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Fundamentals of Ethics for Scientists and Engineers 1st Edition Edmund G. Seebauer, Robert L. Barry - Solutions
A 9-kg box rests on a 12-kg box that rests on a horizontal table.(a) Draw a diagram showing all forces acting on the 9-kg box and indicate each reaction force.(b) Do the same for all forces acting on the 12-kg box.
A vertical spring of force constant 600 N/m has one end attached to the ceiling and the other to a 12- kg block resting on a horizontal surface so that the spring exerts an upward force on the block. The spring is stretched by 10 cm.(a) What force does the spring exert on the block?(b) What is the
A 6-kg box on a frictionless horizontal surface is attached to a horizontal spring with a force constant of 800 N/m. If the spring is stretched 4 cm from its equilibrium length, what is the acceleration of the box?
The acceleration a versus spring length L observed when a 0.5-kg mass is pulled along a frictionless table by a single spring is shown in the following table:(a) Make a plot of the force exerted by the spring versus length L.(b) If the spring is extended to 12.5 cm, what force does it exert?(c) How
A picture is supported by two wires as in Example 4-9. Do you expect the tension in the wire that is more nearly vertical to be greater than or less than the tension in the other wire?
A clothesline is stretched taut between two poles. Then a wet towel is hung at the center of the line. Can the line remain horizontal? Explain.
A 10-kg object on a frictionless table is subjected to two horizontal forces, F1 and F2, with magnitudes F1 = 20 N and F2 = 30 N, as shown in Figure. (a) Find the acceleration a of the object. (b) A third force F3 is applied so that the object is in static equilibrium.(c) Find F3.
A vertical force T is exerted on a 5-kg body near the surface of the earth, as shown in Figure. Find the acceleration of the body if (a) T = 5 N,? (b) T = 10 N, (c) T = 100N.
To compensate for a distinct lack of personality, Herbert relies on the Grand Entrance technique when he attends parties. His latest plan for appearing at a pool party is to arrive by helicopter and then slide down a nylon rope as the helicopter hovers above poolside. However, as the helicopter
A student has to escape from his girlfriend's dormitory through a window that is 15.0 m above the ground. He has a 24-m rope, but it will break when the tension exceeds 360 N, and the student weighs 600 N. The student will be injured if he hits the ground with a speed greater than 8 m/s.(a) Show
A rifle bullet of mass 9 g starts from rest and exits from the 0.6-m barrel at 1200 m/s. find the force exerted on the bullet, assuming it to be constant, while the bullet is in the barrel.
A 2-kg picture is hung by two wires of equal length. Each makes an angle of ? with the horizontal, as shown in Figure. (a) Find the general equation for the tension T, given ? and weight w for the picture. For what angle ? is T the least? The greatest? (b) If ? = 30o, what is the tension in the
A bullet of mass 1.8 × 10-3 kg moving at 500 m/s Impacts with a large fixed block of wood and travels 6 cm before coming to rest. Assuming that the deceleration of the bullet is constant, find the force exerted by the wood on the bullet.
A 1000-kg load is being moved by a crane. Find the tension in the cable that supports the load as (a) It is accelerated upward at 2 m/s2 , (b) It is lifted at constant speed, and (c) It moves upward with speed decreasing by 2 m/s each second.
For the systems in equilibrium in Figure, find the unknown tensions and masses.
Your car is stuck in a mudhole. You are alone, but you have a long, strong rope. Having studied physics, you tie the rope tautly to a telephone pole and pull on it sideways, as shown in Figure 4-32. (a) Find the force exerted by the rope on the car when the angle θ is 3° and you are pulling
A box slides down a frictionless inclined plane. Draw a diagram showing the forces acting on the box. For each force in your diagram, indicate the reaction force.
In figure the objects are attached to spring balances calibrated in newtons. Give the reading of the balances in each case, assuming that the strings are massless and the incline infrictionless
A box is held in position by a cable along a frictionless incline (Figure).(a) If θ = 60° and m = 50 kg, find the tension in the cable and the normal force exerted by the incline.(b) Find the tension as a function of θ and m, and check your result for θ = 0° and θ = 90°.
A horizontal force of 100 N pushes a 12-kg block up a frictionless incline that makes an angle of 25° with the horizontal.(a) What is the normal force that the incline exerts on the block?(b) What is the acceleration of the block?
A 65-kg boy weighs himself by standing on a scale mounted on a skate- board that is rolling down an incline, as shown in Figure. Assume there is no friction so that the force exerted by the incline on the skateboard is perpendicular to the incline. What is the reading on the scale if Ө = 30°?
A person in an elevator is holding a 10-kg block by a cord rated to withstand a tension of 150 N. When the elevator starts up, the cord breaks. What was the minimum acceleration of the elevator?
A 60-kg girl weighs herself by standing on a scale in an elevator. What does the scale read when?(a) The elevator is descending at a constant rate of 10 m/s; (b) The elevator is descending at 10 m/s and gaining speed at a rate of 2 m/s2; (c) The elevator is ascending at 10 m/s but its
A 2-kg block hangs from a spring balance calibrated in Newtons that is attached to the ceiling of an elevator (Figure). What does the balance read when? (a) The elevator is moving up with a constant velocity of 30 m/s; (b) The elevator is moving down with a constant velocity of 30
A man stands on a scale in an elevator that has an upward acceleration a. The scale reads 960 N.When he picks up a 20-kg box, the scale reads 1200 N. Find the mass of the man, his weight, and the acceleration a.
A box of mass m2 = 3.5 kg rests on a frictionless horizontal shelf and is attached by strings to boxes of masses m1 = 1.5 kg and m3 = 2.5 kg, which hang freely, as shown in Figure 4-39. Both pulleys are frictionless and massless. The system is initially held at rest. After it is released, find (a)
Two blocks are in contact on a frictionless, horizontal surface. The blocks are accelerated by a horizontal force F applied to one of them (Figure). Find the acceleration and the contact force for(a) General values of F, m1, and m2, and (b) For F = 3.2 N, m1 = 2 kg, and m2 = 6 kg.
Repeat the previous problem, but with the two blocks interchanged.
Two 100-kg blocks are dragged along a frictionless surface with a constant acceleration of 1.6 m/s2, as shown in Figure. Each rope has a mass of 1 kg. Find the force F and the tension in the ropes at points A, B, and C.
Two objects are connected by a massless string as shown in figure. The incline and pulley are frictionless. Find the acceleration of the objects and the tension in the string for (a) General values of Ө, m1, and m2,(b) Ө = 30o and m1 = m2 = 5 kg.
Two climbers on an icy (frictionless) slope, tied together by a 30-m rope, are in the predicament shown in Figure 4-43. At time t = 0, the speed of each is zero, but the top climber, Paul (mass 52 kg), has taken one step too many and his friend Jay (mass 74 kg) has dropped his pick. (a) Find the
The northwest face of Half Dome, a large rock in Yosemite National Park, makes an angle of θ = 7.0° with the vertical. Suppose a rock climber lying horizontal on the top is trying to support her unfortunate friend of equal mass who is hanging from a rope over the edge, as shown in Figure. If the
In a stage production of Peter Pan, the 50-kg actor playing Peter has to fly in vertically, and to be in time with the music, he must be lowered a distance of 3.2 min2.2s. Backstage, a smooth surface sloped at 50° supports a counterweight of mass m, as shown in Figure 4-45. Show the calculations
An 8-kg block and a 10-kg block connected by a rope that passes over a frictionless peg slide on frictionless inclines, as shown in Figure. (a) Find the acceleration of the blocks and the tension in the rope. (b) The two blocks are replaced by two others of mass m1 and m2 such that there is no
A heavy rope of length 5 m and mass 4kg lies on a frictionless horizontal table. One end is attached to a 6-kg block. At the other end of the rope, a constant horizontal force of 100 N is applied.(a) What is the acceleration of the system?(b) Give the tension in the rope as a function of position
A 60-kg house painter stands on a 15-kg aluminum platform. The platform is attached to a rope that passes through an overhead pulley, which allows the painter to raise herself and the platform (figure). (a) To accelerate herself and the platform at a rate of 0.8 m/s2, with what force must she pull
Figure shows a 20-kg block sliding on a 10-kg block. All surfaces are frictionless. Find the acceleration of each block and the tension in the string that connects the blocks.
A 20-kg block with a pulley attached slides along a frictionless ledge. It is connected by a massless string to a 5-kg block via the arrangement shown in figure. Find the acceleration of each block and the tension in the connectionstring.
The apparatus in figure is called an Atwood's machine and is used to measure acceleration due go gravity g by measuring the acceleration of either body and the tension in the string are
If one of the masses of the Atwood's machine in Figure is 1.2 kg, what should the other mass be so that the displacement of either mass during the first second following release is 0.3m?
A small pebble of mass m rests on the block of mass m2 of the Atwood's machine in Figure. Find the force exerted by the pebble on m2.
Find the force exerted by the Atwood's machine on the hanger to which the pulley is attached, as shown in Figure, while the blocks accelerate. Neglect the mass of the pulley. Check your answer by considering appropriate variations for m1 and/or m2.
The acceleration of gravity g can be determined by measuring the time t it takes for a mass m2 in an Atwood’s machine to fall a distance L, starting form rest.(a) Find an expression for g in terms of m1, m2, L, and t.(b) Show that if there is a small error in the time measurement dt, it will lead
A force of 12N is applied to an object of mass m. The object moves in a straight line, with its speed increasing by 8 m/s every 2 s. Find m.
A certain force F1 gives an object an acceleration of 6 × 106 m/s2. Another force F2 gives the same object an acceleration of 15 × 106 m/s2. What is the acceleration of the object if (a) The two forces act together on the object in the same direction; (b) The two forces act in opposite
A certain force applied to a particle of mass m1 gives it an acceleration of 20 m/s2. The same force applied to a particle of mass m2 gives it an acceleration of 50 m/s2. If the two particles are tied together and the same force is applied to the pair, find the acceleration.
A 6-kg object is pulled along a frictionless horizontal surface by a horizontal force of 10 N.(a) If the object is at rest at t = 0, how fast is it moving after 3 s?(b) How far does it travel during these 3s?
If you weigh 125 lb on the earth, what would your weight be in pounds on the moon, where the free-fall acceleration due to gravity is 5.33 ft/s2?
A redheaded woodpecker hits the bark of a tree extremely hard---the speed of its head reaches approximately v = 3.5 m/s before impact. If the mass of the bird's head is 0.060 kg, and the average force acting on the head during impact is F = 6. 0 N, find (a) The acceleration of the head
A simple accelerometer can be made by suspending a small object from a string attached to a fixed point on an accelerating object---to the ceiling of a passenger car, for example. When there is an acceleration, the object will deflect and the string will make some angle with the vertical.(a) How is
The mast of a sloop is supported at bow and stern by stainless steel wires, the forestay and backstay, anchored 10 m apart (Figure). The 12- m-long mast weighs 800 N and stands vertically on the deck of the sloop. The mast is positioned 3.6 m behind where the forestay is attached. The tension in
A block of mass m1 is pulled along a smooth horizontal surface by a force exerted at the end of a rope that has a much smaller mass m2, as shown in Figure. (a) Find the acceleration of the rope and block, assuming them to be one object. (b) What is the net force acting on the
Joe and Sal are in a rollerbladers' club that is building a ramp to reach ne w levels of extremeness. The ramp is to be a simple incline, so that after coasting horizontally, a skater will ride up the slope at some angle θ. Sal suggests making the slope as steep as possible to maximize the height
A car traveling 90 km/h crashes into the rear end of an unoccupied stalled vehicle. Fortunately, the driver is wearing a seat belt. Using reasonable values for the mass of the driver and the stopping distance, estimate the force (assuming it to be constant) exerted on the driver by the seat belt.
A 2-kg body rests on a frictionless wedge that has an inclination of 60? and an acceleration a to the right such that the mass remains stationary relative to the wedge (Figure). (a) Find a. (b) What would happen if the wedge were given a greateracceleration?
The masses attached to each side of an Atwood's machine consist of a stack of five washers each of mass m, as shown in Figure. The tension in the string is T0. When one of the washers is removed from the left side, the remaining washers accelerate and the tension decreases by 0.3 N.(a) Find
Consider the Atwood's machine in Figure. When N washers are transferred from the left side to the right side, the right side drops 47.1 cm in 0.40 s. Find N.
Blocks of mass m and 2m are connected by a string (Figure). (a) If the forces are constant, find the tension in the connecting string. (b) If the forces vary with time as F1 = Ct and F2 = 2 Ct, where C is a constant and t is time, find the time t0 at which the tension in the string is T0.
Find the normal force and the tangential force exerted by the road on the wheels of your bicycle (a) As you climb an 8% grade at constant speed, (b) As you descend the 8% grade at constant speed. (An 8% grade means that the angle of inclination θ is given by tan θ = 0.08).
The pulley in an Atwood's machine is given an upward acceleration a, as shown in Figure. Find the acceleration of each mass and the tension in the string that connects them.
The pulley in an Atwood's machine has a mass mP. A force F is exerted on the pulley, as shown in Figure. Find the acceleration of each mass and the tension in the string that connects them.
(Multiple Choice)(1)An object is observed to be moving at constant velocity in an inertial reference frame. It follows that (a) No forces act on the object. (b) A constant force acts on the object in the direction of motion. (c) The net force acting on the object is zero. (d)
(Multiple Choice)(1)A baseball player hits a ball with a bat. If the force with which the bat hits the ball is considered the action force, what is the reaction force? (a) The force the bat exerts on the batter’s hands. (b) The force on the ball exerted by the glove of the person
(Multiple Choice)(1)What effect does the velocity of an elevator have on the apparent weight of a person in the elevator?(2) Suppose you are standing on a scale in descending elevator it comes to a stop on the ground floor. Will the scale’s report of your weight be high, low, or correct?(3)A
Various objects lie on the floor of a truck moving along a horizontal road. If the truck accelerates, what force acts on the objects to cause them to accelerate?
Any object resting on the floor of a truck will slide if the truck's acceleration is too great. How does the critical acceleration at which a light object slips compare with that at which a much heavier object slips?
A 20-N block rests on a horizontal surface. The coefficients of static and kinetic friction between the surface and the block are µs = 0.8 and µk = 0.6. A horizontal string is attached to the block and a constant tension T is maintained in the string. What is the force of friction acting on the
A tired worker pushes with a horizontal force of 500 N on a 100-kg crate resting on a thick pile carpet. The coefficients of static and kinetic friction are 0.6 and 0.4, respectively. Find the frictional force exerted by the surface.
A box weighing 600 N is pushed along a horizontal floor at constant velocity with a force of 250 N parallel to the floor. What is the coefficient of kinetic friction between the box and the floor?
The coefficient of static friction between the tires of a car and a horizontal road is µs = 0.6. If the net force on the car is the force of static friction exerted by the road, (a) What is the maximum acceleration of the car when it is braked? (b) What is the least distance in which the
The force that accelerates a car along a flat road is the frictional force exerted by the road on the car's tires.(a) Explain why the acceleration can be greater when the wheels do not spin.(b) If a car is to accelerate from 0 to 90 km/h in 12 s at constant acceleration, what is the minimum
On the current tour of the rock band Dead Wait, the show opens with a dark stage. Suddenly there is the sound of a large automobile accident. Lead singer Sharika comes sliding to the front of the stage on her knees. Her initial speed is 3 m/s. After sliding 2 m, she comes to rest in a dry ice fog
A 5-kg block is held at rest against a vertical wall by a horizontal force of 100 N.(a) What is the frictional force exerted by the wall on the block?(b) What is the minimum horizontal force needed to prevent the block from falling if the coefficient of friction between the wall and the block is
On a snowy day with the temperature near the freezing point, the coefficient of static friction between a car's tires and an icy road is 0.08. What is the maximum incline that this four-wheel-drive vehicle can climb with zero acceleration?
A 50-kg box that is resting on a level floor must be moved. The coefficient of static friction between the box and the floor is 0.6. One way to move the box is to push down on it at an angle θ with the horizontal. Another method is to pull up on the box at an angle θ with the horizontal.(a)
A 3-kg box resting on a horizontal shelf is attached to a 2-kg box by a light string as in figure. (a) What is the minimum coefficient of static friction such that the objects remain at rest? (b) If the coefficient of static friction is less than that found in part (a), and the coefficient of
Returning to Figure, this t me m1 = 4 kg. The coefficient of static friction between the block and the incline is 0.4. (a) Find the range of possible values for m2 for which the system will be in static equilibrium. (b) What is the frictional force on the 4-kg block if m2 =1kg?
Returning once again to Figure, this time m1 = 4 kg, m2 = 5 kg, and the coefficient of kinetic friction between the inclined plane and the 4-kg block is µk = 0.24. Find the acceleration of the masses and the tension in the cord.
The coefficient of static friction between the bed of a truck and a box resting on it is 0.30. The truck is traveling at 80 km/h along a horizontal road. What is the least distance in which the truck can stop if the box is not to slide?
A 4.5-kg mass is given an initial velocity of 14 m/s up an incline that makes an angle of 37o with the horizontal. When its displacement is 8.0 m, its upward velocity has diminished to 5.2 m/s. Find(a) The coefficients of kinetic friction between the mass and the plane(b) The displacement of the
An automobile is going up a grade of 15o at a speed of 30 m/s. the coefficients of static friction between the tires and the road is 0.7.(a) What minimum distance does it take to stop the car?(b) What minimum distance would it take if the car were going down the grade?
A block of mass m slides with initial speed v0 on a horizontal surface. If the coefficient of kinetic friction between the block and the surface is μk, find the distance d that the block moves before coming to rest
A rear-wheel-drive car supports 40% of its weight on its two drive wheels and has a coefficient of static friction of 0.7.(i). What is the vehicle’s maximum acceleration?(ii). Compute the shortest possible time in which this car can achieve a speed of 100 km/h?
Lou bets an innocent stranger that he can place a 2-kg block against the side of a cart, as in Figure, and that the block will not fall to the ground, even though Lou will use no hooks, ropes, fasteners, magnets, glue, or adhesives of any kind. When the stranger accepts the bet, Lou begins to push
Two blocks attached by a string slide down a 20° incline. The lower block has a mass of m1 = 0.25 kg and a coefficient of kinetic friction µk = 0.2. For the upper block, m2 = 0.8 kg and µk = 0.3. Find (a) The acceleration of the blocks and (b) The tension in the string.
Two blocks attached by a string are at rest on an inclined surface. The lower block has a mass of m1 = 0.2 kg and a coefficient of static friction µs = 0.4. The upper block has a mass m2 = 0.1 kg and µs = 0.6. (a) At what angle θc do the blocks begin to slide? (b) What is the tension
Two blocks connected by a massless, rigid rod slide on a surface inclined at an angle of 20°. The lower block has a mass m1 = 1.2 kg, and the upper block's mass is m2 = 0.75 kg. (a) If the coefficients of kinetic friction are µk = 0.3 for the lower block and µk = 0.2 for the upper block,
A block of mass m rests on a horizontal surface (figure). The block is pulled by a massless rope with a force at an angle θ. The coefficient of static friction is 0.6. The minimum value of the force needed to move the block depends on the angle θ. (a) Discuss qualitatively how you would
Answer the same questions as in Problem 32, only this time with a force that pushes down on the block in Figure at an angle ? with the horizontal.
A 100-kg mass is pulled along a frictionless surface by a horizontal force such that its acceleration is 6 m/s2 (figure). A 20-kg mass slides along the top of the 100-kg mass and has an acceleration of 4 m/s2. (It thus slides backward relative to the 100-kg mass.) (a) What is the frictional
A 60-kg block slides along the top of a 100-kg block with an acceleration of 3 m/s2 when a horizontal force of 320 N is applied, as in figure. The 100-kg block sits on a horizontal frictionless surface, but there is friction between the two blocks.(a) Find the coefficient of kinetic friction
The coefficient of static friction between a rubber tire and the road surface is 0.85. What is the maximum acceleration of a 1000-kg four-wheel-drive truck if the road makes an angle of 12° with the horizontal and the truck is?(a) Climbing, and(b) Descending?
A 2-kg block sits on a 4-kg block that is on a frictionless table (figure). The coefficients of friction between the blocks are µs = 0.3 and µk = 0.2. (a) What is the maximum force F that can be applied to the 4-kg block if the 2-kg block is not to slide? (b) If F is half this value,
In figure, the mass m2 = 10 kg slides on a frictionless shelf. The coefficients of static and kinetic friction between m2 and m1 = 5 kg are µs = 0.6 and µk = 0.4. (a) What is the maximum acceleration of m1? (b) What is the maximum value of m3 if m1 moves with m2 without
A box of mass m rests on a horizontal table. The coefficient of static friction is µs. A force F is applied at an angle θ as shown in Problem 5-32. (a) Find the force F needed to move the box as a function of angle θ. (b) At the angle θ for which this force is minimum, the slope
A 10-kg block rests on a 5-kg bracket like the one in figure. The 5-kg bracket sits on a frictionless surface. The coefficients of friction between the 10-kg block and the bracket on which it rests are µs = 0.40 and µk = 0.30. (a) What is the maximum force F that can be applied if the 10-kg
Lou has set up a kiddie ride at the Winter Ice Fair. He builds a right-angle triangular wedge, which he intends to push along the ice with a child sitting on the hypotenuse. If he pushes too hard, the kid will slide up and over the top, and Lou could be looking at a lawsuit. If he doesn't push hard
A block of mass 0.5 kg rests on the inclined surface of a wedge of mass 2 kg, as in figure. The wedge is acted on by a horizontal force and slides on a frictionless surface. (a) If the coefficient of static friction between the wedge and the block is µs = 0.8, and the angle of the incline is
An object travels with a constant speed v in a circular path of radius r.(a) If v is doubled, how is the acceleration a affected?(b) If r is doubled, how is a affected?(c) Why is it impossible for an object to travel around a perfectly sharp angular turn?
A boy whirls a ball on a string in a horizontal circle of radius 0.8 m. How many revolutions per minute must the ball make if the magnitude of its centripetal acceleration is to be the same as the free- fall acceleration due to gravity g?
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