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introductory chemistry concepts

Questions and Answers of Introductory Chemistry Concepts

Complete and balance each of the following single replacement reactions.(a) Mg(s) + NiSO4(aq) →(b) Al(s) + SnSO4(aq) →
Complete and balance each of the following single replacement reactions.(a) Zn(s) + HNO3(aq) S(b) Cd(s) + HNO3(aq) S
Complete and balance each of the following single replacement reactions.(a) Mg(s) + H2SO4(aq) →(b) Al(s) + H2SO4(aq) →
Complete and balance each of the following single replacement reactions.(a) Zn(s) + H2O(l) →(b) Ba(s) + H2O(l) →
Complete and balance each of the following single replacement reactions.(a) Mg(s) + H2O(l) →(b) Sr(s) + H2O(l) →
Predict which of the following compounds are soluble in water:(a) Ammonium sulfide, (NH4)2S(b) Zinc carbonate, ZnCO3(c) Vin(II) chromate, SnCrO4(d) Lead(II) acetate, Pb(C2H3O2)2.
Predict which of the following compounds are soluble in water:(a) Aluminum nitrate, Al(NO3)3(b) Sodium sulfate, Na2SO4(c) Cobalt(II) hydroxide, Co(OH)2(d) Iron(III) phosphate, FePO4.
Predict which of the following compounds are insoluble in water:(a) Mercury(I) chloride, Hg2Cl2(b) Mercury(II) chloride, HgCl2(c) Silver bromide, AgBr(d) Lead(II) iodide, PbI2.
Predict which of the following compounds are insoluble in water:(a) Strontium carbonate, SrCO3(b) Calcium hydroxide, Ca(OH)2(c) Nickel(II) sulfide, NiS(d) Mercury(II) bromide, HgBr2.
Write a balanced chemical equation for each of the following double-replacement reactions.(a) Aqueous solutions of tin(II) chloride and potassium sulfide react to give a tin(II) sulfide precipitate
Write a balanced chemical equation for each of the following double-replacement reactions.(a) Aqueous solutions of chromium(III) iodide and sodium hydroxide react to give a chromium(III) hydroxide
Complete and balance each of the following double replacement reactions.(a) MgSO4(aq) + BaCl2(aq) →(b) FeSO4(aq) + Ca(OH)2(aq) →
Complete and balance each of the following double replacement reactions.(a) AgC2H3O2(aq) + SrI2(aq) →(b) AlBr3(aq) + Na2CO3(aq) →
Write a balanced equation for each of the following neutralization reactions.(a) Lithium hydroxide solution is added to carbonic acid.(b) Calcium hydroxide solution is added to nitric acid.
Write a balanced equation for each of the following neutralization reactions.(a) Potassium hydroxide solution is added to phosphoric acid.(b) Strontium hydroxide solution is added to acetic acid.
Complete and balance each of the following neutralization reactions.(a) HNO3(aq) + Ca(OH)2(aq) →(b) HNO2(aq) + Ca(OH)2(aq) →
Complete and balance each of the following neutralization reactions.(a) H2SO4(aq) + LiOH(aq) →(b) H2SO3(aq) + LiOH(aq) →
If the sum of the coefficients of reactants is equal to 5, is the sum of the coefficents of products equal to 5 in a balanced chemical equation?
If the sum of the subscripts of reactants is equal to 5, is the sum of the subscripts of products equal to 5 in a balanced chemical equation?
Balance each of the following chemical equations by inspection.(a) FeO(l) + Al(l) → Al2O3(l) + Fe(l)(b) MnO2(l) + Al(l) → Al2O3(l) + Mn(l).
Balance each of the following chemical equations by inspection.(a) F2(g) + NaBr(aq) → Br2(l) + NaF(aq)(b) Sb2S3(s) + HCl(aq) → SbCl3(aq) + H2S(g).
Balance each of the following chemical equations by inspection.(a) PCl5(s) + H2O(l) → H3PO4(aq) + HCl(aq)(b) TiCl4(s) + H2O(g) → TiO2(s) + HCl(g).
Balance each of the following combustion reactions by inspection.(a) CH4(g) + O2(g) → CO2(g) + H2O(g) (b) C3H8(g) + O2(g) →S CO2(g) + H2O(g).
Refer to the periodic table and state the mass of Avogadro’s number of atoms for each of the following nonmetals.(a) Sulfur(b) Helium.Periodic Table:
Refer to the periodic table inside the front cover of this textbook. State the mass of Avogadro’s number of atoms for each of the following metals.(a) Silver(b) MercuryPeriodic Table:
Balance each of the following combustion reactions by inspection.(a) CH4O(l) + O2(g) → CO2(g) + H2O(g) (b) C3H8O(l) + O2(g) → CO2(g) + H2O(g).
Iron is prepared industrially by passing carbon monoxide gas through molten iron ore, Fe2O3, in a blast furnace at 1500 °C. Assuming the only products are molten iron and carbon dioxide gas, write a
Chlorine is prepared industrially by heating hydrogen chloride gas with oxygen gas. Assuming the only products are water and chlorine gas, write a balanced chemical equation for the manufacture of
Refer to the periodic table and state the mass for each of the following number of atoms.(a) 1 atom of carbon(b) 6.02 x 1023 atoms of carbon. 2 3 4 av 6 3 7 11 1 IA 37 5
How many atoms of silver equal a mass of 107.87 amu?(a) 1(b) 47(c) 107.87(d) 108(e) 6.02 x 1023.
Refer to the periodic table and state the number of atoms for each of the following nonmetals.(a) 30.97 g P(b) 20.18 g Ne.Periodic Table:
How many atoms of silver are in 2.50 mol of Ag metal?(a) 1.51 x 1022 atoms(b) 1.51 x 1023 atoms(c) 1.51 x 1024 atoms(d) 2.41 x 1023 atoms(e) 2.41 x 1024 atoms.
State the number of atoms for each of the following metals.(a) 63.55 g Cu(b) 40.08 g Ca
Refer to the periodic table and state the atomic mass (in amu) of one atom for each of the following metals.(a) Sodium(b) Strontium(c) Silicon(d) Selenium. 2 3 4 av 6 3 7 11 1 IA 37 5
What is the mass of 7.75 x 1022 formula units of lead(II) sulfide, PbS?
State the number of particles in each of the following.(a) 1 mol of silicon atoms, Si(b) 1 mol of silane molecules, SiH4.
What is the mass of Avogadro’s number of sulfur molecules, S8?
An emerald has the chemical formula Be3Al2Si16O18 . What is the percentage of aluminum in the gemstone?(a) 3.30%(b) 3.37%(c) 6.59%(d) 35.2%(e) 54.9%.
How many molecules are found in 0.175 g of fluorine gas, F2?
How many O2 molecules are present in 0.470 g of oxygen gas? Strategy Plan STEP 1: What unit is asked for in the answer? STEP 2: What given value is related to the answer? STEP 3: What unit factor(s)
What is the mass of Avogadro’s number of ozone, O3, molecules?
Calculate the mass in grams for a single molecule of carbon dioxide, CO2 (given that MM = 44.01 g/mol). Strategy Plan STEP 1: What unit is asked for in the answer? STEP 2: What given value is related
If 0.500 mol of silver combines with 0.250 mol of sulfur, what is the empirical formula of the silver sulfide product?(a) AgS(b) Ag2S(c) AgS2(d) Ag5S5(e) None of the above.
Calculate the number of moles of iodine in 5.34 x 1025 molecules of I2.
How many hydrogen molecules are in 22.4 liters of H2 gas at STP?(a) 1.20 x 1024(b) 1.35 x 1025(c) 1.81 x 1024(d) 2.69 x 1022(e) 6.02 x 1023.
Calculate the molar mass for each of the following substances:(a) Manganese metal, Mn(b) Sulfur hexafluoride, SF6(c) Strontium acetate, Sr(C2H3O2)2.
Calculate the molar mass for each of the following substances:(a) Silver metal, Ag(b) Ammonia gas, NH3(c) Magnesium nitrate, Mg(NO3)2.
State the number of particles in each of the following.(a) 1 mol of carbon atoms, C(b) 1 mol of methane molecules, CH4.
The molecular mass of water is 18.02 amu. What is the mass of Avogadro’s number of water molecules?
What is the volume of 1.20 x 1022 molecules of hydrogen gas, H2, at STP? (a) 0.0199 L(b) 0.447 L(c) 2.24 L(d) 5.02 L(e) 1120 L.
What is the number of atoms in 1.00 mol of a metallic element?
What is the mass of 3.30 x 1023 atoms of silver, Ag? (a) 0.549 g(b) 25.8 g(c) 59.1 g(d) 85.7 g(e) 197 g.
Calculate the number of moles of potassium in 1.25 x 1021 atoms K. Strategy Plan STEP 1: What unit is asked for in the answer? STEP 2: What given value is related to the answer? STEP 3: What unit
Refer to the periodic table and state the mass of 6.02 x 1023 atoms of each of the following nonmetals.(a) Beryllium(b) Barium(c) Boron(d) Bromine. 2 3 4 AD 6 3 7 11 1 IA 37 5 Rb 4 Li
What is the number of molecules in 1.00 mol of a diatomic nonmetal?
What is the mass in grams of 2.01 x 1022 atoms of sulfur? Strategy Plan STEP 1: What unit is asked for in the answer? STEP 2: What given value is related to the answer? STEP 3: What unit factor(s)
State the number of moles represented by each of the following.(a) 6.02 x 1023 atoms of sulfur, S(b) 6.02 x 1023 molecules of sulfur dioxide, SO2.
Calculate the density of ammonia gas, NH3, at STP. (MM = 17.04 g/mol). Strategy Plan STEP 1: What unit is asked for in the answer? STEP 2: What given value is related to the answer? STEP 3: What unit
Calculate the density of hydrogen sulfide gas, H2S, at STP.
Calculate the number of particles in each of the following.(a) 0.100 mol magnesium atoms, Mg(b) 0.200 mol chlorine molecules, Cl2(c) 0.300 mol magnesium chloride formula units, MgCl2.
Why does the balloon filled with helium gas rise, whereas the balloon filled with nitrogen gas does not?
Given that Al-27 is the only natural isotope of aluminum, what is the mass of one Al atom and Avogadro’s number of Al atoms, respectively?
Calculate the number of particles in each of the following.(a) 0.250 mol calcium atoms, Ca(b) 0.500 mol fluorine molecules, F2(c) 0.300 mol calcium fluoride formula units, CaF2.
Calculate the mass in grams for a single molecule of carbon monoxide, CO.
State the number of moles represented by each of the following.(a) 6.02 x 1023 atoms of selenium, Se(b) 6.02 x 1023 molecules of selenium dioxide, SeO2.
What is the mass of a carbon monoxide molecule expressed in amu?
A common name for fructose is fruit sugar. What is the molecular formula of fructose if the empirical formula is CH2O, and the approximate molar mass is 180
A fire extinguisher releases 1.96 g of an unknown gas that occupies 1.00 L at STP. What is the molar mass (g/mol) of the unknown gas? Strategy Plan STEP 1: What unit is asked for in the answer? STEP
Boron trifluoride gas is used in the manufacture of computer chips. Given that 1.505 g of the gas occupies 497 mL at STP, what is the molar mass of boron fluoride gas?
What is the volume of one mole of any gas at STP?
What is the mass of 3.36 L of ozone gas, O3, at STP? Strategy Plan STEP 1: What unit is asked for in the answer? STEP 2: What given value is related to the answer? STEP 3: What unit factor(s) should
Given that I-127 is the only natural isotope of iodine, what is the mass of one I atom and Avogadro’s number of I atoms, respectively?
What volume is occupied by 0.125 g of methane gas, CH4, at STP?
Calculate the number of moles containing each of the following.(a) 2.50 x 1022 atoms of iron, Fe(b) 5.00 x 1023 molecules of sulfur tri oxide, SO3(c) 7.50 x 1024 formula units of iron(II) sulfate,
How many molecules of ozone are in one mole of gas?
How many molecules of hydrogen gas, H2, occupy 0.500 L at STP? Strategy Plan STEP 1: What unit is asked for in the answer? STEP 2: What given value is related to the answer? STEP 3: What unit
Given Avogadro’s number of shotput balls, which of the following is the best estimate of the total mass: an automobile, the Empire State building, or Earth?
What is the volume occupied by 3.33 x 1021 atoms of helium gas, He, at STP?
Calculate the number of moles containing each of the following.(a) 1.00 x 1022 atoms of cobalt, Co(b) 2.00 x 1023 molecules of carbon dioxide, CO2(c) 3.00 x 1024 formula units of cobalt(II)
What is the mass of one mole of hydrogen gas?
Given Avogadro’s number of marbles, which of the following is the best estimate of the total volume: a basketball, Dallas Cowboys Stadium, or the Moon?
EDTA (ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid) is used as a food preservative and in the treatment of lead poisoning. Calculate the percent composition of EDTA, C10H16N2O8.
If an ultra-sensitive balance can weigh samples having a mass of 1 mg or greater, can it weigh 10 trillion copper atoms?
If an analysis of sugar, CxHyOz, gave 40.0% C and 6.7% H, what is the percent oxygen?
Refer to the periodic table and state the molar mass for each of the following.(a) Aluminum, Al(b) Silicon, Si(c) Arsenic, As(d) Sulfur, S. 2 3 4 av 6 3 7 11 1 IA 37 5
TNT (trinitrotoluene) is a white crystalline substance that explodes at 240 °C. Calculate the percent composition of TNT, C7H5 (NO2)3.
A light year, 9.5 x 1012 km, is the distance light travels in a year and an average rodent mole has a length of 17 cm. Which is longer, a light year or a mole of furry moles?
Calculate the number of carbon atoms in 1.00 g of table sugar, C12H22O11.
Calculate the number of carbon atoms in 1.00 g of blood sugar, C6H12O6.
What is the mass of cuprite, Cu2O, that contains 10.0 g of copper?
What is the mass of rust, Fe2O3, that contains 10.0 g of iron?
Calculate the volume in cubic centimeters occupied by one molecule of water in a beaker of water. The density of water is 1.00 g/cm3.
Calculate the volume in milliliters occupied by one molecule of ethyl alcohol, C2H5OH, in a beaker of ethyl alcohol. The density of ethyl alcohol is 0.789 g/mL.
The volume occupied by each copper atom in a 1-mole crystal is 0.0118 nm3. If the density of the copper crystal is 8.92 g/cm3, what is the experimental value of Avogadro’s number?
Each atom in a crystal of aluminum metal occupies a theoretical cube that is 0.255 nm on a side. If the density of the aluminum crystal is 2.70 g/cm3, what is the experimental value of Avogadro’s
If 0.500 mol of yellow powder sulfur reacts with 0.500 mol of oxygen gas, what is the empirical formula of the sulfur oxide?
Refer to the periodic table and calculate the molar mass for each of the following.(a) Calcium sulfide, CaS(b) Calcium sulfate, CaSO4(c) Dichlorine pentaoxide, Cl2O5(d) Glycerin, C3H5 (OH)3.
A 1-carat diamond is pure, crystalline carbon and has a mass of 0.200 g. Which has more atoms: a 1-carat diamond, or a googol (1 x 10100) of atoms?
Calculate the empirical formula for caffeine given the following percent composition: 49.5% C, 5.15% H, 28.9% N, and 16.5% O.
Glycine is an amino acid found in protein. An analysis of glycine gave the following data: 32.0% carbon, 6.7% hydrogen, 18.7% nitrogen, and 42.6% oxygen. Calculate the empirical formula of the amino

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