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organizational behavior
Organizational Behavior 1st Edition OpenStax - Solutions
Discuss how managers can improve intergroup relations and performance. Provide examples from your own experience to defend your arguments.
What determines group cohesiveness, and what impact does it have on group behavior?
What purposes are served by status differentiations in work organizations? What problems emerge from these differentiations?
Why is knowledge of role relationships important for managers?
What is the importance of the ability to effectively manage both the task requirements and the process or maintenance aspects of the group for them to function well?
Define a role episode.
Explain the two drivers of motivation: direction and intensity.
Bridget Anderson thought life would be perfect out in the “real world.” After earning her degree in computer science, she landed a well-paying job as a programmer for a large nonprofit organization whose mission she strongly believed in. And—initially—she was happy with her job. Lately
You are a manager and it’s performance appraisal time, which is a yearly exercise to provide feedback to your direct reports that is often stressful for both the employee and the manager. You feel that the feedback process should be more of an ongoing process than the yearly formal process. What
Many companies strive to design jobs that are intrinsically motivating. Visit several small and large company websites and search their career section. What job features related to motivation are highlighted? What type of employees do you think the companies will attract with these jobs?
Whatever their perspective, most people have a cause that they are passionate about. Bitcoin or net neutrality, sea levels or factory farming—social causes bind us to a larger context or assume a higher purpose for living better. So what motivates employees to give their all, work creatively,
What are the differences between content and process theories of motivation?
You will be paired with another student in this class. Each of you will take one side of the issue and debate:a. Student A: All members of the organization should be given the same specific, difficult-to-achieve goals.b. Student B: Specific, difficult-to-achieve goals should only be given to
How might Maslow explain why organizational rewards that motivate workers today may not motivate the same workers in 5 or 10 years?
You have been told by a worker on another team that one of your direct reports made an inappropriate comment to a coworker. What do you do to investigate the matter, and what actions would you take with your report, the person that the comment was directed to, and other people in the organization?
Will there ever be a grand theory of motivation?
The disgruntled employee is hardly a culturally isolated feature of business, and quitting before leaving takes the same forms, regardless of country. Cross-cultural signaling, social norms, and simple language barriers can make the task of motivation for the global manager confusing and
Describe the process by which needs motivate workers.
Assume the role of sales manager, and write a memo to two of your reports that have the following situations and job performance.a. Employee 1: Shawn is a onetime stellar performer. They were twice the top performing salesperson in the company in the past decade. In the past year, Shawn has missed
You learn that an employee who doesn’t report to you has made an inappropriate comment to one of your direct reports. What do you do to investigate the matter, and what actions would you take with your report, the person that made the comment, their manager, and other people in the organization?
Understand the content theories of motivation.
Describe a work situation in which it would be appropriate to use a continuous reinforcement schedule.
Discuss the importance of Herzberg’s motivators and hygienes.
Understand the contributions that Murray, McClelland, Maslow, Alderfer, and Herzberg made toward an understanding of human motivation.
Understand the process theories of motivation: operant conditioning, equity, goal, and expectancy theories.
Discuss the potential effectiveness and limitations of punishment in organizations.
Describe the managerial factors managers must consider when applying motivational approaches.
How can equity theory explain why a person who receives a high salary might be dissatisfied with their pay?
Understand the modern approaches to motivation theory.
Equity theory specifies a number of possible alternatives for reducing perceived inequity. How could an organization influence which of these alternatives a person will pursue?
What goals would be most likely to improve your learning and performance in an organizational behavior class?
What steps can an organization take to increase the motivational force for high levels of performance?
Identify two reasons why a formal goal-setting program might be dysfunctional for an organization.
Is there “one best” motivation theory? Explain your answer.
How can an employee attach high valence to high levels of performance, yet not be motivated to be a high performer?
What are performance appraisals, and how are they used in organizations?
At Tesla, the automotive giant, the standards are set extremely high for their employees. In 2017, Tesla conducted its annual performance reviews as it does each year. Due to the review process, the company sees both voluntary and involuntary departures. During the review process, the managers
Identify the various functions of performance appraisals. How are appraisals used in most work organizations?
You are the general manager of a floral supplies distributor that provides independent florists with things that they need for their business, such as vases, ribbons, and balloons. You have read that many organizations use incentive pay plans that reward employees when the organization does well.
What would your manager say to you if you came up with the idea of traveling with Justin Timberlake on tour for an entire year? This would not just be a work from home agreement but an actual out of office plan for one full-year sabbatical. That is exactly what happened at HubSpot when Rosalia
How are performance appraisals used as a reward system, and what problems can they cause?
Global workplaces are increasing within the world businesses, and it has become a trend to have managers from one country, most likely the country in which the headquarters arise, manage employees abroad. An important consideration when managing globally is how cultural differences can have a
You are the HR manager at a midsized auto parts manufacturer. What are the pros and cons of establishing a 360-degree performance appraisal system in your organizations? Write a memo to the CEO outlining what you think should be done.
What are the techniques and scales used in performance appraisals?
Define validity and reliability. Why are these two concepts important from a managerial standpoint?
What are MBOs, and how do they relate to performance appraisals?
How can errors in appraisals be reduced?
What are assessment centers?
Critically evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of the various techniques of performance appraisal.
What types of feedback do performance appraisals provide to all organization members?
Discuss the role of feedback in employee performance.
What is the best appraisal system for organizations to adopt?
How are rewards tied to performance appraisals?
Identify the major bases of reward distribution.
What are the differences between individual and group incentives?
How does money influence employee motivation?
What is the variety of reward incentives available to organizations?
Discuss the relative merits of individual and group incentive programs.
Describe the benefits and drawbacks of several of the new approaches to reward systems. Which ones do you feel would be most effective in work organizations?
What are the components that make up a diverse workplace and workforce?
What is the model minority myth? How does it compare to how Blacks and Hispanics are stereotyped?
Have you or has someone you know experienced discrimination? How did that affect you or that person emotionally, physically, or financially?
You are a nurse manager who oversees the triage for the emergency room, and today is a slow day with very few patients. During the downtime, one of your subordinates is talking with another coworker about her new boyfriend. You observe her showing her coworkers explicit images of him that he
What is diversity?
Airbnb, a popular home-sharing website founded in San Francisco in 2008, offers millions of homes for short-term rental in more than 190 countries. This company has revolutionized the sharing economy in the same way that ride-sharing services such as Uber and Lyft have, and according to the
Define the three types of diversity and compare them using examples for each type.
Do you agree that diversity can be a source of greater benefit than harm to organizations? Why or why not?
As a manager for a hospital, you oversee a staff of marketing associates. Their job is to find doctors and persuade them to refer their patients to your hospital. Associates have a very flexible work schedule and manage their own time. They report to you weekly concerning their activities in the
Nine years ago, Uber revolutionized the taxi industry and the way people commute. With the simple mission “to bring transportation—for everyone, everywhere,” today Uber has reached a valuation of around $70 billion and claimed a market share high of almost 90% in 2015. However, in June 2017
What are the three types of diversity encountered in the workplace?
An increasing number of companies are testing a new and innovative way of recruiting. Blind recruiting is a process by which firms remove any identifying information about applicants during the recruitment process. An example of this may include anonymous applications that omit fields requesting
How are demographics of the workforce changing?
Have you ever worked in a diverse team setting before? If so, did you encounter any attitudes or behaviors that could potentially cause conflict? If not, how would you manage conflict stemming from diversity?
Recently your company has begun to promote its diversity efforts, including same-sex (and heterosexual) partner benefits and a non-harassment policy that includes sexual orientation, among other things. Your department now has new posters on the walls with photos of employees who represent
How is diversity defined in relation to the workplace?
As the workforce becomes increasingly more diverse, managers will face a major challenge in understanding how to manage diversity. One of many decisions to be made is whether an organization should offer diversity training and, if so, what topics and issues should be addressed based on the
What are some major challenges that women face in organizations?
List three organizational goals you would implement to create an organizational culture of diversity and inclusion.
You are a recently hired supervisor at a paper mill factory. During your second week on the job, you learn about a White employee who has been using a racial slur during lunch breaks when discussing some of her Black coworkers with others. You ask the person who reported it to you about the woman
What are the challenges and opportunities that diversity provides to companies?
What are some benefits of hiring older workers?
Pick an identity group (e.g., gay, Black, or woman) other than your own. Imagine and list the negative experiences and interactions you believe you might encounter at work. What policies or strategies could an organization implement to prevent those negative experiences from occurring?
You work for a company that has primarily Black and Hispanic customers. Although you employ many racial minorities and women, you notice that all of your leaders are White men. This does not necessarily mean that your organization engages in discriminatory practices, but how would you know if your
What are the responsibilities of human resources regarding diversity?
Why would an employee “pass” or “reveal” at work? What are the positive and negative consequences of doing so?
Provide a concrete example of how different perspectives stemming from diversity can positively impact an organization or work group. You may use a real-life personal example or make one up.
Your company’s founder believes that younger workers are more energetic and serve better in sales positions. Before posting a new job ad for your sales division, he recommends that you list an age requirement of the position for applicants between ages 18 and 25. Is his recommendation a good one?
Can diversity be a strategic advantage to organizations?
Explain the six benefits of workplace diversity described by Cox and Blake’s business case for diversity.
You work for a real estate broker who recently hired two gay realtors, Steven and Shauna, to be a part of the team. During a staff meeting, your boss mentions an article she read about gay clients feeling ostracized in the real estate market. She tells the new employees she hired them to help
What is the role of the EEOC?
Compare how the cognitive diversity hypothesis and the similarity-attraction paradigm relate to diversity outcomes.
What are the types of discrimination encountered in the workplace?
Based on the justification-suppression model, explain why individuals act on their prejudicial beliefs.
What are the theories that can help managers understand diversity?
Describe challenges that managers must face when managing diversity.
How can managers reap the benefits of diversity?
How can employees ensure they are compliant with the laws and legislation enforced by the EEOC?
How can managers mitigate the challenges of diversity?
What are some recommendations for managing diversity?
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