Questions and Answers of Chemical Reaction Engineering

What if... you were asked to rework Example 1-2 to calculate the time to reduce the number of moles of A to 1% if its initial value for a constant volume BR, what would you say? Would you do it? If
Will or could there ever be a case where the CSTR volume is represented by something other than a square or rectangle on a Levenspiel plot?
AWFOS–S4 Swiss Cheese Model.1. What is the main purpose of implementing the Swiss Cheese Model in a workplace?2. Categorize engineering controls, administrative controls, behavioral controls, and
Read through all the problems at the end of this chapter. Make up and solve an original problem based on the material in this chapter.(a) Use real data and reactions from the literature.(b) Make up a
Are there steps in the Safety Analysis of the Incident that should be removed or added? If so, what are they?
Describe how the CRE algorithm will have to change when we have multiple and don’t use conversion to solve problems.
1. What is ethylene oxide’s relationship with oxidizing agents and how does this relate to the fire triangle?2. What makes stopping an ethylene oxide fire more difficult than normal?3. Explain how
What factors affect the enzymatic rate law and cell growth law both positive and negative ways.
What key points does the Process Safety Triangle want to emphasize? Which point do you think some companies have recently been required to report? What is the overall takeaway lesson from the Process
Go to the Web site (http://www.umich.edu/~elements/6e/10chap/iclicker_ch10_q1.html) and view at least five i>clicker questions. Choose one that could be used as is, or a variation thereof, to be
What if you were asked to sketch or explain the difference in the temperature–time trajectories and to find the catalyst lifetimes (say a = 0.1) for first- and for second-order decay when EA = 35
Write a question for this problem that involves critical thinking and explain why it involves critical thinking.
Example 11-2: Heat of Reaction.(1) What would the heat of reaction be if 50% inerts (e.g., helium) were added to the system?(2) What would be the % error if the ΔCP term were neglected?Example
The rate laws for heterogeneous reactions usually have concentration terms in both the numerator and denominator. How can this function come about?
Go to the Web site (http://www.umich.edu/~elements/6e/11chap/iclicker_ch11_q1.html) and view at least five i>clicker questions. Choose one that could be used as is, or a variation thereof, to be
A new energy efficiency saving device, the Turbo Retro Thermo Encabulator has been previewed in the following YouTube video (https://www.youtube.com/watch v=RXJKdh1KZ0w). Write a two-sentence
Go to the Web site (http://www.umich.edu/~elements/6e/12chap/iclicker_ch12_q1.html) and view five i>clicker questions. Choose one that could be used as is, or a variation thereof, to be included on
Review Figure 12-13. Use this figure to write a few sentences (or at least draw an analogy) explaining why, when you strike the head of a safety match slowly on its pumice with little pressure, it
Go to the LearnChemE screencast link for Chapter 12 (http://www.umich.edu/~elements/6e/12chap/learn-cheme-videos.html). View one or more of the screencast 5- to 6-minute videos and write a
How would your answers change in Example 14-3 if you had a 50–50 mixture of hydrazine and helium? If you increase dp by a factor of 5?Example 14-3There is a 100 micron carbon dust particle in air
Go to the LearnChemE screencast link for Chapter 14 (http://www.learncheme.com/screencasts/kinetics-reactor design). View one or more of the screencast 5-to 6-minute videos and write a two-sentence
What if the temperature in the CRE Web site Professional Reference Shelf Example R15.2 were increased? How would the relative resistances in the slurry reactor change?
1. What is the NFPA diamond and why is it important?2. Go to Wikipedia and search ethylene oxide to find the NFPA diamond numbers.3. Draw the NFPA diamond for the chemicals propylene, isohexane, and
Go to the Chapter 2 Video Screencasts Web page (http://www.umich.edu/~elements/6e/02chap/learn-cheme-videos.html).1. View one or more of the screencast 5- to 6-minute videos and write a two-sentence
List the important concepts that you learned from this chapter. What concepts are you not clear about?1. Explain the strategy to evaluate reactor design equations and how this chapter expands on
How do you think the rate of reaction, –rA, will depend on species concentrations and on temperature?
How would you rate the level importance of the GHS diamonds from 1 to 9 (9 being highest). For example, is having the gas cylinder label more important than exclamation mark, if so, why? What are the
AWFOS–S3 Could you, if possible, fit the various nine GHS diamonds into the four NFPA diamonds?
It was a dark late August night with a full moon. Nevertheless, not fearing for my own safety as to what might be lurking, I took my voice recorder outside where I followed the sound to a nearby bush
Under what conditions will the concentration of the inert nitrogen be constant? Plot Equation (E4-5.2) in terms of (1/–rA) as a function of X up to value of X = 0.99. What did you find?Equation
What are the differences in writing the concentrations as a function of conversion for gas-phase and liquid-phase reactions?
Would the example be correct if water were considered an inert? Explain.
Can you name the English rock group that was famous worldwide in the 1970s and 1980s and whose lead singer was Freddie Mercury? The group had a resurgence in 2019 when Adam Lambert took over for
What did you learn from the Swiss Cheese Model (e.g., make a list)?
How do the steps in the design of a CSTR differ from those of a CSTR or a PFR with pressure drop?
If it takes 11 minutes to cook spaghetti in Ann Arbor, Michigan, and 14 minutes in Boulder, Colorado, how long would it take in Cuzco, Peru? Discuss ways to make the spaghetti more tasty. If you
Describe how would your reactor volume and number of reactors change if you only needed 50% conversion to produce the 200 million pounds per year required?
How would the pressure drop and pressure-drop parameters, α and β0, change if the particle diameter were reduced by 25%?
View the YouTube video titled CSTR to the tune of “It’s fun to stay at the YMCA” (https://www.youtube.com/watch? v=AkM67QsTq3E) made by the chemical reaction engineering students at the
Go to the Web site www.engr.ncsu.edu/learningstyles/ilsweb.html. Take the Inventory of Learning Style test, and record your learning style according to the Soloman/Felder inventory, and then use
(a) Without referring back, make a list of the most important items you learned in this chapter.(b) Overall, what do you believe were the three major purposes of the chapter?
How would you modify Table 6-2 fora. A constant-volume gas-phase reaction, andb. A variable-volume gas-phase reaction?Table 6-2 1. Mole
Go to the five LearnChemE screencasts link for Chapter 5 (http://www.umich.edu/~elements/6e/05chap/learn-cheme-videos.html).1. In the screencast of the PBR with pressure drop, is there a problem
AWFOS–S5 View the CSB video (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-_ZLQkn7X-k) and then research the conclusion as to whether or not the safety analysis of the incident is complete.
What are the steps in the CRE algorithm that must be added when conversion is not used as a variable and which step is usually the most difficult to implement?
Go to the Web site (http://www.umich.edu/~elements/6e/06chap/iclicker_ch6_q1.html) and view at least five i>clicker questions. Choose one that could be used as is, or a variation thereof, to be
What are the similarities and differences between the BowTie Diagram, the Safety Analysis of the Incident, and the Swiss Cheese Model?
What if you were asked to explore the example problems in this chapter to learn the effects of varying the different parameters? This sensitivity analysis can be carried out by downloading the
Go to the LearnChemE screencasts link for Chapter 6 (http://www.learncheme.com/screencasts/kinetics-reactor-design).a. View one or more of the screencast 5- to 6-minute videos and write a two
1. Listen to the audioson the CRE Web site. Pick one and say why it could be eliminated.2. Create an original problem based on Chapter 7 material.3. Design an experiment for the undergraduate
Example 7-1. What is the error in assuming the concentration of species B is constant and what limits can you put on the calculated value of k? (i.e., k = 0.24 ±?)Example 7-1The liquid-phase
If you need to determine the rate law, what methods would you use to collect the data and how would you analyze it?
Go to the Web site (http://www.umich.edu/~elements/6e/07chap/iclicker_ch7_q1.html) and view at least five i>clicker questions. Choose one that could be used as is, or a variation thereof, to be
Which of the four Safety Snippets Videos most impressed you with getting across the safety aspect that the video was trying to highlight? Which of the four 1- to 2-minute Snippets Videos was the most
Schematic diagrams of the Los Angeles basin are shown in Figure P1-2B. The basin floor covers approximately 700 square miles (2 × 1010 ft2) and is almost completely surrounded by mountain ranges. If
Go to Chapter 1 Evaluation on the Web site. Click on i>Clicker Questions (http://www.umich.edu/~elements/6e/01chap/iclicker_ch1_q1.html) and view at least five i>clicker questions. Choose one that
This problem focuses on using Polymath, an ordinary differential equation (ODE) solver, and also a nonlinear equation (NLE) solver. These equation solvers will be used extensively in later chapters.
Find the Interactive Computer Games (ICG) on the CRE Web site (http://www.umich.edu/~elements/6e/icg/index.html). Read the description of the Kinetic Challenge module
The reaction A + B → 2C takes place in an unsteady CSTR. The feed is only A and B in equimolar proportions. Which of the following sets of equations gives the correct set of mole balances on A, B,
Write a paragraph describing both the content goals and the intellectual goals of the course and text. Also describe what’s on the Web site and how the Web site can be used with the text and course.
The reaction A → B is to be carried out isothermally in a continuous-flow reactor. The entering volumetric flow rate υ0 is 10 dm3/h. FA = CAυ. For a constant volumetric flow rate υ = υ0, then
Enrico Fermi was an Italian physicist who received the Nobel Prize for his work on nuclear processes. Fermi was famous for his “Back of the Envelope Order of Magnitude Calculation” to obtain an
Go to Chapter 1 Extra Help on the Web site and click on LearnChemE ScreenCasts (http://www.umich.edu/~elements/6e/01chap/learn-chemevideos.html). Choose one of the LearnChemE videos and critique it
Go to Chapter 1 Extra Help on the Web site and click on LearnChemE ScreenCasts (http://www.umich.edu/~elements/6e/01chap/learn-chemevideos.html) the How to Study screencast and list three ways that
Go to Extra Help then click on Videos of Tips on Studying and Learning. Go to Chapter 1 (http://www.umich.edu/~elements/6e/01chap/obj.html#/videotips/).1. View one of the 5- to 6-minute video
An RTD experiment was carried out in a nonideal reactor that gave the following results:a. What are the mean residence time, tm, and variance σ2?b. What is the fraction of the fluid that spends a
Consider the RTD functionE(t)={A−B(t0−t)30}for 0≤t2t0a. Sketch E(t) and F(t).b. Calculate tm and σ2.c. What are the restrictions (if any) on A, B, and t0?
Evaluate the first moment about the mean m1=∫0∞(t−τ) E(t)dt E(t)dt for an ideal PFR, a CSTR, and a laminar-flow reactor.
Gasoline shortages in the United States have produced long lines of motorists at service stations. The table below shows a distribution of the times required to obtain gasoline at 23 Center County
The volumetric flow rate through a reactor is 10 dm3/min. A pulse test gave the following concentration measurements at the outlet:a. Plot the external-age distribution E(t) as a function of time.b.
An RTD analysis was carried out on a liquid-phase reactor (Chem. Eng. J. 1, 76 (1970)). Analyze the following data:a. Plot the E(t) curve for these data.b. What fraction of the material spends
An irreversible first-order reaction takes place in a long cylindrical reactor. There is no change in volume, temperature, or viscosity. The use of the simplifying assumption that there is plug flow
Show that for a first-order reaction A → B the exit concentration maximum mixedness equation dCAdλ=kCA+E(A)1-F(A)(CA-CAO) (P17-3.1) is the same as the exit concentration given by the segregation
The first-order reaction A → B with k = 0.8 min–1 is carried out in a real reactor with the following RTD function:The Hemi or half circle curve is drawn touching the horizontal axis between the
The following E(t) curves were obtained from a tracer test on two tubular reactors in which dispersion is believed to occur. A second-order reaction A→kBwithkCA0=0.2 min−1is to be carried out in
The RTD for a nonideal reactor is shown in Figure P17-6B. What is the conversion predicted by the tanks-in-series model for a first-order reaction?A→k1Ba. with k1 = 0.4 min–1?b. with k1 = 0.4
The third-order liquid-phase reaction with an entering concentration of 2M A→k3B was carried out in a reactor that has the following RTD:E(t)=0fort2 mina. For isothermal operation, what is the
What if someone suggested you could use the solution to the flow-dispersion-reactor equation, Equation (18-18), for a second-order equation by linearizing the rate law by lettering
A gas-phase reaction is being carried out in a 5-cm-diameter tubular reactor that is 2 m in length. The velocity inside the pipe is 2 cm/s. As a very first approximation, the gas properties can be
A tubular reactor has been sized to obtain 98% conversion and to process 0.03 m3/s. The reaction is a first-order irreversible isomerization. The reactor is 3 m long, with a cross-sectional area of
The following E(t) curve was obtained from a tracer test on a reactor.E(t)=0.25t04 t in minutes, and E(t) in min–1. The conversion predicted by the tanks-in-series model for the isothermal
Revisit Problem P16-3 where the RTD function is a hemicircle. The liquid-phase reaction is first order with k1 = 0.8 min–1. What is the conversion predicted bya. The tanks-in-series model?b. The
Revisit Problem P16-5B. The liquid-phase reaction A → B is third order with k3 = 0.3 dm6/mol2 min and CA0 = 2M.a. What combination of ideal reactors would you use to model the RTD?b. What are the
Below in Figure P18-11b are two COMSOL simulations for a laminar-flow reactor with heat effects: Run 1 and Run 2. The following figures show the cross section plot of concentration for species A at
The F-curves for two tubular reactors are shown in Figure P18-15B for a closed-closed system.The graph shows the F-curves for reactors 1 and 2. The F value increases in both cases. Curve 1 is concave
Consider the following system in Figure P18-16C used to model a real reactor:The figure shows a tubular reactor of volume V subscript 1 and another cylindrical reactor of volume V subscript 2. The
The following E-curve shown in Figure P18-18b was obtained from a tracer test:E-curve for a nonideal reactor.a. What is the mean residence time?b. What is the Péclet number for a closed-closed
The gas-phase isomerization A → B is to be carried out in a flow reactor. Experiments were carried out at a volumetric flow rate of υ0 = 2 dm3/min in a reactor that had the following RTD E(t) = 10
Make up and solve an original problem. The guidelines are given in Problem VO do Ub UR VO
The second-order liquid-phase reaction A → B + C is to be carried out isothermally. The entering concentration of A is 1.0 mol/dm3. The specific reaction rate is 1.0 dm3/mol=min. A number of used
Gaseous A absorbs and reacts with B in liquid according toin a packed bed under conditions whereAt a point in the reactor where pA = 100 Pa and CB = 100 mol/m3 liquid(a) Calculate the rate of
Gaseous A absorbs and reacts with B in liquid according toin a packed bed under conditions whereAt a point in the reactor where pA = 100 Pa and CB = 100 mol/m3 liquid(a) Calculate the rate of
Gaseous A absorbs and reacts with B in liquid according toin a packed bed under conditions whereAt a point in the reactor where pA = 100 Pa and CB = 100 mol/m3 liquid(a) Calculate the rate of
Gaseous A absorbs and reacts with B in liquid according toin a packed bed under conditions whereAt a point in the reactor where pA = 100 Pa and CB = 100 mol/m3 liquid(a) Calculate the rate of
Gaseous A absorbs and reacts with B in liquid according toin a packed bed under conditions whereAt a point in the reactor where pA = 100 Pa and CB = 100 mol/m3 liquid(a) Calculate the rate of
Gaseous A absorbs and reacts with B in liquid according toin a packed bed under conditions whereAt a point in the reactor where pA = 100 Pa and CB = 100 mol/m3 liquid(a) Calculate the rate of
Redo Example 23.1 with just one change. Let us suppose that CB is very low, or CB = 1.Example 23.1Air with gaseous A bubbles through a tank containing aqueous B. Reaction occurs as follows:For this
At high pressure CO2 is absorbed into a solution of NaOH in a packed column. The reaction is as follows:Find the rate of absorption, the controlling resistance, and what is happening in the liquid
We plan to remove about 90% of the A present in a gas stream by absorption in water which contains reactant B. Chemicals A and B react in the liquid as follows:B has a negligible vapor pressure,
Hydrogen sulfide is absorbed by a solution of methanolamine (MEA) in a packed column. At the top of the column, gas is at 20 atm and it contains 0.1% of H2S, while the absorbent contains 250 mol/m3

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