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chemistry a molecular approach

Questions and Answers of Chemistry A Molecular Approach

Fructose is a common sugar found in fruit. Elemental analysis of fructose gives the following mass percent composition:C 40.00%, H 6.72%, O 53.28%. The molar mass of fructose is 180.16 g/mol. Find
Combustion analysis of a 13.42-g sample of equilin (which contains only carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen) produces 39.61 g CO2 and 9.01 g H2O. The molar mass of equilin is 268.34 g/mol. Find its
Estrone, which contains only carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, is a female sexual hormone in the urine of pregnant women.Combustion analysis of a 1.893-g sample of estrone produces 5.545 g of CO2 and
Epsom salts is a hydrated ionic compound with the following formula: MgSO4 · x H2O. A 4.93-g sample of Epsom salts is heated to drive off the water of hydration. The mass of the sample after
A hydrate of copper(II) chloride has the following formula: CuCl2 · x H2O. The water in a 3.41-g sample of the hydrate is driven off by heating. The remaining sample has a mass of 2.69 g.Find the
A compound of molar mass 177 g/mol contains only carbon, hydrogen, bromine, and oxygen. Analysis reveals that the compound contains eight times as much carbon as hydrogen by mass. Find the molecular
Researchers obtained the following data from experiments to find the molecular formula of benzocaine, a local anesthetic, which contains only carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, and oxygen.Complete
Find the total number of atoms in a sample of cocaine hydrochloride, C17H22ClNO4, of mass 23.5 mg.
Vanadium forms four different oxides in which the percent by mass of vanadium is, respectively, (a) 76%, (b) 68%, (c) 61%, and(d) 56%. Determine the formula and the name of each oxide.
The chloride of an unknown metal is believed to have the formula MCl3. A 2.395-g sample of the compound contains 3.606 * 10-2 mol Cl. Find the atomic mass of M.
Write the structural formulas of three different compounds that each have the molecular formula C5H12.
A chromium-containing compound has the formula FexCryO4 and is 28.59% oxygen by mass. Find x and y.
A phosphorus compound that contains 34.00% phosphorus by mass has the formula X3P2. Identify the element X.
A particular brand of beef jerky contains 0.0552% sodium nitrite by mass and is sold in an 8.00-oz bag. What mass of sodium does the sodium nitrite contribute to the sodium content of the bag of beef
Phosphorus is obtained primarily from ores containing calcium phosphate. If a particular ore contains 57.8% calcium phosphate, what minimum mass of the ore must be processed to obtain 1.00 kg of
A mixture of NaCl and NaBr has a mass of 2.00 g and contains 0.75 g of Na. What is the mass of NaBr in the mixture?
Three pure compounds form when 1.00-g samples of element X combine with, respectively, 0.472 g, 0.630 g, and 0.789 g of element Z. The first compound has the formula X2Z3. Find the empirical formulas
A mixture of 50.0 g of S and 1.00 * 102 g of Cl2 reacts completely to form S2Cl2 and SCl2. Find the mass of S2Cl2 formed.
Because of increasing evidence of damage to the ozone layer, chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) production was banned in 1996. However, many older cars still have air conditioners that use CFC-12 (CF2Cl2).
A mixture of CaCO3 and (NH4)2CO3 is 61.9% CO3 by mass. Find the mass percent of CaCO3 in the mixture.
An aluminum sphere contains 8.55 * 1022 aluminum atoms. What is the sphere’s radius in centimeters?The density of aluminum is 2.70 g/cm3. SORT You are given the number of aluminum atoms in a
Write the symbol for each element and classify it as a metal, nonmetal, or metalloid.a. Gold b. Fluorine c. Sodium d. Tin e. Argon
Use the mass spectrum of europium to determine the atomic mass of europium. Intensity % 100% 50% - 151 153 Mass (amu)
Silicon has three naturally occurring isotopes (Si-28, Si-29, and Si-30). The mass and natural abundance of Si-28 are 27.9769 amu and 92.2%, respectively. The mass and natural abundance of Si-29 are
Use the mass spectrum of rubidium to determine the atomic mass of rubidium. Intensity % 100% 50%- 85 87 Mass (amu)
How many sulfur atoms are there in 5.52 mol of sulfur?
How many moles of aluminum do 3.7 * 1024 aluminum atoms represent?
What is the amount, in moles, of each elemental sample?a. 11.8 g Ar b. 3.55 g Znc. 26.1 g Ta d. 0.211 g Li
What is the mass, in grams, of each elemental sample?a. 2.3 * 10-3 mol Sbb. 0.0355 mol Bac. 43.9 mol Xed. 1.3 mol W
How many silver atoms are there in 3.78 g of silver?
What is the mass of 4.91 * 1021 platinum atoms?
Calculate the number of atoms in each sample.a. 5.18 g P b. 2.26 g Hgc. 1.87 g Bi d. 0.082 g Sr
Calculate the number of atoms in each sample.a. 14.955 g Cr b. 39.733 g Sc. 12.899 g Pt d. 97.552 g Sn
Calculate the mass, in grams, of each sample.a. 1.1 * 1023 gold atomsb. 2.82 * 1022 helium atomsc. 1.8 * 1023 lead atomsd. 7.9 * 1021 uranium atoms
Calculate the mass, in kg, of each sample.a. 7.55 * 1026 cadmium atomsb. 8.15 * 1027 nickel atomsc. 1.22 * 1027 manganese atomsd. 5.48 * 1029 lithium atoms
How many carbon atoms are there in a diamond (pure carbon) with a mass of 52 mg?
Name the compound P2I4.a) Phosphorus iodideb) Phosphorus diiodidec) Phosphorus(II) iodided) Diphosphorus tetraiodide
Explain how to name binary ionic compounds. How do you name an ionic compound if it contains a polyatomic ion?
Name each compound.(a) NI3 (b) PCl5 (c) P4S10
Calculate the mass (in kilograms) of chlorine in 25 kg of each chlorofluorocarbon (CFC).a. CF2Cl2 b. CFCl3 c. C2F3Cl3 d. CF3Cl
How many fluorine atoms are present in 5.85 g of C2F4?
How many bromine atoms are present in 35.2 g of CH2Br2?
A chemist decomposes samples of several compounds; the masses of their constituent elements are listed. Calculate the empirical formula for each compound.a. 1.651 g Ag, 0.1224 g Ob. 0.672 g Co, 0.569
A chemist decomposes samples of several compounds; the masses of their constituent elements are listed. Calculate the empirical formula for each compound.a. 1.245 g Ni, 5.381 g I.b. 2.677 g Ba, 3.115
Calculate the empirical formula for each stimulant based on its elemental mass percent composition.a. Nicotine (found in tobacco leaves): C 74.03%, H 8.70%, N 17.27%b. Caffeine (found in coffee
Calculate the empirical formula for each natural flavor based on its elemental mass percent composition.a. Methyl butyrate (component of apple taste and smell):C 58.80%, H 9.87%, O 31.33%b. Vanillin
Based on the molecular diagram, classify each change as physical or chemical. (a) (c) (b)
Convert each temperature.a. 32 °F to °C (temperature at which water freezes)b. 77 K to °F (temperature of liquid nitrogen)c. -109 °F to °C (temperature of dry ice)d. 98.6 °F to K (body
Express the quantity 556.2 * 10-12 s in each unit.a. ms b. ns c. ps d. fs
How many 1-cm squares would it take to construct a square that is 1 m on each side?
How many 1-cm cubes would it take to construct a cube that is 4 cm on edge?
A titanium bicycle frame displaces 0.314 L of water and has a mass of 1.41 kg. What is the density of the titanium in g/cm3?
Perform each unit conversion.a. 28.9 nm to μmb. 1432 cm3 to Lc. 1211 Tm to Gm
Perform each unit conversion.a. 154 cm to inb. 3.14 kg to gc. 3.5 L to qtd. 109 mm to in
A bedroom has a volume of 115 m3. What is its volume in each unit?a. km3b. dm3c. cm3
The average U.S. farm occupies 435 acres. How many square miles is this?
Do each calculation without your calculator and give the answers to the correct number of significant figures.a. 1.76 * 10-3/8.0 * 102b. 1.87 * 10-2 + 2 * 10-4 - 3.0 * 10-3c. [(1.36 *
What is the difference between a physical change and a chemical change? List some examples of each.
Explain the significance of the law of conservation of energy.
What kind of energy is chemical energy? In what way is an elevated weight similar to a tank of gasoline?
What are the standard SI base units of length, mass, time, and temperature?
What are the three common temperature scales? Does the size of a degree differ among them?
What are prefix multipliers? List some examples.
What is a derived unit? List an example.
Explain the difference between density and mass.
Explain the difference between intensive and extensive properties.
What is the meaning of the number of digits reported in a measured quantity?
When multiplying or dividing measured quantities, what determines the number of significant figures in the result?
When adding or subtracting measured quantities, what determines the number of significant figures in the result?
What are the rules for rounding off the results of calculations?
What is dimensional analysis?
Classify each statement as an observation, a law, or a theory.a. All matter is made of tiny, indestructible particles called atoms.b. When iron rusts in a closed container, the mass of the container
A chemist decomposes several samples of carbon monoxide into carbon and oxygen and weighs the resultant elements.The results are shown in the table.a. Do you notice a pattern in these results?Next,
Classify each statement as an observation, a law, or a theory.a. Chlorine is a highly reactive gas.b. If elements are listed in order of increasing mass of their atoms, their chemical reactivities
When astronomers observe distant galaxies, they can tell that most of them are moving away from one another. In addition, the more distant the galaxies, the more rapidly they are likely to be moving
Classify each substance as a pure substance or a mixture. If it is a pure substance, classify it as an element or a compound. If it is a mixture, classify it as homogeneous or heterogeneous.a.
Complete the table. Substance aluminum apple juice hydrogen peroxide chicken soup Pure or mixture pure Type element
Classify each substance as a pure substance or a mixture. If it is a pure substance, classify it as an element or a compound. If it is a mixture, classify it as homogeneous or heterogeneous.a.
Complete the table. Substance water coffee ice carbon Pure or mixture pure Type compound
Determine whether each molecular diagram represents a pure substance or a mixture. If it represents a pure substance, classify the substance as an element or a compound. If it represents a mixture,
Determine whether each molecular diagram represents a pure substance or a mixture. If it represents a pure substance, classify the substance as an element or a compound. If it represents a mixture,
Classify each of the listed properties of isopropyl alcohol (also known as rubbing alcohol) as physical or chemical.a. Colorless b. Flammable c. Liquid at room temperature d. Density = 0.79
Classify each of the listed properties of ozone (a pollutant in the lower atmosphere but part of a protective shield against UV light in the upper atmosphere) as physical or chemical.a. Bluish
Classify each property as physical or chemical.a. The tendency of ethyl alcohol to burnb. The shine on silverc. The odor of paint thinnerd. The flammability of propane gas
Classify each property as physical or chemical.a. The boiling point of ethyl alcoholb. The temperature at which dry ice evaporatesc. The tendency of iron to rustd. The color of gold
Classify each change as physical or chemical.a. Natural gas burns in a stove.b. The liquid propane in a gas grill evaporates because the valve was left open.c. The liquid propane in a gas grill burns
Based on the molecular diagram, classify each change as physical or chemical. (a) (b) (c)
Classify each change as physical or chemical.a. Sugar burns when heated in a skillet.b. Sugar dissolves in water.c. A platinum ring becomes dull because of continued abrasion.d. A silver surface
A new penny has a mass of 2.49 g and a volume of 0.349 cm3.Is the penny made of pure copper? Explain your answer.
Glycerol is a syrupy liquid often used in cosmetics and soaps.A 3.25 L sample of pure glycerol has a mass of 4.10 * 103 g. What is the density of glycerol in g/cm3?
A supposedly gold nugget displaces 19.3 mL of water and has a mass of 371 g. Could the nugget be made of gold?
Ethylene glycol (antifreeze) has a density of 1.11 g/cm3.a. What is the mass in g of 417 mL of ethylene glycol?b. What is the volume in L of 4.1 kg of ethylene glycol?
Acetone (nail polish remover) has a density of 0.7857 g/cm3.a. What is the mass in g of 28.56 mL of acetone?b. What is the volume in mL of 6.54 g of acetone?
A small airplane takes on 245 L of fuel. If the density of the fuel is 0.821 g/mL, what mass of fuel has the airplane taken on?
Read each measurement to the correct number of significant figures. Laboratory glassware should always be read from the bottom of the meniscus. 80 70 (a) (b) 600 500 (c)
Human fat has a density of 0.918 g/cm3. How much volume (in cm3) is gained by a person who gains 10.0 lb of pure fat?
Read each measurement to the correct number of significant figures. Laboratory glassware should always be read from the bottom of the meniscus. Digital balances normally display mass to the correct
For each number, underline the zeroes that are significant and draw an x through the zeroes that are not.a. 1,050,501 kmb. 0.0020 mc. 0.000000000000002 sd. 0.001090 cm
For each number, underline the zeroes that are significant and draw an x through the zeroes that are not.a. 180,701 mib. 0.001040 mc. 0.005710 kmd. 90,201 m
How many significant figures are in each number?a. 0.000312 mb. 312,000 sc. 3.12 * 105 kmd. 13,127 se. 2000

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