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physics
physics scientists and engineers

Questions and Answers of Physics Scientists and Engineers

You are given the equation(s) used to solve a problem. For each of thesea. Write a realistic problem for which this is the correct equation(s).b. Finish the solution of the problem. 2(2.0 X 10-7 C/m)
You are given the equation(s) used to solve a problem. For each of thesea. Write a realistic problem for which this is the correct equation(s).b. Finish the solution of the problem. (2.0 × 10° C) s
The ozone molecule O3 has a permanent dipole moment of 1.8 × 10-30 C m. Although the molecule is very slightly bent—which is why it has a dipole moment—it can be modeled as a uniform rod of
Show that an infinite line of charge with linear charge density λ exerts an attractive force on an electric dipole with magnitude F = 2λp/4πє0r2. Assume that r, the distance from the line, is
An electric field can induce an electric dipole in a neutral atom or molecule by pushing the positive and negative charges in opposite directions. The dipole moment of an induced dipole is directly
In a classical model of the hydrogen atom, the electron orbits the proton in a circular orbit of radius 0.053 nm. What is the orbital frequency? The proton is so much more massive than the electron
A 2.0-mm-diameter glass sphere has a charge of +1.0 nC.What speed does an electron need to orbit the sphere 1.0 mm above the surface?
The combustion of fossil fuels produces micron-sized particles of soot, one of the major components of air pollution. The terminal speeds of these particles are extremely small, so they remain
Your physics assignment is to figure out a way to use electricity to launch a small 6.0-cm-long plastic drink stirrer. You decide that you€™ll charge the little plastic rod by rubbing it
A positron is an elementary particle identical to an electron except that its charge is +e. An electron and a positron can rotate about their center of mass as if they were a dumbbell connected by a
A problem of practical interest is to make a beam of electrons turn a 90? corner. This can be done with the parallel-plate capacitor shown in FIGURE P23.54. An electron with kinetic energy 3.0 ×
The two parallel plates in FIGURE P23.53 are 2.0 cm apart and the electric field strength between them is 1.0 Ã— 104 N/C. An electron is launched at a 45° angle from the positive
An electron is launched at a 45? angle and a speed of 5.0 × 106m/s from the positive plate of the parallel-plate capacitor shown in FIGURE P23.52. The electron lands 4.0 cm away. a. What is the
A parallel-plate capacitor has 2.0 cm × 2.0 cm electrodes with surface charge densities ±1.0 × 10-6 C/m2. A proton traveling parallel to the electrodes at 1.0 × 106 m/s enters the center of the
A sphere of radius R and surface charge density η is positioned with its center distance 2R from an infinite plane with surface charge density η. At what distance from the plane, along a line
An infinite plane of charge with surface charge density 3.2 μC/m2 has a 20-cm-diameter circular hole cut out of it. What is the electric field strength directly over the center of the hole at a
A plastic rod with linear charge density λ is bent into the quarter circle shown in FIGURE P23.48. We want to find the electric field at the origin. a. Write expressions for the x-and y-components
Charge Q is uniformly distributed along a thin, flexible rod of length L. The rod is then bent into the semicircle shown in FIGURE P23.47. a. Find an expression for the electric field E at the center
A ring of radius R has total charge Q.a. At what distance along the z-axis is the electric field strength a maximum?b. What is the electric field strength at this point?
Show that the on-axis electric field of a ring of charge has the expected behavior when z << R and when z >> R.
Two 2.0-cm-diameter disks face each other, 1.0 mm apart. They are charged to ±10 nC.a. What is the electric field strength between the disks?b. A proton is shot from the negative disk toward the
Two parallel plates 1.0 cm apart are equally and oppositely charged. An electron is released from rest at the surface of the negative plate and simultaneously a proton is released from rest at the
Air “breaks down” when the electric field strength reaches 3.0 * 106 N/C, causing a spark. A parallel-plate capacitor is made from two 4.0 cm × 4.0 cm electrodes. How many electrons must be
A parallel-plate capacitor is formed from two 6.0-cm diameter electrodes spaced 2.0 mm apart. The electric field strength inside the capacitor is 1.0 × 106 N/C. What is the charge (in nC) on each
Two circular disks spaced 0.50 mm apart form a parallel plate capacitor. Transferring 3.0 × 109 electrons from one disk to the other causes the electric field strength to be 2.0 × 105 N/C. What are
A 2.0 m × 4.0 m flat carpet acquires a uniformly distributed charge of -10 μC after you and your friends walk across it several times. A 2.5 μg dust particle is suspended in midair just above the
You€™ve hung two very large sheets of plastic facing each other with distance d between them, as shown in FIGURE EX23.20. By rubbing them with wool and silk, you€™ve managed to
Two 2.0-cm-diameter insulating spheres have a 6.0 cm space between them. One sphere is charged to +10 nC, the other to -15 nC. What is the electric field strength at the midpoint between the two
A 20 cm × 20 cm horizontal metal electrode is uniformly charged to +80 nC. What is the electric field strength 2.0 mm above the center of the electrode?
The electric field strength 2.0 cm from the surface of a 10-cm-diameter metal ball is 50,000 N/C. What is the charge (in nC) on the ball?
Two 10-cm-diameter charged disks face each other, 20 cm apart. The left disk is charged to -50 nC and the right disk is charged to +50 nC.a. What is the electric field E, both magnitude and
Two 10-cm-diameter charged rings face each other, 20 cm apart. Both rings are charged to +20 nC. What is the electric field strength at(a) The midpoint between the two rings(b) The center of the left
Three charges are placed at the corners of the triangle in FIGURE Q23.15. The + + charge has twice the quantity of charge of the two - charges; the net charge is zero. Is the triangle in equilibrium?
Two 10-cm-diameter charged rings face each other, 20 cm apart. The left ring is charged to -20 nC and the right ring is charged to +20 nC.a. What is the electric field E, both magnitude and
A proton and an electron are released from rest in the center of a capacitor.a. Is the force ratio Fp/Fe greater than 1, less than 1, or equal to 1? Explain.b. Is the acceleration ratio ap/ae greater
A 12-cm-long thin rod has the nonuniform charge density λ(x) = (2.0 nC/cm)e-|x|/(6.0 cm), where x is measured from the center of the rod. What is the total charge on the rod?
A small object is released at point 3 in the center of the capacitor in FIGURE Q23.11. For each situation, does the object move to the right, to the left, or remain in place? If it moves, does it
The electric field 5.0 cm from a very long charged wire is (2000 N/C, toward the wire). What is the charge (in nC) on a 1.0-cm-long segment of the wire?
A parallel-plate capacitor consists of two square plates, size L × L, separated by distance d. The plates are given charge ±Q.What is the ratio Ef/Ei of the final to initial electric field
A small glass bead charged to + 6.0 nC is in the plane that bisects a thin, uniformly charged, 10-cm-long glass rod and is 4.0 cm from the rod’s center. The bead is repelled from the rod with a
Rank in order, from largest to smallest, the electric field strengths E1to E5at the five points in FIGURE Q23.11. Explain. 5. 2 3 FIGURE Q23.11 1 1 1 + + + + + + + + + +
Two 10-cm-long thin glass rods uniformly charged to +10 nC are placed side by side, 4.0 cm apart. What are the electric field strengths E1 to E3 at distances 1.0 cm, 2.0 cm, and 3.0 cm to the right
The ball in FIGURE Q23.10 is suspended from a large, uniformly charged positive plate. It swings with period T. If the ball is discharged, will the period increase, decrease, or stay the same?
A 10-cm-long thin glass rod uniformly charged to +10 nC and a 10-cm-long thin plastic rod uniformly charged to -10 nC are placed side by side, 4.0 cm apart. What are the electric field strengths E1
A sphere of radius R has charge Q. The electric field strength at distance r > R is Ei. What is the ratio Ef/Ei of the final to initial electric field strengths if(a) Q is halved,(b) R is
The electric field strength 10.0 cm from a very long charged wire is 2000 N/C. What is the electric field strength 5.0 cm from the wire?
A circular disk has surface charge density 8 nC/cm2. What will the surface charge density be if the radius of the disk is doubled?
An electret is similar to a magnet, but rather than being permanently magnetized, it has a permanent electric dipole moment. Suppose a small electret with electric dipole moment 1.0 × 10-7 C m is 25
The irregularly shaped area of charge in FIGURE Q23.7 has surface charge density hi. Each dimension (x and y) of the area is reduced by a factor of 3.163. a. What is the ratio ηf/ηi, where ηf is
An electric dipole is formed from ±1.0 nC charges spaced 2.0 mm apart. The dipole is at the origin, oriented along the x-axis. What is the electric field strength at the points(a) (x, y) = (10 cm, 0
FIGURE Q23.6 shows a hollow soda straw that has been uniformly charged with positive charge. What is the electric field at the center (inside) of the straw? Explain. Inside straw + + + + +A + + +1 +
An electric dipole is formed from two charges, ±q, spaced 1.0 cm apart. The dipole is at the origin, oriented along the y-axis. The electric field strength at the point (x, y) = (0 cm, 10 cm) is 360
An electron experiences a force of magnitude F when it is 1 cm from a very long, charged wire with linear charge density λ. If the charge density is doubled, at what distance from the wire will a
What are the strength and direction of the electric field at the position indicated by the dot in FIGURE EX23.4? Specify the direction as an angle above or below horizontal. +) 3.0 nC 5.0 cm 10 cm
A small segment of wire in FIGURE Q23.4 contains 10 nC of charge. a. The segment is shrunk to one-third of its original length.What is the ratio λf/λi, where λi and λf are the initial and final
What are the strength and direction of the electric field at the position indicated by the dot in FIGURE EX23.3? Specify the direction as an angle above or below horizontal. 3.0 nC (+ 5.0 cm 5.0 cm
Rank in order, from largest to smallest, the electric field strengths E1to E4at points 1 to 4 in FIGURE Q23.3. Explain. 1. 3. 2 4° FIGURE Q23.3
What are the strength and direction of the electric field at the position indicated by the dot in FIGURE EX23.2? Specify the direction as an angle above or below horizontal. (+ 3.0 nC 5.0 cm |10 cm +
Reproduce FIGURE Q23.2 on your paper. For each part, draw a dot or dots on the figure to show any position or positions (other than infinity) where E = 0.a.b. +'+
What are the strength and direction of the electric field at the position indicated by the dot in FIGURE EX23.1? Specify the direction as an angle above or below horizontal. 3.0 nC + 5.0 cm 5.0 cm
You’ve been assigned the task of determining the magnitude and direction of the electric field at a point in space. Give a step-by step procedure of how you will do so. List any objects you will
In Section 22.3 we claimed that a charged object exerts a net attractive force on an electric dipole. Let€™s investigate this. FIGURE CP22.77 shows a permanent electric dipole consisting of
The force on the -1.0 nC charge is as shown in FIGURE CP22.76. What is the magnitude of this force? -1.0 nC 60° 30° +. 5.0 cm FIGURE CP22.76 10 nC
The identical small spheres shown in FIGURE CP22.75 are charged to +100 nC and -100 nC. They hang as shown in a 100,000 N/C electric field. What is the mass of each sphere? 10° 10° 50 cm 50 cm E
Three 3.0 g balls are tied to 80-cm-long threads and hung from a single fixed point. Each of the balls is given the same charge q.At equilibrium, the three balls form an equilateral triangle in a
Two 3.0 g point charges on 1.0-m-long threads repel each other after being equally charged, as shown in FIGURE CP22.73.What is the magnitude of the charge q? 1.0 m /20° 20° \1.0 m 3.0 g 3.0 g
You are given the equation(s) used to solve a problem. For each of these,a. Write a realistic problem for which this is the correct equation(s).b. Finish the solution of the problem. (9.0 × 10°
You are given the equation(s) used to solve a problem. For each of these,a. Write a realistic problem for which this is the correct equation(s).b. Finish the solution of the problem. |(9.0 x 10°
You are given the equation(s) used to solve a problem. For each of these,a. Write a realistic problem for which this is the correct equation(s).b. Finish the solution of the problem. |(9.0 × 10° N
You are given the equation(s) used to solve a problem. For each of these,a. Write a realistic problem for which this is the correct equation(s).b. Finish the solution of the problem. (9.0 × 10°
An electric field E = 200,000 in N/C causes the point charge in FIGURE P25.68 to hang at an angle. What is Î¸? | 25 nC (+) 2.0 g FIGURE P22.68
An electric field E = 100,000 in N/C causes the 5.0 g point charge in FIGURE P22.67 to hang at a 20° angle. What is the charge on the ball? 120° 5.0 g FIGURE P22.67
Three 1.0 nC charges are placed as shown in FIGURE P22.66. Each of these charges creates an electric field E at a point 3.0 cm in front of the middle charge. a. What are the three fields E1, E2, and
A 10.0 nC charge is located at position (x, y) = (1.0 cm, 2.0 cm). At what (x, y) position(s) is the electric fielda. -225,000 î N/C?b. (161,000 î + 80,500 ĵ) N/C?c. (21,600 î - 28,800 ĵ)
What are the electric fields at points 1, 2, and 3 in FIGURE P22.64?Give your answer in component form. 2.0 cm 5.0 nC +. 1.0 cm 2.0 cm FIGURE P22.64
What are the electric fields at points 1, 2, and 3 in FIGURE P22.63?Give your answer in component form. 3.0 cm 4.0 cm 3 -10 nC FIGURE P22.63
Two 5.0 g point charges on 1.0-m-long threads repel each other after being charged to +100 nC, as shown in FIGURE P22.62. What is the angle Î¸? You can assume that Î¸ is a
You sometimes create a spark when you touch a doorknob after shuffling your feet on a carpet. Why? The air always has a few free electrons that have been kicked out of atoms by cosmic rays. If an
An electric dipole consists of two opposite charges ±q separated by a small distance s. The product p = qs is called the dipole moment. FIGURE P22.60 shows an electric dipole perpendicular to
You have a lightweight spring whose un-stretched length is 4.0 cm. First, you attach one end of the spring to the ceiling and hang a 1.0 g mass from it. This stretches the spring to a length of 5.0
Two equal point charges 2.5 cm apart, both initially neutral, are being charged at the rate of 5.0 nC/s. At what rate (N/s) is the force between them increasing 1.0 s after charging begins?
Space explorers discover an 8.7 × 1017 kg asteroid that happens to have a positive charge of 4400 C. They would like to place their 3.3 × 105 kg spaceship in orbit around the asteroid.
A 2.0 g metal cube and a 4.0 g metal cube are 6.0 cm apart, measured between their centers, on a horizontal surface. For both, the coefficient of static friction is 0.65. Both cubes, initially
You have two small, 2.0 g balls that have been given equal but opposite charges, but you don’t know the magnitude of the charge. To find out, you place the balls distance d apart on a slippery
In a simple model of the hydrogen atom, the electron moves in a circular orbit of radius 0.053 nm around a stationary proton.How many revolutions per second does the electron make?
Suppose the magnitude of the proton charge differs from the magnitude of the electron charge by a mere 1 part in 109.a. What would be the force between two 2.0-mm-diameter copper spheres 1.0 cm
FIGURE P22.52 shows three charges and the net force on charge -q. Charge Q is some multiple a of q. What is a? Q= aq 45° -ą 2L FIGURE P22.52
FIGURE P22.51 shows four charges at the corners of a square of side L. What is the magnitude of the net force on q? +, FIGURE P22.51 +. -0°
A positive point charge Q is located at x = a and a negative point charge -Q is at x = -a. A positive charge q can be placed anywhere on the y-axis. Find an expression for (Fnet)x, the x component of
Charge q2in FIGURE P22.49 is in equilibrium. What is q1? 92 5.0 nC 10 cm 10 cm FIGURE P22.49
The net force on the 1.0 nC charge in FIGURE P22.48 is zero.What is q? 1.0 nC +. 4.0 cm 2.0 cm + 2.0 nC 2.0 nC (+ 3.0 cm 3.0 cm FIGURE P22.48
A +2.0 nC charge is at the origin and a -4.0 nC charge is at x = 1.0 cm.a. At what x-coordinate could you place a proton so that it would experience no net force?b. Would the net force be zero for an
What is the force F on the 1.0 nC charge at the bottom in FIGURE P22.46? Give your answer in component form. -6.0 nC 2.0 nC, 2.0 nC 5.0 cm 45° 45° ,´ 5.0 cm +, 1.0 nC FIGURE P22.46
What is the force F on the 1.0 nC charge at the bottom in FIGURE P22.45? Give your answer in component form. -6.0 nC 2.0 nC, 2.0 nC +) +. 5.0 cm, 45° 45° , 5.0 cm +, 1.0 nC FIGURE P22.45
What is the force F on the ˆ’1.0 nC charge in the middle of FIGURE P22.44 due to the four other charges? Give your answer in component form. -2.0 nC 2.0 nC 1.0 cm 1.0 cm -1.0 nC -2.0 nC 2.0
What is the force F on the 5.0 nC charge in FIGURE P22.43?Give your answer as a magnitude and an angle measured cw or ccw (specify which) from the +x@axis. 10 nC 3.0 cm 4.0 cm 5.0 nC -5.0 nC FIGURE
What is the force F on the -10 nC charge in FIGURE P22.42?Give your answer as a magnitude and an angle measured cw or ccw (specify which) from the +x@axis. 8.0 nC 3.0 cm +) 1.0 cm -10 nC 10 nC FIGURE
What is the force F on the -10 nC charge in FIGURE P22.41?Give your answer as a magnitude and an angle measured cw or ccw (specify which) from the +x@axis. -15 nC 5.0 nC 3.0 cm (+) 1.0 cm -10 nC
Objects A and B are both positively charged. Both have a mass of 100 g, but A has twice the charge of B. When A and B are placed 10 cm apart, B experiences an electric force of 0.45 N.a. What is the
A smart phone charger delivers charge to the phone, in the form of electrons, at a rate of –0.75 C/s. How many electrons are delivered to the phone during 30 min of charging?

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