Questions and Answers of Chemical Reaction Engineering

a. Wolfram and Pythoni. Explain how I would change if the concentrations of CS2 and M were increased.ii. Explain how the light intensity varies with an increase in concentration of M.iii. Write two
Go to the LearnChemE screencast link for Chapter 9 (http://www.umich.edu/~elements/6e/09chap/learn-cheme-videos.html).1. View one of the screencast 5- to 6-minute video(1) PSSH,(2) Cell Growth,(3)
Go to the Web site (http://www.umich.edu/~elements/6e/09chap/iclicker_ch9_q1.html) and view at least five i>clicker questions. Choose one that could be used as is, or a variation thereof, to be
Go to Professor Herz’s Reactor Lab on the CRE Web site at www.reactorlab.net.a. Download Division 5, Lab 2 of the Reactor Lab from the CRE Web site for the selective oxidation of ethylene to
Solar thermal biochar gasification has also been studied at the University of Colorado (see Problem P8-16B). (Chemical Engineering and Processing: Process Intensification 48, 1279 (2009) and AIChE
Solar energy capture has great potential to help meet the world’s growing energy demand, which is 12 terawatts in 2010 and isexpected to rise to 36 terawatts in 2050. Professor Al Weiner and his
The ethylene epoxydation is to be carried out using a cesium-doped silver catalyst in a packed-bed reactor.Along with the desired reaction, the complete combustion of ethylene also occursIt is
The complex reactions involved in the oxidation of formaldehyde to formic acid over a Vanadium titanium oxide catalyst are shown below. Each reaction follows an elementary rate law.Sketch the trends
The gas-phase reactions take place isothermally in a membrane reactor packed with catalyst. Pure A enters the reactor at 24.6 atm and 500 K, and a flow rate of A of 10 mol/min.Sketch the trends or
In this problem, the complex reactions described below will first be carried out in the liquid phase (parts (a) through (d)) and then in the gas phase (parts (e) through (g)). One need not solve the
The following liquid-phase reactions were carried out in a CSTR at 325 K:Sketch the trends or results you expect before working out the details of the problem. The concentrations measured inside the
Terephthalic acid (TPA) finds extensive use in the manufacture of synthetic fibers (e.g., Dacron) and as an intermediate for polyester films (e.g., Mylar). The formation of potassium terephthalate
The elementary liquid-phase series reaction A→k1B→k2C is carried out in a 500-dm3 batch reactor. The initial concentration of A is 1.6 mol/dm3. The desired product is B, and separation of the
Consider the reactionA→k1D→k2UPure A is fed to a 1.0-dm3 CSTR where it reacts to form a desired product (D), which can then react further to produce an undesired product (U); both reactions are
For each of the following sets of reactions, describe your reactor system and conditions to maximize the selectivity to D. Make sketches where necessary to support your choices. The rates are in
Tarzlon is a liquid antibiotic that is taken orally to treat infections of the spleen. It is effective only if it can maintain a concentration in the bloodstream (based on volume of body fluid) above
Pharmacokinetics concerns the ingestion, distribution, reaction, and elimination reaction of drugs in the body. Consider the application of pharmacokinetics to one of the major problems we have in
Consider the following system of gas-phase reactions:A→XrX=k1CA1/2k1=0.004(mol/dm3)1/2⋅min−1A→BrB=k2CAk2=0.3 min−1A→YrY=k3CA2k3=0.25 dm3/mol⋅minB is the desired product, and X and Y are
The following reactionstake place in a batch reactor.Additional information:a. Plot and analyze conversion and the concentrations of A, D, and U as a function of time. When would you stop the
Download the Interactive Computer Game (ICG) The Great Race from the CRE Web site (http://www.umich.edu/~elements/6e/icm/index.html). Play the game and then record your performance number for the
a. Example 8-1: Trambouze ReactionsWolfram1. Fix k2 at 0.015 and then describe how the selectivity varies with k1 and k3.2. Write a conclusion about your experiments.Polymath3. What would have been
Go to the LearnChemE page for Extra Help in Chapter 8 on the Web (http://www.umich.edu/~elements/6e/08chap/learn-cheme-videos.html). Choose two or three of the screencasts.1. List five points that
1. Reactant A has been unsuccessful in courting/dating reactant B because of a completing reaction. The matchmaker advises that the only way a will succeed is to raise the temperature. Is this a
Go to the Web site (http://www.umich.edu/~elements/6e/08chap/iclicker_ch8_q1.html) and view at least five i>clicker questions. Choose one that could be used as is, or a variation thereof, to be
The thermal decomposition of isopropyl isocyanate was studied in a differential packed-bed reactor. From the data in Table P7-12A, determine the reactionrate-law parameters.TABLE P7-12A RAW DATA Run
Tests were run on a small experimental reactor used for decomposing nitrogen oxides in an automobile exhaust stream. In oneseries of tests, a nitrogen stream containing various concentrations of NO2
The reactions of ozone were studied in the presence of alkenes (from R. Atkinson et al., Int. J. Chem. Kinet., 15(8), 721). The data in Table P7-10C are for one of the alkenes studied, cis-2-butene.
In order to study the photochemical decay of aqueous bromine in bright sunlight, a small quantity of liquid bromine was dissolved in water contained in a glass battery jar and placed in direct
The following data were reported (from C. N. Hinshelwood and P. J. Ackey, Proc. R. Soc. [Lond]., A115, 215) for a gas-phase constant-volume decomposition of dimethyl ether at 504°C in a batch
The reaction A → B + C was carried out in a constant-volume batch reactor where the following concentration measurements were recorded as a function of time.Use nonlinear least squares (i.e.,
The liquid-phase irreversible reaction A → B + C is carried out in a CSTR. To learn the rate law, the volumetric flow rate, υ0, (hence τ = V/υ0) is varied and the effluent concentrations of
The irreversible isomerization A→B was carried out in a constant-volume batch reactor and the following concentration–time data were obtained:Determine the reaction order = and the specific
When arterial blood enters a tissue capillary, it exchanges oxygen and carbon dioxide with its environment, as shown in this diagram.The kinetics of this deoxygenation of hemoglobin in blood was
Skiing Hand Warmers. Once a year, Professor Dr. Sven Köttlov loves to go skiing with his students in the mountains of Jofostan. Before going, he retires to his basement in his small but adequate
1. Download the Interactive Computer Game (ICG) from the CRE Web site (http://www.umich.edu/~elements/6e/icm/ecology.html). Play the game and then record your performance number for the module that
a. The reaction A + B → C occurs in the liquid phase. The proposed empirical rate law is −rA=A exp(−E/RT)CAαCBβ. Look at the values of s2 as a function of α. At what value of α is s2
Go to the LearnChemE screencasts link for Chapter 7 (http://www.umich.edu/~elements/6e/07chap/learn-cheme-videos.html).1. View the two screencasts on nonlinear regression and describe or list any
An isothermal reversible reaction A ⇄ B is carried out in an aqueous solution. The reaction is first-order in both directions. The forward rate constant is 0.4 h–1 and the equilibrium constant is
Use the reaction data in Problem P6-11B and the molar flow rate algorithm to carry out the following problems:a. Calculate the CSTR volume to achieve 80% of the equilibrium conversion for an equal
Pure butanol is to be fed into a semibatch reactor containing pure ethyl acetate to produce butyl acetate and ethanol. The reactionCH3COOC2H5+C4H9OH ⇄ CH3COOC4H9+C2H5OHis elementary and reversible.
Go to Professor Herz’s Reactor Lab Web site at www.reactorlab.net. From the menu at the top of the page, select Download and then click on the English version link. Provide the required information
The following elementary reaction is to be carried out in the liquid phaseNaOH+CH3COOC2H5→CH3COO−Na++C2H5OHThe initial concentrations are 0.2 M in NaOH and 0.25 M in CH3COOC2H5 with k = 5.2 ×
The production of ethylene glycol from ethylene chlorohydrin and sodium bicarbonateCH2OHCH2Cl + NaHCO3 → (CH2OH)2 + NaCl + CO2↑is carried out in a semibatch reactor. A 1.5-molar solution of
With the focus on alternative clean-energy sources, we are moving toward an increased use of fuel cells to operate appliances rangingfrom computers to automobiles. For example, the hydrogen/oxygen
The first-order, gas-phase, reversible reaction A←→B+2C is taking place in a membrane reactor. Pure A enters the reactor, and B diffuses out through the membrane. Unfortunately, a small amount of
For the reaction and data in Problem P6-4B, we now consider the case when the reaction is reversible with KC = 0.025 dm6/mol2 and the reaction is carried out at 300 K in a membrane reactor where C2H6
The elementary gas-phase reaction(CH3)3COOC(CH3)3 → C2H6 + 2CH3COCH3A → B + 2C is carried out isothermally at 400 K in a flow reactor with no pressure drop. The specific reaction rate at 50°C is
The second-order liquid-phase reactionC6H5COCH2Br + C6H5N → C6H5COHCH2NC5H5Bris carried out in a batch reactor at 35°C. The specific reaction-rate constant is 0.0445 dm3/mol/min. Reactor 1 is
Download the Interactive Computer Games (ICG) from the CRE Web site (http://www.umich.edu/~elements/6e/icm/tictac.html). Play the game and then record your performance number, which indicates your
List two similarities and two differences between the Safety Analysis of the Incident Algorithm and the BowTie Diagram.a. Example 6-1: Gas-Phase Reaction in a Microreactor Wolfram and Python1. Use
Read through all the problems at the end of this chapter. Make up and solve an original problem based on the material in this chapter.(a) Use real data and reactions for further instructions.(b) Make
Go to Professor Herz’s Reactor Lab on the Web at www.reactorlab.net. Click on Download and then click on the English version link. Provide the information asked and then click Download. Select
The gas-phase reaction A + B → C + D takes place isothermally at 300 K in a packed-bed reactor in which the feed is equal molar in A and B with CA0 = 0.1 mol/dm3. The reaction is second order in A
Ethyl acetate is an extensively used solvent and can be formed by the vapor-phase esterification of acetic acid and ethanol.The chemical equation shows the formation of Ethyl acetate by the vapor
Walter White, Jesse Pinkman, and Mike Ehrmantraut stole 1000 gal of methylamine during an episode of the TV series Breaking Bad (See Season 4, Episode 10). Shortly thereafter, Jesse and Mike decided
A very proprietary industrial waste reaction, which we’ll code as A → B + S, is to be carried out in a 10-dm3 CSTR followed by a 10-dm3 PFR. The reaction is elementary, but A, which enters at a
A microreactor from the MIT group similar to the one shown in Figure P5-21B was used to produce phosgene in the gas phase.A figure depicts a Microreactor of size 40mm. At first, the microreactor has
The irreversible first-order (wrt partial pressure of A) gas-phase reaction A → B is carried out isothermally in a “fluidized” catalytic CSTR containing 50 kg of catalyst. Currently, 50%
It is desired to carry out the gaseous reaction A → B in an existing tubular reactor consisting of 50 parallel tubes 40 ft long with a 0.75-in. inside diameter. Bench-scale experiments have given
A total of 2500 gal/h of metaxylene is being isomerized to a mixture of orthoxylene, metaxylene, and paraxylene in a reactor containing 1000 ft3 of catalyst. The reaction is being carried out at
Compound A undergoes a reversible isomerization reaction, A ⇄ B, over a supported metal catalyst. Under pertinent conditions, A and B are liquid, miscible, and of nearly identical density; the
The gaseous reaction A → B has a unimolecular reaction rate constant of 0.0015 min–1 at 80°F. This reaction is to be carried out in parallel tubes 10 ft long and 1 in. inside diameter, under a
The dehydration of butanol is carried out over a silica-alumina catalyst at 680 K.CH3CH2CH2CH2OH→catCH3CH=CHCH3+H2OThe rate law is −rBu′=kPBu(1+KBuPBu)2with k = 0.054 mol/gcat•h•atm and KBu
While on his way home from a concert by Ann Arbor’s own Bob Seger at Pine Knob, during his visit to Michigan, world famous Inspector Sgt. Nigel Ambercromby was called in from Scotland Yard when the
The reversible gas-phase elementary reactionThe chemical equation shows the formation of Ethyl benzene by the gas-phase reversible reaction of styrene and two molecules of hydrogen. Styrene (CH2
The irreversible elementary gas-phase reaction A+B→C+D is carried out isothermally at 305 K in a packed-bed reactor with 100 kg of catalyst.The entering pressure was 20 atm and the exit pressure is
a. A liquid-phase isomerization A → B is carried out in a 1000-gal CSTR that has a single impeller located halfway down the reactor. The liquid enters at the top of the reactor and exits at the
The liquid-phase reaction A + B → C follows an elementary rate law and is carried out isothermally in a flow system. The concentrations of the A and B feed streams are each 2 M before mixing. The
The elementary gas-phase reaction A → B takes place isobarically and isothermally in a PFR where 63.2% conversion is achieved. The feed is pure A. It is proposed to put a CSTR of equal volume
The irreversible gas-phase reaction A → B + C follows an elementary rate law and is to be carried out first in a PFR and then in a separate experiment in a CSTR. When pure A is fed to a 10 dm3 PFR
A reversible liquid-phase isomerization A ⇄ B is carried out isothermally in a 1000-gal CSTR. The reaction is second order in both the forward and reverse directions. The liquid enters at the top
The elementary gas-phase reaction 2A → B is carried out in a constant-volume batch reactor where 50% conversion is achieved in 1 hour. Pure A is charged to the reactor at an initial concentration
In each of the cases below, (a) through (e), you will need to explain why you chose the answer you did. The elementary isomerization exothermic reaction A ⇄ catB is carried out isothermally at 400
In each case, you will need to explain the reason you chose the answer you did.a. An irreversible, liquid-phase, second-order reaction, A → Product(s), proceeds to 50% conversion in a PFR operating
ICG—Mystery Theater—A real “who done it?,” see Pulp and Paper, 25 (January 1993) and also Pulp and Paper, 9 (July 1993). The outcome of the murder trial is summarized in the December 1995
What if you were asked to explore the example problems in this chapter to learn the effects of varying the different parameters? This sensitivity analysis can be carried out by downloading the
Example 5-2. (1) What conversion would be achieved if three 800-gal CSTRs were placed in series?(2) In parallel with the feed equally divided?(3) What are the advantages and disadvantages of adding
Example 5-1. (1) What would be the error in k if the batch reactor were only 80% filled with the same concentrations of reactants, instead of being completelyfilled as in the example?(2) What
Consider a cylindrical batch reactor that has one end fitted with a frictionless piston attached to a spring. The reaction A + B → 8CA cylindrical batch reactor is placed. A frictionless piston on
Repeat parts (a)–(c) of Problem P4-11B for the reaction 3A ⇄ C Pure A enters at 400 K, 10 atm and the equilibrium constant is KC = 2.5 (dm3/mol)2. Compare the equilibrium conversions in Problems
Consider the elementary gas-phase reversible reaction is carried out isothermically A ⇄ 3C Pure A enters at a temperature of 400 K and a pressure of 10 atm. At this temperature, KC =
The elementary reversible reaction 2A ⇄ B is carried out isothermally in a flow reactor with no pressure drop and where pure A is fed at a concentration of 4.0 mol/dm3. If the equilibrium
There were 820 million pounds of phthalic anhydride produced in the United States in 1995. One of the end uses of phthalic anhydride is in the fiberglass of sailboat hulls. Phthalic anhydride can be
The gas-phase reaction 12N2+32H2→NH3 is to be carried out isothermally first in a flow reactor. The molar feed is 50% H2 and 50% N2, at a pressure of 16.4 atm and at a temperature of 227°C.a.
Consider the following elementary gas-phase reversible reaction to be carried out isothermally with no pressure drop and for an equal molar feed of A and B with CA0 = 2.0 mol/dm3. 2A + B ⇄ Ca. What
Orthonitroanaline (an important intermediate in dyes—called fast orange) is formed from the reaction of orthonitrochlorobenzene (ONCB) and aqueous ammoniaOrthonitrochlorobenzene and two molecules
Set up a stoichiometric table for each of the following reactions and express the concentration of each species in the reaction as a function of conversion, evaluating all constants (e.g., =, =).
The elementary gas reaction 2A + B → C is carried out isothermally in a PFR with no pressure drop. The feed is equal molar in A and B, and the entering concentration of A is 0.1 mol/dm3. Set up a
The elementary reversible reaction 2A ⇄ B is carried out in a flow reactor where pure A is fed at a concentration of 4.0 mol/dm3. If the equilibrium conversion is found to be 60%,a. What is the
Load the Interactive Computer Games (ICG) Kinetic Challenge from the CRE Web site. Play the game and then record your performance number for the module that indicates your mastering of the material.
(a) Wolfram and Python1. Vary ΘB and observe the change in reaction rate. Go to the extremes and explain what is causing the curve to change the way it does.2. Vary the parameters and list the
How would the answer change if the initial concentration of glyceryl stearate were 3 mol/dm3? Rework Example 4-2 correctly using the information given in the problem statement.Example 4-2Having set
Go to the Web site (http://www.umich.edu/~elements/6e/04chap/iclicker_ch4_q1.html) and view at leave five i>clicker questions. Choose one that could be used as is, or a variation thereof, to be
The major ways to utilize, capture, or store the sun’s energy are solar thermal solar voltaic, biomass conversion, solar water splitting and solar chemical. Solar chemical refers to processes that
The rate laws for each of the reactions listed below were obtained at low temperatures. The reactions are highly exothermic and therefore reversible at high temperatures. Suggest a rate law for each
Write the rate law for the reaction 2A + B → C if the reaction1. is second order in B and overall third order, –rA = ______2. is zero order in A and first order in B, –rA = ______3. is zero
Write the rate law for the following reactions assuming each reaction follows an elementary rate law. Give the units of kA for each, keeping in mind some are homogeneous and some reactants are
Determine the rate law for the reaction described in each of the cases below involving species A, B, and C. The rate laws should be elementary as written for reactions that are either of the form A
The initial reaction rate for the elementary reaction 2A + B → 4C was measured as a function of temperature when the concentration of A was 2 M and that of B was 1.5 M.a. What is the activation
The rule of thumb that the rate of reaction doubles for a 10°C increase in temperature occurs only at a specific temperature for a given activation energy. Develop a relationship between the

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