Technical Communication 15th Global Edition John Lannon, Laura Gurak - Solutions

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4. Value deemphasis means that values move down the value hierarchy. Are there examples of deemphasis in the discussion? How would you approach value deemphasis? Using the discussion in Box 3.1, identify the processes
3. Value emphasis is a process that promotes values so that they move up in the value hierarchy.What values seemed to have been emphasized in the whale debate? How would you emphasize values? Using the discussion in Box 3.1, identify the processes
2. Value redistribution is a process in which a value becomes more widely diffused. What examples of value redistribution occur in the conversation?Using the discussion in Box 3.1, identify the processes
1. What values are apparent in the discussion? How would you organize them on each side of the issues in a hierarchy? Using the discussion in Box 3.1, identify the processes
Steroids. Following is the text of a speech presented by Representative Cliff Stearns in the Congressional Record. After reading the entire speech, apply the concepts in this chapter by accomplishing the following objectives:1. Locate all the claims, reasoning, and evidence in the speech. Draw a
10. It is getting ridiculous. Apple, for instance, has a patent on “slide-to-unlock” a phone, which is distinguished from a “tap” which is a “zero-length swipe.” Apple sues Samsung because Samsung’s phone is rectangular with curved corners. That design is patented. Then Samsung sues
9. When Fidel Castro came to power in Cuba in 1959, the United States was gravely concerned about having a communist government just 90 miles off its shores. Moreover, Castro’s close ties with the Soviet Union threatened U.S. security, especially if the Soviets decided to deploy nuclear weapons
8. The reality is that many economies around the world—and certainly the US economy—are dependent on workforces composed of many illegal aliens. This has been a significant issue in the United States and many other industrialized nations that offer relatively safe, high paying jobs to people
7. Combined with this drive to provide public funding for religious and other private schools has been an unprecedented tsunami of assaults on the public schools serving 90 percent of our K-12 students. These assaults involve wholesale slashing of public school budgets, layoffs of teachers and
6. The Internet is probably the most powerful invention in the history of humankind. Yet, it is arguably the most dangerous. Never before have so many people been able to disseminate information, ideas, and suggestions into the public discourse. That is the power of the tool.The ability for any
5. Is it not the great defect of our education today . . . that although we often succeed in teaching our pupils “subjects,” we fail lamentably on the whole in teaching them how to think: they learn everything except the art of learning. It is as though we had taught a child mechanically and by
4. Steve: The Hippocratic Oath, which states doctors must do everything within their power to keep the patient alive, is also a problem.Carrie: But the idea of the Hippocratic Oath is a problem. It says, “So far as power and discernment shall be mine, I will carry out the regimen for the benefit
3. Anne: Technology has affected every single part of this issue. We can prolong life or not depending on what tools we choose to use.Carrie: Yes, technology is a big one.Anne: I don’t really feel that technology is just the mechanical aspect. It’s chemical, biological, physical, everything.
2. But it was when Abbado had the orchestra to himself in the Tchaikovsky Marche Slave that the real magic showed. This hackneyed piece was treated with respect, and Abbado built it steadily to one final climax rather than playing each eruption as a show-stopping event.[The following two arguments
1. It is the chemical firms that release the most troubling types of molecules into the environment.In Baton Rouge, according to company data, an Exxon chemical plant was leaking 560,000 pounds of benzene yearly, while just south of there, according to a survey by the Sierra Club, eighteen plants
Using Models. Using the arguments developed in Box 2.1, diagram any of the arguments using Toulmin’s model. Include claims, data, warrant, backing, qualifiers, and reservations. Take the same argument and use the Co-Orientational Model to diagram it. Identify the claim, evidence, reasoning, and
What argument fields are you associated with? Using the description of fields presented in the text, how would you characterize these fields?
We have discussed the role of argument fields in■ Providing grounds for decisions■ Implying requirements for what audiences expect from argument■ Implying rules arguers will follow in argumentation One example of a field in which argument occurs is medicine. Based on what you know about
Developing Critical Thinking. The United States is suffering from an overweight and obesity epidemic and it is not alone. The World Health Organization (WHO) has reported that more than 1.4 billion adults, age 20 and older, worldwide are overweight and more than 500 million of these people are
Identifying Arguments. Can you distinguish a statement that is an argument from one that is not? Remember that an argument A. Puts forth a claim B. Offers support for it C. M akes an attempt to influence someone Now, consider the following statement:If it rains tomorrow, I’m going home.This is
As this section pointed out, we all belong to many fields. And, as we discussed, fields can be defined along five dimensions: human creation, specialized language and rules, membership in multiple fields, and common purpose. Using these categories:1. Can you demonstrate that “higher education”
4. Did you find any arguments that were not very good? What made them weak? How would you have strengthened them? Each year, more than 2 billion people worldwide participate in and watch beauty contests. In fact, beyond the many local and regional contests, there are more than fifty world beauty
3. Do you think these are good arguments? Are any issues or ideas missing? If you had been in the conversation, what would you have added? Each year, more than 2 billion people worldwide participate in and watch beauty contests. In fact, beyond the many local and regional contests, there are more
2. If you were Kaidren, what would your next argument be if this conversation continued?How do you think Ramona would respond? Each year, more than 2 billion people worldwide participate in and watch beauty contests. In fact, beyond the many local and regional contests, there are more than fifty
1. Which arguer did a better job—Kaidren or Ramona? Why? Is it because her arguments support a position you already agree with? Or is it because she helped you understand something new and different that convinced you?Each year, more than 2 billion people worldwide participate in and watch beauty
Choose a problem or question for analysis from your major or a subject of interest.b. Restate the main question as a declarative sentence in your audience and purpose statement.c. Identify an audience—other than your instructor—that will use your information for a specific purpose.d. Hold a
Customers who knew what was going on stopped buying from the business.b. There are forty employees who have already expressed a desire to attend the training program in January.c. All things considered, the retail store’s sales figures are in better shape now than ever before.d. This is because
Revise your working outline as needed.b. Document each source of information. (See Appendix A).c. Write your final draft according to “Checklist: The Research Process” in Chapter 8.d. Proofread carefully. Add front and end matter supplements (Chapter 22).Due Dates: To Be Assigned by Your
In your research, begin with general works for an overview, and then consult more specific sources.b. Skim the sources, looking for high points.c. Take notes selectively (see Appendix A, “Taking Notes”), summarize (see Chapter 9), and record each source.d. Plan and administer questionnaires,
Choose a topic that affects you, your workplace, or your community directly.b. Develop a tree chart (See Figure 7.2 in this chapter) to help you ask the right questions.c. Complete an audience and use profile. (See Chapter 2, “Develop and Audience and Use Profile.”)d. Narrow your topic,
Online, locate the social media policies of 3–6 organizations (colleges, universities, nonprofits, companies). Review these policies, making a list of items they have in common as well as differences. Pay special attention to issues of word choice, tone, and privacy. Use what you learn to draft a
Prepare short presentations of your findings in both the previous projects.
YouTube is one of the most visited Web sites in the world with 1.6 billion organic searches. Find out the top five visited Web sites in your country or region. What makes these Web sites so popular?
Blogs measure their popularity and reach not only by counting the number of visitors, but also the number of mentions or links other Web sites and blogs have made to them. Find the current top ten blogs. Assess their subject matter and intended audience and see if you can find any commonalties.
Watch any live presentation and write a report analyzing the effects of any observed pitfalls. Share the report with your instructor for feedback.
As an alternate term project to the formal analytical report (Chapter 21), develop a long proposal for solving a problem, improving a situation, or satisfying a need in your school, community, or job. Choose a subject sufficiently complex to justify a formal proposal, a topic requiring research
Write a research proposal to your instructor (or an interested third party) requesting approval for your final term project (a formal analytical report or formal proposal). Verify that adequate primary and secondary sources are available. Convince your audience of the soundness and usefulness of
After identifying your primary and secondary audience, write a short planning proposal for improving an unsatisfactory situation in the classroom, on the job, or in your dorm or apartment (e.g., poor lighting, drab atmosphere, health hazards, poor seating arrangements). Choose a problem or
Review both of your previous projects with a classmate and compare your reports. Are there any key differences or similarities in your goals and habits? What value would you place on reports such as these?
Weekly reports are used in business for remote workers such as sales representatives to detail their activities over the course of a week. Employers often require them to provide a record of calls made, visits to customers, time spent on-site, etc. Create a weekly report of all your
University is often a great time to learn something new, such as a sport, a hobby, or a language. Create a progress or status report on any new activity that you may have taken up and keep track of related events over the next month. Use this report as a timeline guide with your intended overall
Find a set of instructions or some other technical document that is easy to use. Assume that you are Associate Director of Communications for the company that produced this document and you are doing a final review before the document is released. With “Checklist: Instructions and Procedures”
Select any one of the instructional visuals in Figure 19.4 and write a prose version of those instructions—without using visual illustrations or special page design. Bring your version to class and be prepared to discuss the conclusions you’ve derived from this exercise.
Assume that colleagues or classmates will be serving six months as volunteers in agriculture, education, or a similar capacity in a developing country. Do the research and create a set of procedures that will prepare individuals for avoiding diseases and dealing with medical issues in that specific
Select part of a technical manual in your field or instructions for a general audience and make a copy of the material. Using “Checklist: Instructions and Procedures” in this chapter, evaluate the sample’s usability. In a memo to your instructor, discuss the strong and weak points of the
Improve readability by revising the style and design of these instructions.What to Do Before Jacking Up Your Car Whenever the misfortune of a flat tire occurs, some basic procedures should be followed before the car is jacked up. If possible, your car should be positioned on as firm and level a
Create a one-page advertisement or brochure page for the Icelandic product you have chosen.
Write a technical marketing document and a basic factsheet for the Icelandic product you have chosen.
Following on from the previous project, now identify the audience for the product of your choosing. Focus on the audience in your own country, but if you do not think there is a market for your chosen product, then opt for a global audience.
Iceland may not be the biggest producer of wool in the world, but its unique sheep wool is used to create handbags, skirts, and a host of other products. The boutiques on Laugavegur and Skolavordustigur in Reykjavik are renowned for their exclusive style. Research a unique Icelandic wool product
Imagine that you have been tasked with providing a nontechnical explanation to staff and students of the university regarding social distancing, mask wearing, and maintaining personal hygiene in the battle against COVID-19. You cannot assume that all students have the same level of understanding of
An e-portfolio may not be the perfect solution for all job applicants in all disciplines. Evaluate the utility of portfolios in your own discipline and create one in response to the nature of jobs available.
You have just seen a post on your university’s Facebook page that says that they are looking for people to work at open days for new students. You have checked the dates, and they do not clash with your classes or exams.You have quickly jotted down a response, but you think it needs some
Carry out an online job search for a role in your discipline, considering your level of experience and background.Research the application requirements. What online and offline resources did you use to conduct your research, and how were they useful? Which aspects of the search did you find the
Business jargon sneaks into everyday memos, letters, and emails. Replace each of the following words with something more meaningful:a. Actionableb. Bandwidthc. Incentivized. Leveragee. Offlinef. Optimize g. Robust h. Skillage i. Sweet Spot
While doing your research, you come across a name repeatedly. This person has done exemplary work in your field and you would like to interview them to know their views and opinions on an issue. Write a letter requesting for an informative interview.
Write a claim letter about a problem you’ve had with a product or a service. State your case clearly and objectively and request a specific adjustment.
Write an application letter to a potential employer to accompany your CV. It should be a general cover letter that can be adapted, if needed.
Read the following memorandum and identify the style, tone, grammar, and information errors.To: Rosie Canwell From: Lynn Wong Subject: Graduate Application Date:We have gotten around to reviewing your application for graduate study at the university.Competition for places was fierce this year,
I’ve also shifted the venue to the new meeting room on the 3rd floor. Hope you can make it. By the way, we’ll be talking about the report at some point so perhaps you could do a bit of preparation?See you then and thanks for the hard work.Bernice
Amend the following email so that the meaning is clearer, and the recipient knows what is expected of them.Subject: Revisions for Research Report Hi Daniel, Thanks for sending your report last week. I read it over the weekend. I think that the findings need to have a more complete set of figures
Email is not always the most appropriate form of communication in the workplace. It has a number of severe limitations, and it should not be used to avoid essential face-to-face communication or have complex discussions.List five situations in the workplace where other methods of communication
A style guide is a set of standards covering grammar and the use of words, colors, and visuals. The guide helps to ensure that an organization’s published material is consistent and recognizable. A style guide is usually around 4–5 pages long. It should include formatting styles, tone, and
You are given the responsibility of designing a document that should incorporate a basic manual for a product, a series of installation steps, and a section warning about electrical hazards. Which specific design formats would you consider using?
Many documents are read both in hard copy and soft copy (PDF or eBook). Find an example of a document that you think is well-designed for both formats. In a memo to your instructor, explain why this design is effective for both formats. Now find an example of a document which works well in hard
Rewrite the headings from these job advertisements to make them parallel.a. At the front desk, your duties are to answer the telephone, to work the computer, and assisting customers.b. We want a candidate who has a sense of commitment, a good record in work, and who has experience in customer
Anywhere on campus or at work, locate a visual that needs revision for accuracy, clarity, appearance, or appropriateness. Look at lab manuals, newsletters, financial aid or admissions brochures, student or faculty handbooks, newspapers, textbooks, Web sites, social media pages. Using the planning
In textbooks or professional journal articles, locate each of these visuals: a table, a multiple-bar graph, a multiline graph, a diagram, and a photograph. Evaluate each according to the revision checklist, and discuss the most effective visual in class.
Devise a pie chart to depict your yearly expenses. Title and discuss the chart.
Devise an organization chart showing the lines of responsibility and authority in an organization where you work.
Choose the most appropriate visual for illustrating each of these relationships.a. A comparison of three top brands of skis, according to cost, weight, durability, and edge control.b. A breakdown of your monthly budget.c. The percentage of college graduates finding desirable jobs within three
In the final quarter, the business has introduced two new categories: dried beans and rice. The number of customers was 2,200 and 3,100, respectively. Average sales value per customer was $2.77 and $3.88. Create a pie chart to show the share of each product in the total income of the fourth quarter.
Assume that the average amount spent by a fruit customer is $5.34, a vegetable customer $6.26, and a dairy customer $7.22. Create the most appropriate visual to compare the income from each category over the four quarters.
Using the same data as above, choose the most appropriate visual to illustrate the fluctuations of customers by category over the four quarters.
A small fresh produce store has three product categories: fruits, vegetables, and dairy. As most products are sold by weight or volume, they simply note down the primary product being purchased by each customer. They have been compiling the sales data over the past four quarters. In the first
For each document below, use the outlining strategy described in the “An Outlining Strategy” section of this chapter to list the topics that need to be covered. Then, organize your list into a formal outline (see “The Formal Outline” in this chapter) most suited to readers of this
Find a long article (at least five pages) and summarize it, following the step-by-step process described in this chapter, and keeping accuracy, completeness, conciseness, and nontechnical language always in mind. Capture the essence and the main points of the original article in no more than
Find an article about your major field or area of interest and write both an informative abstract and a descriptive abstract for that article.
To make your work credible, you should evaluate your sources. You will also need to evaluate the evidence you have gathered and then interpret your findings. It is also important that you do not succumb to unethical reasoning. Choose a research paper or document related to your discipline and carry
You have been asked to assess the parking facilities for students at your university, taking into consideration all forms of transport used by students. You have also been asked to write a report to share your findings to help the university upgrade its parking facilities. Using the Fourfold
Think about the meetings that you might have attended on campus, or somewhere you have worked or volunteered.Do all meetings have an agenda? How does defining the agenda impact the discussion between different members attending the meeting? Who coordinates the meetings? What happens in meetings
Sometimes managers and employees find themselves in difficult situations where they must balance their selfinterests with that of employers, customers, or the public. Sometimes it is impossible to choose the right path.Find an example in your own country or region of an individual who had
Read the article “Is there a way to check Plagiarism in Advertising?” (https://www.mxmindia.com/2019/10/isthere-a-way-to-check-plagiarism-in-advertising/). This article looks at the problem of pitching ideas and concepts to a client, failing to get the job, and then finding out that a
The use of sky lanterns has been a contested issue. In 2019, in certain parts of the U.K. there was a campaign to ban the use of sky lanterns. Some groups cited risks of fire and damage to wildlife, property, aircrafts, and even lives in order to justify the ban. Yet others focus on the
Governmental and non-governmental campaigns on various issues often involve the release of letters, instructions, and guidance that are designed to be persuasive. These may seek to alter audience behavior or explain the necessity of implementing new rules. Find a recent example of such a document
You have been asked by a regional non-governmental organization to prepare a leaflet to promote recycling in your community. For this purpose, you are required to analyze your target audience and how it would respond to such a document. The NGO wants the audience to understand, engage with, and act
Find a short article from your field (or part of a long article or a selection from your text book for an advanced course). Choose a piece written at the highest level of technicality you can understand, and then rewrite a version of that piece suitable for a layperson, as in the example in Figure
There are three major purposes of technical communication: to anticipate or answer questions; to help in performing a task or following a procedure; and to influence thinking. Find one example of each that you have encountered in your institute and evaluate its effectiveness. You may refer to your
How much time do I have to prepare?
What equipment (laptop? projector? flip chart or white board?) is available?
How bright and adjustable is the lighting?
How large is the room?
How large is the audience?
How formal or informal is the setting?
Will other people be speaking before or after me?
How much time will I have to speak?
What do I want them to think, know, or do?
What are their biggest concerns or objections about this topic?
Do I want to motivate, mollify, inform, instruct, or warn my listeners?
How large is their stake in this topic (about layoffs, new policies, pay raises)?

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Technical Communication 15th Global Edition John Lannon, Laura Gurak - Solutions

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