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organizational behavior
Organizational Behavior 11th Edition Dr. Richard N. Osborn, Mary Uhl-Bien, Dr. James G. Hunt, John R. Schermerhorn - Solutions
Members of a team tend to become more motivated and better able to deal with conflict during the ____________ stage of team development. (a) forming(b) norming (c) performing (d) adjourning
The Ringlemann effect describes ____________. (a) the tendency of groups to make risky decisions (b) social loafing (c) social facilitation (d) the satisfaction of members’ social needs
Members of a multinational task force in a large international business should probably be aware that ____________ might initially slow the progress of the team in meeting its task objectives. (a) synergy (b) groupthink (c) the diversity-consensus dilemma (d) intergroup dynamics
When a team member engages in social loafing, one of the recommended strategies for dealing with this situation is to ____________. (a) forget about it(b) ask another member to force this person to work harder (c) give the person extra rewards and hope he or she will feel guilty (d) better define
When a person holds a prestigious position as a vice president in a top management team, but is considered just another member of an employee involvement team that a lower-level supervisor heads, the person might experience ____________. (a) role underload (b) role overload (c) status incongruence
The team effectiveness equation states: team effectiveness ____________ (process gains process losses). (a) nature of setting (b) nature of task (c) quality of inputs(d) available rewards.
In what ways are teams good for organizations?
What types of formal teams are found in organizations today?
What is the difference between required and emergent behaviors in group dynamics?
One of your Facebook friends has posted this note. “Help! I have just been assigned to head a new product design team at my company. The division manager has high expectations for the team and me, but I have been a technical design engineer for four years since graduating from college. I have
How can we create high-performance teams?
How can team processes be improved?
How can team communications be improved?
How can team decisions be improved?
One of the essential criteria of a true team is ____________. (a) large size(b) homogeneous membership (c) isolation from outsiders (d) collective accountability
The team-building process can best be described as participative, data-based, and ____________. (a) action-oriented (b) leader-centered (c) ineffective (d) short-term
A person facing an ethical dilemma involving differences between personal values and the expectations of the team is experiencing ____________ conflict. (a) personrole (b) intrasender role (c) intersender role (d) interrole
Highly cohesive teams tend to be ____________. (a) bad for organizations (b) good for members (c) good for social loafing (d) bad for norm conformity
To increase team cohesiveness, one would ____________. (a) make the group bigger(b) increase membership diversity (c) isolate the group from others (d) relax performance pressures
A team member who does a good job at summarizing discussion, offering new ideas, and clarifying points made by others is providing leadership by contributing ____________ activities to the group process. (a) required (b) disruptive (c) task(d) maintenance
When someone is being aggressive, makes inappropriate jokes, or talks about irrelevant matters in a group meeting, these are all examples of ____________. (a) dysfunctional behaviors (b) maintenance activities (c) task activities (d) role dynamics
If you heard from an employee of a local bank that “it’s a tradition here for us to stand up and defend the bank when someone criticizes it,” you could assume that the bank employees had strong ____________ norms. (a) support and helpfulness (b) organizational and personal pride (c) ethical
What can be predicted when you know that a work team is highly cohesive?(a) high-performance results (b) high member satisfaction (c) positive performance norms (d) status congruity
When two groups are in competition with one another, ____________ may be expected within each group. (a) more in-group loyalty (b) less reliance on the leader (c) poor task focus (d) more conflict
A complex problem is best dealt with by a team using a(n) ____________ communication network. (a) all-channel (b) wheel (c) chain (d) linear
The tendency of teams to lose their critical evaluative capabilities during decision making is a phenomenon called ____________. (a) groupthink (b) the slippage effect(c) decision congruence (d) group consensus
When a team decision requires a high degree of commitment for its implementation, a(n) ____________ decision is generally preferred. (a) authority (b) majority-vote(c) consensus (d) railroading
Describe the steps in a typical team-building process.
How can a team leader build positive group norms?
How can inter-team competition be bad and good for organizations?
Alejandro Puron recently encountered a dilemma in working with his employer’s diversity task force. One of the team members claimed that a task force must always be unanimous in its recommendations. “Otherwise,” she said, “we will not have a true consensus.” Alejandro, the current task
What is involved in the decision-making process?
What are the alternative decision-making models?
What decision-making traps and issues are common?
What can be done to stimulate creativity in decision making?
After a preferred course of action has been implemented, the next step in the decision-making process is to ____________. (a) recycle the process (b) look for additional problems or opportunities (c) evaluate results (d) document the reasons for the decision
In which environment does the decision maker deal with probabilities regarding possible courses of action and their consequences? (a) certain (b) risk (c) organized anarchy (d) uncertain
If a team approaches problems in a rational and analytical way, with members trying to solve them in step-by-step fashion, it is well described as a team using ____________. (a) systematic thinking (b) intuitive thinking (c) escalating thinking(d) associative thinking
An individual or team that must deal with limited information and substantial risk is most likely to make decisions based on ____________. (a) optimizing (b) classical decision theory (c) behavioral decision theory (d) escalation
A team leader who makes a decision not to launch a new product because the last new product launch failed is falling prey to the ____________ heuristic.(a) anchoring (b) availability (c) adjustment (d) representativeness
In Vroom’s decision-making model, the choice among individual and team decision approaches is based on criteria that include quality requirements, availability of information, and ____________. (a) need for implementation commitments (b) size of the organization (c) number of people involved (d)
The ____________ decision model views individuals as making optimizing decisions, whereas the ____________ decision model views them as making satisficing decisions. (a) behavioral/judgmental heuristics (b) classical/behavioral (c) judgmental heuristics/ethical (d) crisis/routine
A common mistake by managers facing crisis situations is ____________. (a) trying to get too much information before responding (b) relying too much on team decision making (c) isolating themselves to make the decision alone (d) forgetting to use their crisis management plan
Which model views the main components of the choice process—problems, solutions, participants, and choice situations—as all mixed up together in a dynamic and shifting field of organizational forces? (a) the garbage can model (b) the behavioral model (c) the turbulence model (d) the classical
The ____________ bases a decision on similarities between the situation at hand and stereotypes of similar occurrences. (a) representativeness heuristic (b) anchoring and adjustment heuristic (c) confirmation trap (d) hindsight trap
The ____________ bases a decision on incremental adjustments to an initial value determined by historical precedent or some reference point. (a) representativeness heuristic (b) anchoring and adjustment heuristic (c) confirmation trap (d) hindsight trap
The ____________ is the tendency to seek confirmation for what is already thought to be true and not to search for disconfirming information. (a) representativeness heuristic (b) anchoring and adjustment heuristic (c) confirmation trap (d) hindsight trap
Team creativity drivers include creative members, decision techniques, and ____________. (a) task motivation (b) task expertise (c) long-term goals (d) external support
What are the main differences among individual, consultative, and team decisions?
What is escalating commitment, and why is it important to recognize it in decision making?
What questions might a manager or team leader ask to help determine which problems to deal with and in which priority?
As a participant in a new mentoring program between your university and a local high school, you have volunteered to give a presentation to a class of sophomores on the challenges of achieving creativity in teams. The goal is to motivate them to think creatively as individuals and to help make sure
What is the nature of conflict in organizations?
How can conflict be managed?
What is the nature of negotiation in organizations?
What are the different strategies for negotiation?
A/an ____________ conflict occurs in the form of a fundamental disagreement over ends or goals and the means for accomplishment. (a) relationship (b) emotional(c) substantive (d) procedural
The indirect conflict management approach that uses chain of command for conflict resolution is known as ____________. (a) hierarchical referral (b) avoidance(c) smoothing (d) appeal to common goals
Conflict that ends up being “functional” for the people and organization involved would most likely be ____________. (a) of high intensity (b) of moderate intensity(c) of low intensity (d) nonexistent
One of the problems with the suppression of conflicts is that it ____________.(a) creates winners and losers (b) is often a temporary solution that sets the stage for future conflict (c) works only with emotional conflicts (d) works only with substantive conflicts
When a manager asks people in conflict to remember the mission and purpose of the organization and to try to reconcile their differences in that context, she is using a conflict management approach known as ____________. (a) reduced interdependence (b) buffering (c) resource expansion (d) appeal to
The best time to use accommodation in conflict management is ____________.(a) when quick and decisive action is vital (b) when you want to build “credit” for use in later disagreements (c) when people need to cool down and gain perspective(d) when temporary settlement of complex issues is needed
Which is an indirect approach to managing conflict? (a) buffering (b) win-lose(c) workflow interdependency (d) power asymmetry
A lose-lose conflict is likely when the conflict management approach focuses on ____________. (a) linking pin roles (b) altering scripts (c) accommodation(d) problem-solving
Which approach to conflict management can be best described as both highly cooperative and highly assertive? (a) competition (b) compromise (c) accommodation(d) collaboration
Both ____________ goals should be considered in any negotiation. (a) performance and evaluation (b) task and substance (c) substance and relationship (d) task and performance
The three criteria for effective negotiation are ____________. (a) harmony, efficiency, and quality (b) quality, efficiency, and effectiveness (c) ethical behavior, practicality, and cost-effectiveness (d) quality, practicality, and productivity
Which statement is true? (a) Principled negotiation leads to accommodation.(b) Hard distributive negotiation leads to collaboration. (c) Soft distributive negotiation leads to accommodation or compromise. (d) Hard distributive negotiation leads to win-win conflicts.
Another name for integrative negotiation is ____________. (a) arbitration (b) mediation(c) principled negotiation (d) smoothing
When a person approaches a negotiation with the assumption that in order for him to gain his way, the other party must lose or give up something, which negotiation pitfall is being exhibited? (a) myth of the fixed pie (b) escalating commitment(c) overconfidence (d) hearing problem
In the process of alternative dispute resolution known as ____________, a neutral third party acts as a “judge” to determine how a conflict will be resolved. (a) mediation (b) arbitration (c) conciliation (d) collaboration
Discuss the common pitfalls you would expect to encounter in negotiating your salary for your first job, and explain how you would best try to deal with them.
What is communication?
What are the issues in interpersonal communication?
What is the nature of communication in organizations?
How can we build more collaborative work environments?
In communication, ____________ is anything that interferes with the transference of the message. (a) channel (b) sender (c) receiver (d) noise
When you give criticism to someone, the communication will be most effective when the criticism is ____________. (a) general and nonspecific (b) given when the sender feels the need (c) tied to things the recipient can do something about(d) given all at once to get everything over with
Which communication is the best choice for sending a complex message?(a) face to face (b) written memorandum (c) e-mail (d) telephone call
When someone’s words convey one meaning but body posture conveys something else, a(n) ____________ is occurring. (a) ethnocentric message (b) lack of congruence(c) semantic problem (d) status effect
Personal bias is an example of ____________ in the communication process. (a) an interpersonal barrier (b) a semantic barrier (c) physical distractions (d) proxemics
Which communication method has the most two-way characteristics? (a) e-mail(b) blog (c) voice mail (d) instant messaging
____________ is an example of an informal channel through which information flows in an organization. (a) The grapevine (b) Top-down communication(c) The mum effect (d) Transparency
New electronic communication technologies have the advantage of handling large amounts of information, but they may also make communication among organizational members ____________. (a) less accessible (b) less immediate(c) more informal (d) less private
The study of gestures and body postures for their impact on communication is an issue of ____________. (a) kinesics (b) proxemics (c) semantics (d) informal channels
In ____________ communication the sender is likely to be most comfortable, whereas in ____________ communication the receiver is likely to feel most informed. (a) one-way; two-way (b) top-down; bottom-up (c) bottom-up; top-down(d) two-way; one-way
A manager who spends a lot of time explaining his or her motives and engaging in frank and open dialogue could be described as using ____________. (a) the KISS principle (b) transparency (c) MBO (d) the grapevine
____________ interfere(s) with open communication in most workplaces. (a) Status effects (b) The mum effect (c) Organizational ecology (d) Nonverbal communication
If someone is interested in proxemics as a means of improving communication with others, that person would likely pay a lot of attention to his or her ____________.(a) office layout (b) status (c) active listening skills (d) 360-degree feedback
Among the rules for active listening is ____________. (a) remain silent and communicate only nonverbally (b) confront emotions (c) don’t let feelings become part of the process (d) reflect back what you think you are hearing
The use of supportive communication principles is helpful for ____________.(a) reducing defensiveness and disconfirmation (b) the use of computer technology(c) privacy and electronic performance monitoring (d) improving the correctness of one’s vocabulary
Why is communication between lower and higher levels sometimes filtered?
“People in this organization don’t talk to one another anymore. Everything is e-mail, e-mail, e-mail. If you are mad at someone, you can just say it and then hide behind your computer.” With these words, Wesley expressed his frustrations with Delta General’s operations. Xiaomei echoed his
What are power and influence?
What are the key sources of power and influence?
What is empowerment?
What is organizational politics?
Three bases of position power are ____________. (a) reward, expertise, and coercive power (b) legitimate, experience, and judgment power (c) knowledge, experience, and judgment power (d) reward, coercive, and knowledge power
____________ is the ability to control another’s behavior because, through the individual’s efforts, the person accepts the desirability of an offered goal and a reasonable way of achieving it. (a) Rational persuasion (b) Legitimate power (c) Coercive power (d) Charismatic power
A worker who behaves in a certain manner to ensure an effective boss–subordinate relationship shows ____________ power. (a) expert (b) reward (c) approval (d) referent
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