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chemistry
organic chemistry
Questions and Answers of
Organic Chemistry
Draw structures for these compounds:(a) 3-Methoxybenzoic acid(b) p-Phenyl phenol(c) 2-Methylbutyl p-toluenesulfonate(d) 4-Cyano-3. 5-dimethyloctanal(e) Sodium acetate(f) 2, 4-Dinitrotoluene(g) Ethyl
Provide names for these compounds:
Explain which compound has the higher melting point or boiling point:
What is the functional group present in these compounds?
Identify the most acidic site in thesecompounds:
Suggest explanations for the origins of "ibu," "pro," and "fen" in the name ibuprofen. Provide a systematic name for thiscompound
The pKa for the picric acid is 0.42. Explain why it is such a strong acid.
To find a base that is strong enough to deprotonate benzoic acid but not p-methyl phenol. Then explain how this base might be used to separate these two compounds in the laboratory.
The hydrogen's of the hydrocarbons can b randomly replaced by chlorine by reaction of the hydrocarbon with Cl2 in the presence of light. An unknown compound, A, with the formula C4H10, produces two
Provide structures for these naturally occurring compounds:(a) 2, 6-Diaminohexanoic acid (lysine, an amino acid)(b) Hex-2-en-1-yl acetate (sex attractant of Indian water bug)(c) (Z)-7-Dogecen-1-yl
Name these compounds. Discuss.
Explain which compound has the higher melting point.
Explain which compound has the higher boiling point. Discuss in detail.
Explain whether each compound is soluble in aqueous NaOH, aqueous NaHCO3 both, or neither.
Calculate these quantities:(a) The wavelength of light (in centimeters) with a frequency of 9.00 x 1012Hz.(b) The frequency of light with a wavelength of 310nm(c) The energy of light (in kcal/mol or
What kind of light has a frequency of 9.00 x 1013Hz?
Some NMR spectrometers operate at 4 x 108Hz (400MHz), what is the energy of this radiation?
Explain which of these bonds has the absorption for its stretching vibration at higher wave number:(a) C – H or C – D(b) C = C or C ≡ C(c) C – C1 or C – I
Indicate the positions of the absorption bands and any other noteworthy features in the hydrogen region of the IR spectra of thesecompounds:
Explain why the presence of a triple bond is much easier to detect in the IR spectrum of 1-hexyne than it is in the spectrum of3-hexyne.
The exhaust from a poorly maintained automobile may contain a wide variety of different hydrocarbon pollutants. Why is the 3000 to 2900 cm–1 region a good place to monitor the amount of these
Predict the positions of the absorption bands in the IR spectra for the carbonyl groups of thesecompounds.
Explain how IR spectroscopy could be used to distinguish between thesecompounds:
Predict the positions of the major absorption bands in the IR spectra of thesecompounds:
Explain how IRD spectroscopy could be used to distinguish between these compounds:
List the positions of the important absorption bands in the IR spectra of these compounds:
Explain how IR spectroscopy could be used to distinguish between thesecompounds:
Explain which functional group(s) is present in the compound that has this IR spectrum:
Explain which functional group(s) is present in the compound that has this IRspectrum:
Explain which functional group(s) is present in the compound that has this IRspectrum:
Explain which functional group(s) is present in the compound that has this IRspectrum:
Explain which functional group(s) is present in the compound that has this IRspectrum:
Suggest a possible structure for a compound with the formula C5H12O that has the following IR spectrum and explain yourreasoning:
Suggest a possible structure for a compound with the formula C6H12O2 that has the following IR spectrum and explain your reasoning:
Suggest a possible structure for a compound with the formula C5H7O2 that has the following IR spectrum and explain yourreasoning:
Suggest a possible structure for a compound with the formula C7H12O that has the following IR spectrum and explain yourreasoning:
Suggest a possible structure for a compound with the formula C9H10O that has the following IR spectrum and explain yourreasoning:
Forensic laboratories often have to identify various illicit drug samples. Explain how IR spectroscopy could be used to help distinguish between morphine and heroin.
Predict the important absorptions in the IR spectra of these compounds.
Which of these compounds has an absorption at 1741 cm–1 in its IR spectrum?
Which of these compounds has two strong peaks near 1520 and 1350 cm–1 in its IR spectrum?
The absorption for the hydrogen’s of benzene appears 444Hz downfield from TMS on an instrument that operates of 60MHz.(a) Calculate the position of this absorption in δ units.(b) Calculate the
How many absorption are expected in the 1 H-NMR spectra of these compounds?
Predict the approximate chemical shifts for the different hydrogen's in thesecompounds:
Predict the multiplicity of the absorption for Hm if Jam = Jmx. Explain.
Construct a tree diagram for the absorption of Hm assume that Jam
Predict the multiplicities of the absorptions for the hydrogen's of these groups, assume that hydrogen's labeled a are different from those labeled x but that all of those labeled a are identical and
Predict the 1H.NMR spectra of these compounds include the approximate chemical shift, multiplicity, and integral for each type ofhydrogen.
How many different absorption bands would appear in the 13C-NMR spectra of thesecompounds?
Assign the absorptions in the 13C-NMR spectra of these compounds to the appropriate carbons:(a) 1-Butanol; absorptions at 61.4, 35.0, 19.1, and 13.6 δ(b) Cyclohexanone; absorptions at 209.7, 41.9,
Determine the structure of this compound from its IR and 13C-NMR spectra, its formula isC7H16O2:
Predict the multiplicities of the indicated hydrogen's in the 1H-NMR spectra of these compounds:
Predict the approximate chemical shifts, multiplicities and integrals for the absorptions in the 1H-NMR spectra of thesecompounds:
Predict the approximate chemical shifts of the absorptions in the 13C-NMR spectrum of thiscompound:
Suggest how these compounds could be distinguished by using NMRspectroscopy:
Suggest structures for these compound first the formula are given. Then the absorptions in the 1H-NMR are listed as chemical shift (multiplicity, integral). Some compounds also have an important IR
Suggest a structure for the compound with the formula C7H6O whose 13C-NMR spectrum is as follows:
Suggest a structure for the compound with the formula C8H9Br that has the following IR and 1H-NMRspectra:
Suggest a structure for the compound with the formula C5H7NO2 that has the following IR and 1H-NMR spectra.
Suggest a structure for the compound with the formula C5H10O2 that has the following IR and 1H-NMR spectra (some absorptions overlap in the NMRspectrum)
An unknown compound, A (C7H10), show four absorptions in its 13C-NMR spectrum, at 22 (CH2), 24, 124 (CH), and 126 (CH) δ on reaction with excess H2 and a Pt catalyst, A produces B (C7H14) B shows a
The product of the following reaction has a broad absorption at 3330 cm-1 in its IR spectrum. Its 13C-NMR spectrum shows absorptions at 70(C), 34 (CH2), 30 (CH3), and 15 (CH3). Suggest a structure
Explain how absorptions may appear in the 1H-NMR spectrum of thiscompound:
The addition of HC1 to but-3-en-2-one gives a product with the following 1H-NMR spectrum, show the structure of this product, show a mechanism for its formation, and explain the regiochemistry of
Explain how may different hydrogen’s would appear in the 1H-NMR- spectra of these compounds.
Explain how different signals may would appear in the 13C-NMR- spectra of these compounds.
Anthracene has ε ≡ 1.80 x 105 M–1 cm–1 at λ max = 256nm calculate the absorbance of a 1.94 x 10–6M solution of anthracene in a 1 cm cell.
A solution of a 0.0014 g of benzophenone in 1 L of ethanol has A = 0.153 (1 cm cell) at ? max = 252 nm. Calculate the molar absorptivity of benzophenone.
Trans-1-Phenyl-1, 3-butadiene has λ max = 280 (ε = 27,000) calculate the concentration of a solution that has A = 0.643 at 280nm in a 1 cm cell.
Nitro methane λ max = 275nm (ε = 1.5) what kind of transition is responsible for this absorption?
3-Buten-2-one has λ max =213nm (ε = 7080) and λ max = 320nm (ε = 21) what kind of transition is responsible for each of these absorptions?
Explain how UV spectroscopy could be used to distinguish between thesecompounds.
Butane and acetone both have a molecular mass of 58, calculate the exact masses of these compounds and explain whether they can be distinguished by high-resolution mass spectrometry.
What are the predicted intensities of the M + 1 peaks in the mass spectra of butane and acetone, relative to the intensity of the M+ peak? Do you think that these intensities could be used to
Predict the relative intensities of the M +, M + 2, and M + 4 peaks for these compounds. Assume that 79Br/81Br = 1/1 and 35Cl/37Cl=3/1.(a) CH2Cl2(b) CH2BrCl
What conclusions can be drawn about these compounds from their massspectra?
Show the molecular ions formed from these compounds:
Show equations for the major fragmentations you would expect from the molecular ions of these compounds. List the m/z of the productions.
(a) The base ion in the mass spectrum of 3-ethyl-2-methylpentane occurs at m/z 43m; show the fragmentation that produces this ion.(b) What other fragment would you predict to provide a major peak in
Show equations to account for the major fragment ions that occur at the indicated m/z for thesecompounds:
A student wishes to record the UV spectrum of trans-stilbene, which has λ max = 308nm (ε = 25,000), what concentration should be prepared if the desired absorbance is 0.5 at the maximum?
Indicate the types of transitions responsible for the absorptions of these compounds:
Which of these compounds are expected to have an absorption maximum in the region of 200 to 400nm in their UV spectra?
Predict the major fragments and their m/z that would appear in the mass spectra of these compounds:
Explain how mass spectrometry could be used to distinguish between thesecompounds:
Explain why neopentane shows no molecular ion is its mass spectrum, Predict the structure and m/z for these base ion in its massspectrum.
Explain how the peaks at m/z 115, 101, and 73 arise in the mass spectrum of 3-methy-3-heptanol.
Suggest a structure for the compound whose mass spectrum is asfollows:
The mass spectra of 3-ethyl-2-pentanone and 4-methyl-2-pentanone are as follows. Explain which spectrum goes with which compound, what is the structure of the ion responsible for the peak at m/z 43
Compounds A and B are isomers with the formula C3H6O. A has a peak at 1730 cm?1 in its IR spectrum and B has a peak at 1715cm?1, the mass spectra of A and B are as follows, show the structures of A
Compounds C and D are isomers with the formula C9H12, in addition to other absorption peaks, both compounds show a peak near 7.25 ? (area 5) in their 1H-NMR spectra. Their mass spectra are as follow,
Compounds E and F are isomers with the formula C6H8 both react with H2 in the presence of Pt to give G (C6H12), G shows a single peak in its 13C-NMR spectrum. E has no absorption maximum above 200nm
The 1H-NMR spectrum of compound H is as follows, the peaks at highest m/z in the mass spectrum of H appear at 122 and 124 with intensities in a ration of about 1 to 1. Show the structure ofH.
Ultraviolet spectroscopy of often used to monitor the amount of a protein in a sample, the amount of protein is correlated with the absorbance at 280nm. Explain which of the following amino acids you
Explain why the ultraviolet spectrum of one of these dienes has its maximum absorption at a longer wavelength than that of the other.
Explain why the ultraviolet spectrum of one of these compounds has its maximum absorption at a longer wavelength than that of the other.
Show the structures of the fragment ions that occur at m/z 57, 86, and 99 in the mass spectrum of this compound.
Give the ground-state electron configuration for each of the following elements:(a) Oxygen(b) Silicon(c) Sulfur
How many electrons does each of the following elements have in its outermost electron shell?(a) Magnesium(b) Molybdenum(c) Selenium
Draw a molecule of chloroform, CHCl3, using solid, wedged, and dashed lines to show its tetrahedral geometry.
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