Questions and Answers of Chemical Reaction Engineering

The elementary, irreversible gas-phase reaction A → B + C is carried out adiabatically in a PFR packed with a catalyst. Pure A enters the reactor at a volumetric flow rate of 20 dm3/s, at a
A pulse of radioactive Ba-140 was injected into a 10-in. pipeline (25.5 cm ID) 293 km long used for pumping petroleum products (u = 81.7 cm/s, Re = 2400) from Rangely, Colorado to Salt Lake City,
A step experiment is made on a reactor. The results are shown in Fig. P11.4.(a) Is the material balance consistent with the tracer curve?(b) If so, determine the vessel volume V, t, the F curve, and
Substance A in a liquid reacts to produce R and S as follows:A feed (CA0 = 1, CR0 = 0, CS0= 0) enters two mixed flow reactors in series, (τ1 = 2.5 min, τ2 = 5 min). Knowing the composition in the
Under ultraviolet radiation, reactant A of CA0 = 10 kmol/m3 in a process stream (v = 1m3/min) decomposes as follows.We wish to design a reactor setup for a specific duty. Sketch the scheme selected,
Under ultraviolet radiation, reactant A of CA0 = 10 kmol/m3 in a process stream (v = 1m3/min) decomposes as follows.We wish to design a reactor setup for a specific duty. Sketch the scheme selected,
Under ultraviolet radiation, reactant A of CA0 = 10 kmol/m3 in a process stream (v = 1m3/min) decomposes as follows.We wish to design a reactor setup for a specific duty. Sketch the scheme selected,
The stoichiometry of a liquid-phase decomposition is known to beIn a series of steady-state flow experiments (CA0 = 100, CRO = CSO = 0) in a laboratory mixed flow reactor the following results are
The stoichiometry of a liquid-phase decomposition is known to beIn a series of steady-state flow experiments (CA0 = 100, CRO = CSO = 0) in a laboratory mixed flow reactor the following results are
Water containing a short-lived radioactive species flows continuously through a well-mixed holdup tank. This gives time for the radioactive material to decay into harmless waste. As it now operates,
A liquid reactant stream (1 mol/liter) passes through two mixed flow reactors in a series. The concentration of A in the exit of the first reactor is 0.5 mol/liter. Find the concentration in the exit
An aqueous reactant stream (4 mol A/liter) passes through a mixed flow reactor followed by a plug flow reactor. Find the concentration at the exit of the plug flow reactor if in the mixed flow
Reactant A (A→R, CA0 = 26 mol/m3) passes in steady flow through four equal-size mixed flow reactors in series (τtotal = 2 min). When steady state is achieved the concentration of A is found to be
Originally we had planned to lower the activity of a gas stream containing radioactive Xe-138 (half-life = 14 min) by having it pass through two holdup tanks in series, both well mixed and of such
At 100°C pure gaseous A reacts away with stoichiometry 2A → R + S in a constant volume batch reactor as follows:What size of plug flow reactor operating at 100°C and 1 atm can treat 100 moles
We wish to treat 10 liters/min of liquid feed containing 1 mol A/liter to 99% conversion. The stoichiometry and kinetics of the reaction are given bySuggest a good arrangement for doing this using
From steady-state kinetics runs in a mixed flow reactor, we obtain the following data on the reaction A→R.Find the space time needed to treat a feed of CA0 = 100 mmollliter to 80% conversion(a) In
Aqueous feed containing reactant A (CA0 = 2 mol/liter) enters a plug flow reactor (10 liter) which has a provision for recycling a portion of the flowing stream. The reaction kinetics and
At present we have 90% conversion of a liquid feed (n = 1, CA0 = 10 mol/liter) to our plug flow reactor with recycle of product (R = 2). If we shut off the recycle stream, by how much will this lower
Consider the autocatalytic reaction A → R, with - rA= 0.001 CACR mol/liter · s. We wish to process 1.5 liters/s of a CAo = 10 mol/liter feed to the highest conversion possible in the reactor
A first-order liquid-phase reaction, 92% conversion, is taking place in a mixed flow reactor. It has been suggested that a fraction of the product stream, with no additional treatment, be recycled.
100 liters/hr of radioactive fluid having a half-life of 20 hr is to be treated by passing it through two ideal stirred tanks in series, V = 40 000 liters each. In passing through this system, how
At present the elementary liquid-phase reaction A + B → R + S takes place in a plug flow reactor using equimolar quantities of A and B. Conversion is 96%, CA0 = CB0 = 1 mol/liter. If a mixed flow
The kinetics of the aqueous-phase decomposition of A is investigated in two mixed flow reactors in series, the second having twice the volume of the first reactor. At steady state with a feed
Using a color indicator which shows when the concentration of A falls below 0.1 mol/liter, the following scheme is devised to explore the kinetics of the decomposition of A. A feed of 0.6 mol A/liter
The elementary irreversible aqueous-phase reaction A + B → R + S is carried out isothermally as follows. Equal volumetric flow rates of two liquid streams are introduced into a 4-liter mixing tank.
At room temperature the second-order irreversible liquid-phase reaction proceeds as follows:A batch reactor takes 18 min to fill and empty. What percent conversion and reaction time should we use so
For an irreversible first-order liquid-phase reaction (CA0 = 10 mol/liter) conversion is 90% in a plug flow reactor. If two-thirds of the stream leaving the reactor is recycled to the reactor
Reactant A decomposes with stoichiometry A→R and with rate dependent only on CA. The following data on this aqueous decomposition are obtained in a mixed flow reactor:Determine which setup, plug
At present conversion is 2/3 for our elementary second-order liquid reaction 2A→2R when operating in an isothermal plug flow reactor with a recycle ratio of unity. What will be the conversion if
We wish to explore various reactor setups for the transformation of A into R. The feed contains 99% A, 1% R; the desired product is to consist of 10% A, 90% R. The transformation takes place by means
Consider a gas-phase reaction 2A→R + 2s with unknown kinetics. If a space velocity of 1/min is needed for 90% conversion of A in a plug flow reactor, find the corresponding space-time and mean
In an isothermal batch reactor 70% of a liquid reactant is converted in 13 min. What space-time and space-velocity are needed to effect this conversion in a plug flow reactor and in a mixed flow
A stream of aqueous monomer A (1 mol/liter, 4 liter/min) enters a 2-liter mixed flow reactor, is radiated therein, and polymerizes as followsIn the exit stream CA = 0.01 mol/liter, and for a
We plan to replace our present mixed flow reactor with one having double the volume. For the same aqueous feed (10 mol A/liter) and the same feed rate find the new conversion. The reaction kinetics
An aqueous feed of A and B (400 liter/min, 100 mmol A/liter, 200 mmol B/liter) is to be converted to product in a plug flow reactor. The kinetics of the reaction is represented byFind the volume of
A plug flow reactor (2 m3) processes an aqueous feed (100 liter/min) containing reactant A (CA0 = 100 mmol/liter). This reaction is reversible and represented byFirst find the equilibrium conversion
The off gas from a boiling water nuclear power reactor contains a whole variety of radioactive trash, one of the most troublesome being Xe-133 (half life = 5.2 days). This off gas flows continuously
A mixed flow reactor (2 m3) processes an aqueous feed (100 liter/min) containing reactant A (CA0 = 100 mmol/liter). The reaction is reversible and represented byWhat is the equilibrium conversion and
A specific enzyme acts as catalyst in the fermentation of reactant A. At a given enzyme concentration in the aqueous feed stream (25 liter/min) find the volume of plug flow reactor needed for 95%
A gaseous feed of pure A (2 mol/liter, 100 mol/min) decomposes to give a variety of products in a plug flow reactor. The kinetics of the conversion is represented byFind the expected conversion in a
An aqueous feed of A and B (400 liter/min, 100 mmol A/liter, 200 mmol B/liter) is to be converted to product in a mixed flow reactor. The kineticsof the reaction are represented byFind the volume of
Enzyme E catalyses the fermentation of substrate A (the reactant) to product R. Find the size of mixed flow reactor needed for 95% conversion of reactant in a feed stream (25 liter/min) of reactant
At 650°C phosphine vapor decomposes as follows:What size of plug flow reactor operating at 649°C and 11.4 atm is needed for 75% conversion of 10 mol/hr of phosphine in a 2/3 phosphine-1/3 inert
A stream of pure gaseous reactant A (CA0 = 660 mmol/liter) enters a plug flow reactor at a flow rate of FA, = 540 mmol/min and polymerizes there as followsHow large a reactor is needed to lower the
A gaseous feed of pure A (1 mol/liter) enters a mixed flow reactor (2 liters) and reacts as follows:Find what feed rate (liter/min) will give an outlet concentration CA = 0.5 mol/liter. 2A → R, -A
Gaseous reactant A decomposes as follows:Find the conversion of A in a 50% A-50% inert feed (v0 = 180 liter/min, CA0 = 300 mmol/liter) to a 1 m3 mixed flow reactor. A 3R, -A= (0.6 min-¹) CA
1 literls of a 20% ozone-80% air mixture at 1.5 atm and 93°C passes through a plug flow reactor. Under these conditions ozone decomposes by homogeneous reactionWhat size reactor is needed for 50%
A mixed flow reactor is being used to determine the kinetics of a reaction whose stoichiometry is A → R. For this purpose various flow rates of an aqueous solution of 100 mmol A/liter are fed to a
Pure gaseous A at about 3 atm and 30°C (120 mmollliter) is fed into a 1-liter mixed flow reactor at various flow rates. There it decomposes, and the exit concentration of A is measured for each flow
An aqueous feed containing A (1 mol/liter) enters a 2-liter plug flow reactor and reacts away.Find the outlet concentration of A for a feed rate of 0.5 liter/min. (2AR, -A= 0.05 C mol/liter s)-
For the reaction of Problem 5.21, what size of plug flow reactor would be needed for 80% conversion of a feed stream of 1000 mol A/hr at CA0 = 1.5 mol/liter?Problem 9.21We are planning to operate a
We are planning to operate a batch reactor to convert A into R. This is a liquid reaction, the stoichiometry is A → R, and the rate of reaction is given in Table P5.21. How long must we react each
(a) For the reaction of Problem 5.21, what size of mixed flow reactor is needed for 75% conversion of a feed stream of 1000 mol A/hr at CA0 = 1.2 mol/liter?(b) Repeat part (a) with the modification
A high molecular weight hydrocarbon gas A is fed continuously to a heated high temperature mixed flow reactor where it thermally cracks (homogeneous gas reaction) into lower molecular weight
The aqueous decomposition of A is studied in an experimental mixed flow reactor. The results in Table P5.25 are obtained in steady-state runs. To obtain 75% conversion of reactant in a feed, CA0 =
Repeat the previous problem but for a mixed flow reactor.Previous ProblemThe aqueous decomposition of A is studied in an experimental mixed flow reactor. The results in Table P5.25 are obtained in
The data in Table P5.28 have been obtained on the decomposition of gaseous reactant A in a constant volume batch reactor at 100°C. The stoichiometry of the reaction is 2A → R + S. What size plug
Repeat the previous problem for a mixed flow reactor.The data in Table P5.28 have been obtained on the decomposition of gaseous reactant A in a constant volume batch reactor at 100°C. The
The aqueous decomposition of A produces R as follows:The following results are obtained in a series of steady state runs, all having no R in the feed stream.From this kinetic information, find the
The following four problems consider an isothermal single-phase flow reactor operating at steady-state and constant pressure.Given a gaseous feed, CA0 = 100, CB0 = 200, A + B→R + S, XA = 0.8. Find
The following four problems consider an isothermal single-phase flow reactor operating at steady-state and constant pressure.Given a dilute aqueous feed, CA0, = CB0 = 100, A + 2B →R + S, CA = 20.
The following four problems consider an isothermal single phase flow reactor operating at steady-state and constant pressure.Given a gaseous feed, CA0 = 200, CB0 = 100, A + B→R, CA = 50. Find XA,
The following four problems consider an isothermal single-phase flow reactor operating at steady-state and constant pressure.Given a gaseous feed, CA0 = CB0 = 100, A + 2B → R , CB = 20. Find XA,
In the following two problems a continuous stream of fluid enters a vessel at temperature T0 and pressure no, reacts there, and leaves at T and π. Given a gaseous feed, To A + B 2R, T = 300 K,
In the following two problems a continuous stream of fluid enters a vessel at temperature T0 and pressure no, reacts there, and leaves at T and π. Given a gaseous feed, To 5R, T = 400 K, A +
A Commercial Popcorn Popping Popcorn Popper. We are constructing a 1-liter popcorn popper to be operated in steady flow. First tests in this unit show that 1 liter/min of raw corn feed stream
If - rA = -(dCA/dt) = 0.2 mol/liter · sec when CA = 1 mol/liter, what is the rate of reaction when CA = 10 mol/liter?
After 8 minutes in a batch reactor, reactant (CA0 = 1 mol/liter) is 80% converted; after 18 minutes, conversion is 90%. Find a rate equation to represent this reaction.
In a homogeneous isothermal liquid polymerization, 20% of the monomer disappears in 34 minutes for initial monomer concentration of 0.04 and also for 0.8 mollliter. What rate equation represents the
A 10-minute experimental run shows that 75% of liquid reactant is converted to product by a 1/2-order rate. What would be the fraction converted in a half-hour run?
Repeat the previous problem for second-order kinetics.Data from previous problem Liquid A decomposes by first-order kinetics, and in a batch reactor 50% of A is converted in a 5-minute run. How much
Liquid A decomposes by first-order kinetics, and in a batch reactor 50% of A is converted in a 5-minute run. How much longer would it take to reach 75% conversion?
Snake-Eyes Magoo is a man of habit. For instance, his Friday evenings are all alike-into the joint with his week's salary of $180, steady gambling at "2-up" for two hours, then home to his family
Find the overall order of the irreversible reactionfrom the following constant-volume data using equimolar amounts of hydrogen and nitric oxide: 2H₂ + 2NO N₂ + 2H₂O
Aqueous A reacts to form R (A → R) and in the first minute in a batch reactor its concentration drops from CA0 = 2.03 mol/liter to CAf = 1.97 mol/liter. Find the rate equation for the reaction if
The first-order reversible liquid reactiontakes place in a batch reactor. After 8 minutes, conversion of A is 33.3% while equilibrium conversion is 66.7%. Find the rate equation for this reaction.
Aqueous A at a concentration CA0 = 1 mol/liter is introduced into a batch reactor where it reacts away to form product R according to stoichiometry A → R. The concentration of A in the reactor is
Find the rate for the reaction of Problem 11.Data from Problem 11Aqueous A at a concentration CA0 = 1 mol/liter is introduced into a batch reactor where it reacts away to form product R according to
Betahundert Bashby likes to play the gaming tables for relaxation. He does not expect to win, and he doesn't, so he picks games in which losses are a given small fraction of the money bet. He plays
For the elementary reactions in series find the maximum concentration of R and when it is reached. Ak₁ RK²S, K₁=k₂, att=0 Ca = CAO, CRO = CSO Cso = 0
Repeat the above problem, except this time solve by the differential method.Data from above problemAt room temperature sucrose is hydrolyzed by the catalytic action of the enzyme sucrase as
At room temperature sucrose is hydrolyzed by the catalytic action of the enzyme sucrase as follows:Starting with a sucrose concentration CA0 = 1.0 millimol/liter and an enzyme concentration CEO =
An ampoule of radioactive Kr-89 (half life = 76 minutes) is set aside for a day. What does this do to the activity of the ampoule? Note that radioactive decay is a first-order process.
Enzyme E catalyzes the transformation of reactant A to product R as follows:If we introduce enzyme (CE0 = 0.001 mol/liter) and reactant (CA0 = 10 mol/liter) into a batch reactor and let the reaction
Find the conversion after 1 hour in a batch reactor for A R, -A= 3C05 mol liter.hr' CA0 = 1 mol/liter
A small reaction bomb fitted with a sensitive pressure-measuring device is flushed out and then filled with pure reactant A at 1-atm pressure. The operation is carried out at 25OC, a temperature low
The thermal decomposition of hydrogen iodideis reported by M. Bodenstein [Z. phys. chem., 29, 295 (1899)l as follows:Find the complete rate equation for this reaction. units of joules, moles, cm3 and
Find the first-order rate constant for the disappearance of A in the gas reaction A → 1.6R if the volume of the reaction mixture, starting with pure A increases by 50% in 4 min. The total pressure
Find the first-order rate constant for the disappearance of A in the gas reaction 2A → R if, on holding the pressure constant, the volume of them reaction mixture, starting with 80% A, decreases by
The presence of substance C seems to increase the rate of reaction of A and B, A + B → AB. We suspect that C acts catalytically by combining with one of the reactants to form an intermediate, which
When a concentrated urea solution is stored it slowly condenses to biuret by the following elementary reaction:To study the rate of condensation a sample of urea (C = 20 mollliter) is stored at
The following data are obtained at 0°C in a constant-volume batch reactor using pure gaseous A:The stoichiometry of the decomposition is A → 2.5R. Find a rate equation which satisfactorily
In the presence of a homogeneous catalyst of given concentration, aqueous reactant A is converted to product at the following rates, and C, alone determines this rate:We plan to run this reaction in
For the decomposition A → R, CA0 = 1 mol/liter, in a batch reactor conversion is 75% after 1 hour, and is just complete after 2 hours. Find a rate equation to represent these kinetics.
For the reaction A → R, second-order kinetics and CA0 = 1 mol/liter, we get 50% conversion after 1 hour in a batch reactor. What will be the conversion and concentration of A after 1 hour if CA0 =
For the enzyme-substrate reaction , the rate of disappearance of substrate is given byWhat are the units of the two constants? -TA 1760[A][E] 6+ CA mol/m³.s
A reaction with stoichiometric equationhas the following rate expressionWhat is the rate expression for this reaction if the stoichiometric equation is written as A + 2B = 2R + S? A+B A + B = R +
In the mid-nineteenth century the entomologist Henri Fabre noted that French ants (garden variety) busily bustled about their business on hot days but were rather sluggish on cool days. Checking his
On typical summer days, field crickets nibble, jump, and chirp now and then. But at a night when great numbers congregate, chirping seems to become a serious business and tends to be in unison. In

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