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applied fluid mechanics
Applied Fluid Mechanics 7th edition Robert L. Mott, Joseph A. Untener - Solutions
Repeat Problem 4.48 using Fig. 4.48, except that there is now 4.65 kPa air pressure above the fluid. Ammonia sg = 0.826 0,62 m 1.25 m
Repeat Problem 4.47 using Fig. 4.47, except that there is now 7.50 kPa air pressure above the fluid. Water 1.85 m 0.75-m radius
Use Fig. 4.54. The surface is 60 in long. 48 in 36 in Alcohol sg = 0.79
Use Fig. 4.53. The surface is 1.50 m long. 2.80 m 1.20 m +: Water
Use Fig. 4.52. The surface is 1.50 m long. Water 2,80 m 1.20-m radius
Use Fig. 4.51. The surface is 4.00 m long. Gasoline sg = 0.72 5.20 m 6,00 m -300
Use Fig. 4.50. The surface is 4.50 ft long. Oil sg = 0.85 9.50 ft -7.50 ft
Use Fig. 4.49. The surface is 5.00 ft long. Water 10.00 ft 75° 15.00 ft
Use Fig. 4.48. The surface is 2.50 m long. Ammonia sg = 0.826 0,62 m 1.25 m
Use Fig. 4.47. The surface is 2.00 m long. Water 1.85 m 0.75-m radius
Repeat Problem 4.28 (Fig. 4.40), except that the tank is now sealed at the top with a pressure of 4.0 psig above the fluid. 8.0 in Semicircular hatch 10 in 26 in 20-in radius Ethylene glycol sg = 1.10 10 in Tank is symmetrical 30
Repeat Problem 4.26 (Fig. 4.38), except that the tank is now sealed at the top with a pressure of 2.50 psig above the fluid. Com syrup sg =1.43 Window 20 in 40 in 50 in 30 in - Tank is symmetrical 8 in
Repeat Problem 4.20 (Fig. 4.32), except that the tank is now sealed at the top with a pressure of 25.0 kPa above the fluid. 30° Orange drink (sg - 1.10) 3.0 m 4.6 m 2.4-m diameter 1.2 m Circular view port
Repeat Problem 4.19 (Fig. 4.31), except that the tank is now sealed at the top with a pressure of 13.8 kPa above the oil. 450-mm diameter 0.45 m 1.5 m Circular view port is centered in inclined side of Oil tank. (sg - 0.85) 0.30 m 300
Figure 4.46 shows a tank of water with a circular pipe connected to its bottom. A circular gate seals the pipe opening to prohibit flow. To drain the tank, a winch is used to pull the gate open. Compute the amount of force that the winch cable must exert to open the gate. Winch Cable - Water 38 in
Figure 4.45 shows a gate hinged at its bottom and held by a simple support at its top. The gate separates two fluids. Compute the net force on the gate due to the fluid on each side. Then compute the force on the hinge and on the support. Support Gate, 0.60 m wide 2,80 m 2.50 m 2.0 m Oil Water sg =
Figure 4.44 shows a rectangular gate holding water behind it. If the water is 6.00 ft deep, compute the magnitude and location of the resultant force on the gate. Then compute the forces on the hinge at the top and on the stop at the bottom. Hinge Water 4.00 ft Rectangular gate, 1.25 ft wide Stop
For the oil tank shown in Fig. 4.35, compute the magnitude and location of the total force on the vertical back wall. The tank is 1.2 m long. 0.6 m Oil (sg - 0.90) Window dimen sions 0.6 m in mm 0.3 m 40° -1.2 m +300 +300 -300
For the oil tank shown in Fig. 4.35, compute the magnitude and location of the total force on each vertical end wall. The tank is 1.2 m long. 0.6 m Oil (sg - 0.90) Window dimen sions 0.6 m in mm 0.3 m 40° -1.2 m +300 +300 -300
For the orange-drink tank shown in Fig. 4.32, compute the magnitude and location of the total force on the vertical back wall. The tank is 3.0 m long. 30° Orange drink (sg - 1.10) 3.0 m 4.6 m 2.4-m diameter 1.2 m Circular view port
For the orange-drink tank shown in Fig. 4.32, compute the magnitude and location of the total force on each vertical end wall. The tank is 3.0 m long. 30° Orange drink (sg - 1.10) 3.0 m 4.6 m 2.4-m diameter 1.2 m Circular view port
For the water tank shown in Fig. 4.43, compute the magnitude and location of the total force on the inclined wall. 8 ft Water 60° 15 ft 10 ft
For the water tank shown in Fig. 4.43, compute the magnitude and location of the total force on each vertical end wall. 8 ft Water 60° 15 ft 10 ft
For the water tank shown in Fig. 4.43, compute the magnitude and location of the total force on the vertical back wall. 8 ft Water 60° 15 ft 10 ft
If the tank in Fig. 4.42 is only half full of gasoline (sg = 0.67), calculate the magnitude and location of the resultant force on the flat end. 375 mm 300 mm- Gasoline 600 mm
If the tank in Fig. 4.42 is filled just to the bottom of the filler pipe with gasoline (sg = 0.67), calculate the magnitude and location of the resultant force on the flat end. 375 mm 300 mm- Gasoline 600 mm
Figure 4.42 shows a gasoline tank filled into the filler pipe. The gasoline has a specific gravity of 0.67. Calculate the total force on each flat end of the tank and determine the location of the center of pressure. 375 mm 300 mm- Gasoline 600 mm
Refer to Fig. 4.41. 6 in 18 in 30 in Triangular window Water 50° 20 in
Refer to Fig. 4.40. 8,0 in Semicircular hatch 10 in 26 in 20-in radius Ethylene glycol sg = 1.10 10 in Tank is symmetrical 30°
Refer to Fig. 4.39. 0.80 m 05 m Semicircular hatch 1.50-m diameter Turpentine 70° sg - 0.88
Refer to Fig. 4.38. Com syrup sg = 1.43 Window 20 in 40 in 50 in 30 in Tank is symmetrical 8 in
Refer to Fig. 4.37. 0.76 m 0.60 m 1,00 m Gate Oil (sg = 0.80) 20°
Refer to Fig. 4.36. Swimming pool 3 ft Water 5 ft Glass window 45° 2 ft diameter
Refer to Fig. 4.35. 0.6 m Oil (sg - 0.90) +300 Window 0,6 m dimen sions in mm 0.3 m 40° -1.2 m + 300+300
Refer to Fig. 4.34. 6-in diameter 3 ft 2 ft 1 ft View port Oil (sg -0.90) 30°
Refer to Fig. 4.33. Water 8 ft Access hatch for cleaning 30 in 3 ft 45° 18 in 18 in 18 in
Refer to Fig. 4.32. 30° Orange (sg - 1.10) drink 3.0 m 4.6 m 2.4-m diameter 1.2 m Circular view port
Refer to Fig. 4.31. 450-mm diameter 0.45 m 1.5 m Circular view port is centered in inclined side of Oil tank. (sg = 0.85) 0.30 m 300
Refer to Fig. 4.30. 3.5 ft 12 in- Reservoir for a hydraulic system. Compute force on side AB. 14 in Oil (sg = 0.93) 8 in
If the wall in Fig. 4.29 is 4 m long, calculate the total force on the wall due to the oil pressure. Also determine the location of the center of pressure and show the resultant force on the wall. Oil 14 m (sg =0.86) 450
The wall shown in Fig. 4.28 is 20 ft long. (a) Calculate the total force on the wall due to water pressure and locate the center of pressure; (b) Calculate the moment due to this force at the base of the wall. Water 12 ft
A vat has a sloped side, as shown in Fig. 4.27. Compute the resultant force on this side if the vat contains 15.5 ft of glycerin. Also compute the location of the center of pressure and show it on a sketch with the resultant force. Fluid depth 60° Glycerin -11.6 ft - +9.7 ft → Side view Front
A rectangular gate is installed in a vertical wall of a reservoir, as shown in Fig. 4.26. Compute the magnitude of the resultant force on the gate and the location of the center of pressure. Also compute the force on each of the two latches shown. Latch Gate 4.0 ft Latches Water 3.6 ft 8.0 ft Hinge
An observation port in a small submarine is located in a horizontal surface of the sub. The shape of the port is shown in Fig. 4.25. Compute the total force acting on the port when the pressure inside the sub is 100 kPa(abs) and the sub is operating at a depth of 175 m in seawater. 0,60 m 0.30 m
If the length of the tank in Fig. 4.24 is 1.2 m, calculate the total force on the bottom of the tank. 3 m Tank is Air 200 kPa (gage) 1.2 m long Oil 1.5 m (sg =0.80) Water 2.6 m 2.0 m
Calculate the total force on the bottom of the closed tank shown in Fig. 4.23 if the air pressure is 52 kPa(gage). Air 0,50 m Oil (sg -0.85) 0.75 m Water 18 m 1.2 m
A simple shower for remote locations is designed with a cylindrical tank 500 mm in diameter and 1.800 m high as shown in Fig. 4.22. The water flows through a flapper valve in the bottom through a 75-mm-diameter opening. The flapper must be pushed upward to open the valve. How much force is required
The bottom of a laboratory vat has a hole in it to allow the liquid mercury to pour out. The hole is sealed by a rubber stopper pushed in the hole and held by friction. What force tends to push the 0.75-in-diameter stopper out of the hole if the depth of the mercury is 28.0 in?
A tank containing liquid ammonia at 77°F has a flat horizontal bottom. A rectangular door, 24 in by 18 in, is installed in the bottom to provide access for cleaning. Compute the force on the door if the depth of ammonia is 12.3 ft.
The egress hatch of a manned spacecraft is designed so that the internal pressure in the cabin applies a force to help maintain the seal. If the internal pressure is 34.4 kPa(abs) and the external pressure is a perfect vacuum, calculate the force on a square hatch 800 mm on a side.
A gas-powered cannon shoots projectiles by introducing nitrogen gas at 20.5 MPa into a cylinder having an inside diameter of 50 mm. Compute the force exerted on the projectile.
A pressure relief valve is designed so that the gas pressure in the tank acts on a piston with a diameter of 30 mm. How much spring force must be applied to the outside of the piston to hold the valve closed under a pressure of 3.50 MPa?
A piece of 14-in Schedule 40 pipe is used as a pressure vessel by capping its ends. Compute the force on the caps if the pressure in the pipe is raised to 325 psig. See Appendix F for the dimensions of the pipe.
An exhaust system for a room creates a partial vacuum in the room of 1.20 in of water relative to the atmospheric pressure outside the room. Compute the net force exerted on a 36- by 80-in door to this room.
The flat left end of the tank shown in Fig. 4.21 is secured with a bolted flange. If the inside diameter of the tank is 30 in and the internal pressure is raised to +14.4 psig, calculate the total force that must be resisted by the bolts in the flange. Bolts Window 12 in
Figure 4.21 shows a vacuum tank with a flat circular observation window in one end. If the pressure in the tank is 0.12 psia when the barometer reads 30.5 in of mercury, calculate the total force on the window. Bolts Window 12 in
If air has a constant specific weight of 0.075 lb/ft3, what pressure difference would result when driving from the base to the top of Pike’s Peak, if the climb for the trip is 8400 ft?
What is the pressure, in psig, at the bottom of a swimming pool that is 10 ft deep?
A meteorologist reports a “high pressure system” with barometric pressure of 790 mm of mercury and then later in the year a “low pressure system” with a pressure of 738 mm of mercury. What is the total difference in atmospheric pressure, in kPa?
An inclined manometer similar to the one shown in Figure 3.14 is used for sensitive pressure measurement. It is inclined at an angle of 25 degrees above the horizontal and uses red gage fluid with a specific gravity of 0.826. How far apart should the marks along the inclined tube be to indicate a
A scuba diver will descend “one and a half atmospheres” into a fresh water lake. Calculate the depth of the dive. Note that “an atmosphere” is a measure sometimes used by divers to indicate a depth in water that results in a pressure increase equivalent to one standard atmospheric pressure.
An environmental instrumentation package is to be designed to be lowered into the Mariana Trench to a depth of 11 km into the Pacific Ocean. If the case is to be watertight at that depth in sea water, what pressure must it be designed to withstand?
A concrete form used to pour a basement wall is to hold wet concrete mix (sg = 2.6) during construction. The wall is to be 3 m high, 10 m long, and 150 mm thick. What pressure does the wet concrete exert at the bottom of the form?
In the “eye” of a hurricane, pressure can sometimes drop from normal atmospheric pressure all the way down to 11 psia. What would be the height reading, in inches, of a mercury barometer there?
A passive solar water heater is to be installed on the roof of a multi-story building. The heater tank is open to atmospheric pressure and is mounted 16 m above ground level. In the static (non-flowing) state, what gage pressure, in kPa, must the plumbing line be designed to withstand if it is
The pressure of a pressure blower is rated at a pressure differential of 115 inWC. Express this pressure in psi and Pa.
The performance of a fan is rated at a pressure differential of 12.4 inWC. Express this pressure in psi and Pa.
The pressure in a vacuum chamber is -12.6 psig. Express this pressure in inHg.
The pressure in a vacuum chamber is -68.2 kPa. Express this pressure in mmHg.
The pressure in a compressed natural gas line is measured to be 21.6 mmHg. Express this pressure in Pa and psi.
The pressure in an air conditioning duct is measured to be 3.24 mmHg. Express this pressure in Pa and psi.
The pressure in a ventilation duct at the inlet to a fan is measured to be -3.68 in H2O. Express this pressure in psi and Pa.
The pressure in a heating duct is measured to be 5.37 in H2O. Express this pressure in psi and Pa.
A barometer reads 745 mm of mercury. Calculate the barometric pressure reading in kPa(abs).
What would be the reading of a barometer in inches of mercury corresponding to an atmospheric pressure of 14.2 psia?
A barometer indicates the atmospheric pressure to be 30.65 in of mercury. Calculate the atmospheric pressure in psia.
The barometric pressure is reported to be 28.6 in of mercury. Calculate the atmospheric pressure in psia.
Denver, Colorado, is called the “Mile-High City” because it is located at an elevation of approximately 5200 ft. Assuming that the sea-level pressure is 101.3 kPa(abs), what would be the approximate atmospheric pressure in Denver?
By how much would the barometric pressure reading decrease from its sea-level value at an elevation of 1250 ft?
Why must a barometric pressure reading be corrected for temperature?
What is the barometric pressure reading in millimeters of mercury corresponding to 101.325 kPa(abs)?
What is the barometric pressure reading in inches of mercury corresponding to 14.696 psia?
If water were to be used instead of mercury in a barometer, how high would the water column be?
Why is mercury a convenient fluid to use in a barometer?
Describe the construction of a barometer.
What is the function of a barometer?
a. Determine the gage pressure at point A in Fig. 3.36.b. If the barometric pressure is 737 mm of mercury, express the pressure at point A in kPa(abs). Water 215 mm Mercury (sg = 13.54) 600 mm
Figure 3.35 shows an inclined well-type manometer in which the distance L indicates the movement of the gage fluid level as the pressure pA is applied above the well. The gage fluid has a specific gravity of 0.87 and L = 115 mm. Neglecting the drop in fluid level in the well, calculate pA. PA 15°
For the well-type manometer in Fig. 3.34, calculate pA. 6,8 in PA Water
Figure 3.33 shows a manometer being used to indicate the difference in pressure between two points in a pipe. Calculate (pA- pB). Oil (sg = 0.90) 3 ft 2'ft 6 ft Water
For the compound differential manometer in Fig. 3.32, calculate (pA- pB). Water, Oil (sg = 0.90) 6 in 8 in 6 in 10 in 6 in Mercury (sg = 13.54)
For the compound manometer shown in Fig. 3.31, calculate the pressure at point A. Oil (sg = 0.90) Water 125 mm 475 mm 250 mm 50 mm Mercury (sg = 13.54)
For the manometer shown in Fig. 3.30, calculate (pA- pB). Water IB 150 mm - Mercury (sg = 13.54) 900 mm Oil (sg = 0.86) 600 mm
For the manometer shown in Fig. 3.29, calculate (pA- pB). Oil l 150 mm (sg = 0.90) Water 750 mm Mercury (sg = 13.54) 500 mm
For the manometer shown in Fig. 3.28, calculate (pA- pB). Oil (sg = 0.85) 8 in Water 33 in 12 in
For the differential manometer shown in Fig. 3.27, calculate the pressure difference between points A and B. The specific gravity of the oil is 0.85. 10 in 32 in Oil Water 9 in el
Water is in the pipe shown in Fig. 3.26. Calculate the pressure at point A in kPa(gage). Pipe 100 mm - Water 75 mm Mercury (sg = 13.54)
Determine the pressure at the bottom of the tank in Fig. 3.25. 1.2 m --- --- -- -- Air 200 kPa (gage) Oil 15m/ (sg = 0.80) 2.6 m Water 2 m
Figure 3.24 shows a closed container holding water and oil. Air at 34 kPa below atmospheric pressure is above the oil. Calculate the pressure at the bottom of the container in kPa(gage). 0,25 m Air Oil 0.50 m (sg = 0.85) 0.75 m Water -1.8 m 1.2 m
Figure 3.23 shows a closed tank that contains gasoline floating on water. Calculate the air pressure above the gasoline. Air Gasoline 0.50 m (sg = 0.68) Water 1.00 m 457 mm 381 mm Mercury (sg = 13.54)
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