Organizational Behavior Today 1st Edition Stanley C. Ross - Solutions

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Organizations work most effectively when their members voluntarily engage in organizational citizenship behaviors. You have likely witnessed some kind of organizational citizenship behavior. You may have seen this behavior performed by a coworker or supervisor where you work. You may have seen this
How would your work values affect your reactions to each of these events at work?a. Getting promotedb. Being reassigned to a position with more responsibility but receiving no increase in payc. Having to work late at night and travel one week a month on a job you find quite interestingd. Having a
Describe your mood over the past week or two. Why have you felt this way? How has your mood affected your behavior?
What facets of a job are particularly important determinants of your level of job satisfaction? What standards do you (or would you) use to evaluate your job on these dimensions?
Toward what kind of organization are you most likely to have affective commitment? Toward what kind of organization are you most likely to have continuance commitment?
How might your affective commitment to an organization affect your behavior?
What forms of organizational citizenship behavior are you especially likely to perform, and why? What forms of organizational citizenship behavior are you least likely to perform, and why?
Your objective is to gain firsthand experience in some of the issues involved in managing diversity. The class is divided into groups of three to five people, and each group appoints one member as spokesperson to present the group’s recommendations to the whole class. Each group plays the role of
In 2010, Sodexo was ranked first on DiversityInc’s “Top 50 Companies for Diversity” list. Over 440 companies were considered by DiversityInc for potential inclusion in the list. Sodexo is a major facilities and food management company that serves millions of customers each day in businesses,
Think about the last meeting or gathering you attended. It could be a meeting that took place at the organization you are currently working for, a meeting of a club or student organization you are a member of, a meeting of a group you have been assigned to for a project in one of your classes, or
Given perceptual problems and biases, such as stereotyping and the similar-to-me effect, proponents of affirmative action argue that organizations need to take proactive steps to ensure that minorities and women are given the opportunities they deserve. Opponents, on the other hand, argue that
Form groups of three or four people and appoint one member as the spokesperson who will communicate your conclusions to the rest of the class.1. Take a few minutes to think about situations in which you were salient (i.e., you stood out in a group of people).2. Take turns describing these
Perception and attribution have major effects on the decisions made in organizations and on how members of an organization respond to each other’s behavior. Now that you have a good understanding of perception and attribution, debate the following issue.Team A. There is not much managers can do
Your objective is to gain experience in applying learning principles and theories and understanding the challenges involved in managing the learning process. The class divides into groups of three to five people, and each group appoints one member as spokesperson to present the group’s findings
In today’s global economy, more and more kinds of jobs are being outsourced to countries with lower labor costs.95 Outsourcing has moved beyond the manufacture of products to skilled, technical, knowledge-based work with countries like China, India, Russia, the Czech Republic, and Hungary
Think about the last time you finally succeeded at something that had been giving you trouble. It could be a particularly troublesome class that you managed to pull through with a decent grade or a difficult project at work that you finally were able to finish satisfactorily.1. Describe the
Positive reinforcement can be used to promote the learning of desired behaviors in organizations. Commission pay plans, for example, reinforce salespeople for selling by paying them a percentage of their actual sales. However, sometimes these plans can be taken to extremes and may result in
Creativity is the generation of new and useful ideas. Now that you have a good understanding of creativity, debate the following issue.Team A. Creativity is only important in certain kinds of jobs and organizations.Team B. Creativity is important in most jobs and organizations.
Think about the last time you felt really motivated to do well at some activity: in one of your classes, at work, or in some kind of hobby or leisure activity (such as playing golf, running, or singing).1. Describe the activity and indicate how you felt while engaged in it.2. Was your motivation
Employees often differ in their needs for time off from work. Employees with small children, single parents, employees with health problems, and employees who are the primary caregivers for an elderly or infirm relative may need more time off, for example, than employees who are single with no
Form groups of three or four people, and appoint one member as the spokesperson who will communicate your conclusions to the rest of the class:1. Take a few minutes to think about a time in your life when you felt that you were really treated unfairly and it was because of the procedures that were
Motivation explains why members of an organization behave as they do and either help or hinder the organization from achieving its goals. Now that you have a good understanding of motivation, debate the following issue:Team A. Equity and justice cannot be achieved in the workplace.Team B. Equity
Your objective is to gain experience in confronting the challenges of (1) maintaining high levels of motivation when resources are shrinking and (2) developing an effective motivation program. The class divides into groups of three to five people, and each group appoints one member as spokesperson
With more than 11,000 employees, the SAS Institute is the largest privately owned software company in the world with approximately $2.3 billion in revenues.100 Revenues have increased as SAS every year since it was founded in 1976. SAS’s customers can be found in 110 different countries and, in
Pick two people you know pretty well who are working (such as friends or relatives). Try to pick one person who is primarily extrinsically motivated by his or her job and another person who is primarily intrinsically motivated (or both intrinsically and extrinsically motivated). Informally meet
Some employees are given specific, difficult goals and their very livelihood depends on how well they perform. For example, salespeople who are paid strictly on a commission basis have all their earnings hinging on the extent to which they are successful in selling to customers. This can sometimes
Form groups of three or four people, and appoint one member as the spokesperson who will communicate your conclusions to the rest of the class.1. Take a few minutes to think about a situation in which your opinion differed from the general consensus of the group you were with.2. Write down a brief
Job design and goal setting are two major motivational tools that managers can use to increase motivation and performance. Now that you have a good understanding of job design and goal setting, form two teams and debate the following issue.Team A. Managers should try to avoid designing jobs
Your objective is to gain experience in redesigning a job to increase employee autonomy. Assume the role of a manager in charge of a group of artists that draws pictures for greeting cards. You currently assign the artists their individual tasks. Each artist is given a particular kind of card to
Google is the most popular search engine on the Internet today and earns revenues for one-third of all online advertising in the United States. Its popularity is due, in no small part, to Google, Inc.’s steadfast objective to provide the best search results possible to its users and “organize
Think about the kind of career you would like to have and are trying to pursue.1. Describe your desired career. Why do you want to have this career?2. Describe three specific jobs you think would be excellent for your desired career.3. Which career stage is each of these jobs relevant to?4. What
Given that employees depend on their pay for many things, including taking care of themselves and their loved ones, some would argue that basing pay on team or organizational performance might be questionable on ethical grounds because the performance of other team or organizational members is not
Form groups of three or four people, and appoint one member as the spokesperson who will communicate your conclusions to the rest of the class.1. Take a few minutes to think about situations in which you believe your performance was judged in an unfair manner. These situations could be related to
The exchange relationship employees have with their organizations is embodied in their psychological contracts. Performance appraisal, pay, and careers are important aspects of the exchange relationship between an employee and an organization and also have important implications for motivation. Now
Think about the last significant stressful experience you had on the job or at school. For the experience you have chosen, do the following:1. Describe the experience and the surrounding circumstances.2. Explain whether the experience was stressful because it entailed an opportunity or a threat.
As many organizations continue to lay off employees, CEOs and top managers are taking home record salaries. In the United States, the differences between what employees at the very top of an organization make and those at the very bottom tend to be much greater than they are in other countries.
Form groups of three or four people, and appoint one member as the spokesperson who will communicate your conclusions to the rest of the class.1. Take a few minutes to think about the emotion-focused ways of coping that you rely on to cope with stressful feelings and emotions.2. Take turns
Stress can have major impacts on people and their organizations. Now that you understand how stress affects individual employees as well as organizations, debate the following issue:Team A. The primary responsibility for managing work-related stress lies with the employing organization.Team B. The
Your objective is to gain experience in developing effective strategies for helping members of an organization to cope with stress. Assume the role of a supervisor of a group of 12 financial analysts for a petroleum company. Your subordinates tend to be in their late twenties and early thirties.
In many organizations, some groups of employees typically have higher status than others. And sometimes the groups with the lower status feel they are not appreciated and are “second-class citizens.” For example, in hospitals, physicians generally have higher status than nurses; in
Form groups of three or four people, and appoint one member as the spokesperson who will communicate your conclusions to the rest of the class.1. Take a few minutes to think about groups you were a member of in which there was a high level of conformity to group norms.2. Think about how someone who
Groups are the basic building blocks of organizations. Now that you have a good understanding of the nature and types of groups and how groups control and socialize their members, debate the following issue.Team A. In most organizations, an institutionalized role orientation is more desirable than
Your objective is to gain experience in developing roles, rules, and norms that contribute to group effectiveness. Procedure The class is divided into groups of three to five people, and each group appoints one member as spokesperson, to present the group’s findings to the whole class. Here is
Think of a group you are currently a member of—a work group, a club, or any other group you belong to and actively participate in. Briefly describe the group. Then answer each of these questions:1. What process losses are experienced in this group? Why?2. What process gains are experienced in
As the chapter notes, sometimes when groups or teams become too large the problem of social loafing arises as some employees withhold their own efforts and let other members of the team bear the work burden. If this happens, the members of a group are likely to come into conflict because they do
After reading the following scenario, break up into groups of three or four people and discuss the issues involved. Be prepared to share your thinking with the rest of the class. You are the managers who are in charge of the operations of a large building-products supply company. In the past, you
Organizational effectiveness hinges on the effectiveness of the groups that make up an organization. Now that you have a good understanding of what makes for effective work groups, debate the following issue.Team A. Process losses in work groups are more common than process gains.Team B. Process
Your objective is to gain experience in developing a strategy to reduce social loafing in an ongoing group. Assume the role of a manager of a home improvements/building supply store that sells a wide range of products—including lumber, plumbing fixtures, windows, and paint—to both commercial
Leaders can have powerful effects on their subordinates and their organizations as a whole. Now that you have a good understanding of leadership, debate the following issue:Team A. Managers can be trained to be effective leaders.Team B. Managers either have what it takes to be an effective leader
Your objective is to gain experience in effectively leading a group of employees who have varying levels of ability and motivation. Assume the role of Maria Cuellar, who has just been promoted to the position of supervisor of a group of four employees who create wallpaper designs. The group’s
Choose a public figure you are familiar with (you know the individual, you have read about the person in magazines and newspapers, or you have seen him or her on TV) who is in a leadership position. Pick someone other people in your class are likely to know. The person could be a leader in politics
Influence and persuasion are a central part of a leader’s job; leaders routinely attempt to influence employees to work hard and perform at a high level. Leadership can have a dark side if managers influence employees to behave in unethical ways, however. Think about the ethical issues involved
Form groups of three to five people, discuss the following scenario, and discuss the questions; be prepared to share your discussions with your class: You are the founding entrepreneurs of HighandTall Company, a fast-growing digital software company that specializes in home consumer electronics.
Think of the last time you came into conflict with another person or group, such as a manager you worked for or even a friend or family member. Then answer these questions:1. Was this the first time you came into conflict with this party, or was the conflict one in a series of conflicts?2. What was
Managers routinely use organizational politics and negotiation to try to convince other managers to agree with their goals and follow the course of action they are championing. They may also seek ways to increase their personal power in an organization to further their own interests.Think about the
Form groups of three or four people and appoint one member as the spokesperson who will communicate your conclusions to the rest of the class.Think of an organization you are all familiar with such as a local restaurant or supermarket store and discuss the way it operates. Using the material in the
Organizational politics and conflict are part of the fabric of behavior in organizations. Now that you understand how these processes work in organizations, debate the following issue.Team A. The use of power by self-interested managers and groups has the potential to do an organization more good
Your objective is to gain an appreciation of the conflict process and to understand the difficulties involved in managing conflict successfully. The class divides into groups of from three to five people, and each group appoints one member as spokesperson to report on the group’s findings to the
Think of two important decisions you have recently made—m one you made individually and one you made as a member of a group. Describe each decision. For each decision, answer these questions:1. Was the process by which you made the decision more accurately described by the classical model or by
As we discussed, the question of whether a decision is ethical or not is an important aspect of the decision-making process. In group decision making, sometimes the diffusion of responsibility can lead a group to make an extreme and unethical decision because the responsibility for it is spread
Decision making is one of the most important processes in all organizations. Now that you have a good understanding of decision making, debate the following issue.Team A. Individuals generally make better decisions than groups.Team B. Groups generally make better decisions than individuals.
Your objective is to gain experience in using the nominal group technique. The class is divided into groups of three to five people, and each group appoints one member as spokesperson to report the group’s experiences to the whole class. Here is the scenario.Assume the role of a self-managed work
Different kinds of organizational structures lead people to behave in different ways. Now that you understand the kinds of choices that organizations face when they create their organizational structures, debate the following issues.Team A. Today, the hierarchy of authority is more important than
You will analyze the structure of a real organization such as a department store, restaurant, hospital, fire station, or police department. In the next chapter, you will identify the contingencies that have influenced the development of the organization’s culture. Your objective is to gain
Think of an organization you are familiar with—a university, restaurant, church, department store, or an organization you have worked for—and answer these questions:1. What form of structure does the organization use to group people and resources? Draw a diagram showing the major functions. Why
You are the manager(s) charged with reducing high operating costs. You have been instructed by the CEO to eliminate 25 percent of the company’s work force, both managers and employees. You also must manage the layoff process and then find a new way to allocate authority in the company to increase
Imagine that you are the manager of a design group that is soon to be reengineered into a cross-functional team composed of people from several different functions that have had little contact with each other.1. Discuss the resistance to change at the organizational and individual levels you will
Some people find change a very difficult thing for reasons described in the chapter. Managers often find it difficult also to change an organization’s culture because they cannot get people to develop new kinds of work attitudes or to adopt new kinds of values and norms—such as those involved
Form groups of three to five people and discuss the following scenario:You are a group of software engineers meeting to discuss how to implement a kaizen program to reduce the number of mistakes made in the developing and writing of computer code.Presently, your employees are each responsible for a
Your objective is to understand the complex problems surrounding organizational change. The class is divided into groups of three to five people. Each member of the group assumes the role of supervisor of a group of manufacturing employees who assemble mainframe computers. Here is the scenario. The
United Technologies Corporation (UTC), based in Hartford, Connecticut, owns a wide variety of companies that operate in different businesses and industries. Some of the companies in UTC’s portfolio are more well-known than UTC itself, such as Sikorsky Aircraft Corporation; Pratt & Whitney, the
What does the term "Management of Technology" refer to?
Why would you prefer a demand-pull strategy? Explain.
What are the advantages of a supplypush strategy? What are the disadvantages? Explain.
What is the purpose of the innovation management system and the people- technology interface?
How is technology important to the knowledge management system?
How is technology important to the performance management system?
Creative destruction. How is this an economic concept? Explain.
How does technology impact the workforce?
Explain the positive benefits of technology's impact on the workforce.
Identify the important duties HR performs in the management of technology? Are these any different from a non- technology company? Explain.
Identify and describe the skills needed to develop a team.
What are the requirements for managing a team successfully?
Identify and briefly describe the problems associated with creating and managing a team.
Identify and briefly describe the strategies to use in resolving team development and team management problems.
What are the methods used for guiding team performance?
Identify and describe the circumstances for determining the need for creating a team.
Identify and discuss the important issues associated with successfully managing team meetings?
Identify and describe the process for teaching teamwork skills.
What is meant by the term “c ollective climate of a team”?
Why is the role of team leadership important?Explain.
Identify and briefly describe Tuckman’s four stages of team development.
Define and explain the terms decisions, decision-making and the decisionmaking process. Why should decisionmakers use decision-making techniques?
What are the different types of decisions?Explain.
Identify and briefly describe any five of the different types of decision-m aking models.
Identify and briefly describe any five of the different types of decision-m aking techniques.
What are the stages of a structured decision-making process?
Describe the process typical in creating a decision-making process.
Describe and explain the relationship between centralization, de-centralization and decision-making.
What are the reasons making a decision does not guarantee a successful decision?

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Organizational Behavior Today 1st Edition Stanley C. Ross - Solutions

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