTION, AND NONCOMMITMENT.
3. Do you think students in your class have a strong or weak attitude about your group's topic? Explain your answer.
2. You have strong attitudes and weak attitudes about certain events, ideas, or people. Give an example of one strong attitude and one weak attitude.
1. What is an attitude? Why is it important to the study of persuasion?
5. Discuss the ethical questions provided at the end of the chapter. What ethical considerations are relevant to information in this chapter about fear and guilt appeals, use of evidence in persuasion, language style, and inoculation theory?• Are there guidelines (e.g., don't lie) that would be
4. What section of this chapter is most useful to you as you consider your final presentation? Why? How will you use what you have learned to develop a more persuasive message?
3. In your small group, discuss how you can incorporate pathos and logos in your final presentation. Which type of appeal do you think will be more effective for your audience? Why?
2. In your small group, find an advertisement or message from a health or social campaign that uses a fear appeal. Using the Extended Parallel Process Model(EPPM), discuss the components of the message and its overall effectiveness.Share your example with the rest of the class.
1. What are examples of logos and pathos appeals used in advertising or health and social campaigns? Which type of appeal seems to be used more frequently? How does this compare to the discussion of statistical and narrative evidence in this chapter?
6. What is inoculation theory? As part of your response, discuss supportive and refutational messages as well as refutational-same and refutational-different messages.
5. Would you characterize your language style as one that typically uses powerful or powerless speech? How intense is your language style? Describe any changes you could make in your language style to be more persuasive. Keep these things in mind for your final presentation.
4. What is the difference between one-sided messages and two-sided messages?Which type is most effective in persuasion? Why?
3. What five conclusions did McCroskey make about the use of evidence in persuasive messages?
2. Identify and define the four components that are necessary for an effective fear appeal.
1. Define fear appeal and guilt appeal. When have you used a fear or guilt appeal? Was your appeal successful? Why or why not?
D. What concepts, if any, were confusing to you?
C. What did you learn that was new to you?
B. Did you agree or disagree with anything you read? Explain.
A. List several message factors that influence persuasion.
• EXPLAIN HOW LANGUAGE CHOICES AFFECT PERSUASION.EXPLAIN HOW INOCULATION THEORY AND FOREWARNING DEVELOP RESISTANCE.
• EXPLAIN HOW EVIDENCE IS USED TO PERSUADE.
• DESCRIBE THE EXTENDED PARALLEL PROCESSES MODEL AND HOW IT IS USED.
• DISTINGUISH BETWEEN LOGICAL AND EMOTIONAL APPEALS.
3. Based on your topic and/or your group's topic, could you use fear or guilt to persuade your audience?Why or why not?
2. Are you more likely to be persuaded by statistics or stories and examples? Why?
1. How did Aristotle define pathos and logos?
5. Discuss the ethical questions provided at the end of the first chapter. What ethical considerations are relevant to information in this chapter about source credibility and other source factors?• Are there guidelines (e.g., don't lie) that would be appropriate for every situation, or are
4. Understanding authority as a source factor that influences persuasion can provide insight on a number of national scandals where authority figures were obeyed even though their actions were unethical or illegal. What examples can you provide? Can you justify obedience in these situations? Why or
3. What channels of information do you trust? Why? The channels you trust likely differ from channels trusted by your parents. What implications does this difference have for persuasion?
2. In your group, discuss source credibility as an important factor in your final presentations. What information could you provide to establish your credibility as a speaker on the topic you have chosen? Keep track of ideas for each group member for future reference.
1. Before reading this chapter, you listed several credible people, groups, or organizations. Discuss how your examples exhibit one, two, or all three components of credibility. Are any other source factors apparent in your examples?
5. How do source factors including similarity, physical attractiveness, and like-ability influence persuasion?
4. Identify five power bases and provide an example of each one from your own life.
3. What message variables impact perceptions of credibility? When are low or high credibility sources more persuasive?
2. According to McCroskey and Teven, what are the three components of source credibility? How do these compare to the components identified by Aristotle?
1. Derived credibility can increase or decrease as a result of a message. Provide an example of when this occurred for you.
D. What concepts, if any, were confusing to you?
C. What did you learn that was new to you?
B. Did you agree or disagree with anything you read? Explain.
A. List several source factors that influence persuasion.
• EXPLAIN HOW SOURCE SIMILARITY, ATTRACTIVENESS AND LIKEABILITY AFFECT PERSUASION.
• DESCRIBE MILGRAM'S RESEARCH ON OBEDIENCE AND AUTHORITY AS A SOURCE FACTOR.
• EXPLAIN THE TYPES OF POWER.
• EXPLAIN HOW CREDIBILITY AFFECTS PERSUASION.
• DESCRIBE FACTORS THAT INFLUENCE PERCEPTIONS OF CREDIBILITY.
• DEFINE CREDIBILITY AND DIFFERENTIATE THE MODERN DEFINITION WITH ARISTOTLE'S DEFINITION.
3. In addition to credibility, what characteristics of speakers make them effective persuaders?
2. Make a list of 2-3 credible people and 2-3 credible groups or organizations. What makes these people, groups, or organizations credible?
1. How did Aristotle define ethos?
5. Discuss the ethical questions provided at the end of the first chapter. What ethical considerations are relevant to information in this chapter about truth and rhetoric, Aristotle's proofs and canons of rhetoric?• Are there guidelines (e.g., don't lie) that would be appropriate for every
4. In your group, discuss the importance of Aristotle's proofs in your final pre-sentations and brainstorm a few examples. Which proof will be the easiest to incorporate? Which one will be the most challenging? How can you help each other balance the three proofs?
3. Find an example of ethos, pathos, and logos in advertising, health, and/or social campaigns. Share and discuss your examples with the rest of the class.
2. The Sophists, Plato, and Aristotle viewed truth and rhetoric very differently. Whose position do you find most agreeable? Why?
1. Before reading this chapter, you identified ethos, pathos, or logos as having the greatest impact on you in a persuasive argument. Now that you have read the chapter, respond to that question again. Poll the class to see who chose each proof. Discuss the choices and consider the implications for
5. Identify and describe Aristotle's five canons of rhetoric.
4. Define ethos, pathos, and logos. Provide an example of each one.
3. What did Aristotle believe about truth and rhetoric? How does this compare to the positions of the Sophists and Plato?
2. What did Plato believe about truth and rhetoric? How does this compare to the position of the Sophists?
1. What did the Sophists believe about truth and rhetoric?
D. What concepts, if any, were confusing to you?
C. What did you learn that was new to you?
B. Did you agree or disagree with anything you read? Explain.
A. How would you define rhetoric?
• THE MAJOR CONTRIBUTIONS OF ARISTOTLE.
• HOW RHETORIC WAS DEFINED AND REGARDED DURING CLASSICAL TIMES.
• WHERE AND WHEN THE STUDY OF RHETORIC BEGAN.
3. How would you define ethos, pathos, and logos? Which one tends to have the greatest impact on you? Why?
2. What do you know about Plato and Aristotle?
1. What is rhetoric?
5. Discuss the ethical questions provided at the end of the first chapter. What ethical considerations are relevant to information in this chapter about attitudes, learning theories, attitude functions, values and beliefs, and attitude measurement?* Are there guidelines (e.g., don't lie) that would
4. With your group, brainstorm a few items that would help you measure the attitudes and beliefs of your audience about your group's topic. When you are finished, discuss the process. What items were relatively easy to develop and what items were difficult to develop? Why were they easy or
3. You were asked to identify your attitude toward your university and rival before you began reading this chapter. Now that you have read the chapter, let's revisit those questions and consider possible reasons for your response.What function does each attitude serve? How does this compare to the
2. Which learning theory is most useful as a persuasion tool? Justify your response with specific examples.
1. Before reading this chapter, you wrote a definition of attitudes, beliefs, and values. How do your definitions compare to the definitions of other students in your class or group? To the definitions provided in your text? Pay special attention to the relationship between these concepts.
5. Describe the direct measure commonly used to measure attitudes, and the direct measure commonly used to measure beliefs.

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