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college physics with an integrated approach

College Physics With An Integrated Approach To Forces And Kinematics 5th Edition Alan Giambattista - Solutions

When is the tangential acceleration the greatest?A boy swings in a tire swing. Answer choices:(a) At the highest point of the motion(b) At the lowest point of the motion(c) At a point neither highest nor lowest(d) It is constant.
Explain why the force of gravity due to Earth does not pull the Moon in closer and closer on an inward spiral until it hits Earth’s surface.
A bicycle is moving at 9.0 m/s. What is the angular speed of its tires if their radius is 35 cm?
A spider sits on a DVD that is rotating at a constant angular speed. The accelerationof the spider is(a) Greater the closer the spider is to the central axis.(b) Greater the farther the spider is from the central axis.(c) Nonzero and independent of the location of the spider on the DVD.(d)
A soccer ball of diameter 31 cm rolls without slipping at a linear speed of 2.8 m/s. (a) Through how many revolutions has the soccer ball turned as it moves a linear distance of 18 m? (b) What is the ball’s angular speed?
A wheel of radius 30 cm is rotating at a rate of 2.0 revolutions every 0.080 s. (a) Through what angle, in radians, does the wheel rotate in 1.0 s? (b) What is the linear speed of a point on the wheel’s rim? (c) What is the wheel’s frequency of rotation?
An object moving in a circle at a constant speed has an acceleration that is(a) In the direction of motion.(b) Toward the center of the circle.(c) Away from the center of the circle.(d) Zero.
What is the direction of the satellite’s instantaneous acceleration at point C?A satellite in orbit travels around Earth in uniform circular motion. In the figure, the satellite moves counterclockwise (ABCDA). Answer choices:(a) +x(b) +y(c) −x(d) −y(e) 45° above +x (toward +y)(f) 45° below
An elevator cable winds on a drum of radius 90.0 cm that is connected to a motor. (a) If the elevator moves down at 0.50 m/s, what is the angular speed of the drum? (b) If the elevator moves down 6.0 m, how many revolutions has the drum made? (c) What is the drum’s frequency of
What is the direction of the satellite’s average acceleration for one half of an orbit, starting at C and ending at A?A satellite in orbit travels around Earth in uniform circular motion. In the figure, the satellite moves counterclockwise (ABCDA). Answer choices:(a) +x(b) +y(c) −x(d) −y(e)
Find the average angular speed of the second hand of an analog clock. What is its angular displacement during 5.0 s?
What is the direction of the satellite’s instantaneous velocity at point D?A satellite in orbit travels around Earth in uniform circular motion. In the figure, the satellite moves counterclockwise (ABCDA). Answer choices:(a) +x(b) +y(c) −x(d) −y(e) 45° above +x (toward +y)(f) 45° below +x
What is the direction of the satellite’s average velocity for one quarter of an orbit, starting at C and ending at D?A satellite in orbit travels around Earth in uniform circular motion. In the figure, the satellite moves counterclockwise (ABCDA). Answer choices:(a) +x(b) +y(c) −x(d) −y(e)
The seat on a carnival ride is fixed on the end of an 8.0 m long beam, pivoted at the other end. If the beam sweeps through an angle of 120°, what is the distance through which the rider moves?
At time t = 0, block A of mass 0.225 kg and block B of mass 0.600 kg rest on a horizontal frictionless surface a distance 3.40 m apart, with block A located to the left of block B. A horizontal force of 2.00 N directed to the right is applied to block A for a time interval Δt = 0.100 s. During the
Is depressing the “accelerator” (gas pedal) of a car the only way that the driver can make the car accelerate (in the physics sense of the word)? If not, what else can the driver do to give the car an acceleration?
Two wooden crates with masses as shown are tied together by a horizontal cord. Another cord is tied to the first crate, and it is pulled with a force of 195 N at an angle of 20°, as shown. Each crate has a coefficient of kinetic friction of 0.55. (a) Find the acceleration of the
A crate is sliding down a frictionless ramp that is inclined at 35.0°.(a) If the crate is released from rest, how far does it travel down the incline in 2.50 s if it does not get to the bottom of the ramp before the time has elapsed? (b) How fast is the crate moving after 2.50 s of travel?
A model rocket is fired vertically from rest. It has a constant acceleration of 17.5 m/s2 for the first 1.5s. Then its fuel is exhausted, and it is in free fall. The rocket has a mass of 87 g; the mass of the fuel is much less than 87 g. Ignore air resistance. (a) What was the net force on the
You are watching a television show about Navy pilots. The narrator says that when a Navy jet takes off, it accelerates because the engines are at full throttle and because there is a catapult that propels the jet forward. You begin to wonder how much force is supplied by the catapult. You look on
An astronaut of mass 60.0 kg and a small asteroid of mass 40.0 kg are initially at rest with respect to the space station. The astronaut pushes the asteroid with a constant force of magnitude 250 N for 0.35 s. Gravitational forces are negligible. (a) How far apart are the astronaut and the
Julia is delivering newspapers. Suppose she is driving at 15 m/s along a straight road and wants to drop a paper out the window from a height of 1.00 m so it slides along the shoulder and comes to rest in the customer's driveway. At what horizontal distance before the driveway should she drop the
A toboggan is sliding down a snowy slope. The table shows the speed of the toboggan at various times during its trip. (a) Make a graph of the speed as a function of time. (b) Judging by the graph, is it plausible that the toboggan's acceleration is constant? If so, what is the
Marie slides a paper plate with a slice of pizza across a horizontal table to her friend Jaden. The coefficient of friction between the table and plate is 0.32. If the pizza must travel 44 cm to get from Marie to Jaden, what initial speed should Marie give the plate of pizza so that it just stops
A pellet is fired from a toy cannon with a velocity of 12 m/s directed 60° above the horizontal. After 0.10 s, a second pellet is fired with the same initial velocity. After an additional 0.15 s have passed, what is the velocity of the first pellet with respect to the second? Ignore air resistance.
A block of mass m1 slides to the right with coefficient of kinetic friction μk on a horizontal surface. The block is connected to a hanging block of mass m2 by a light cord that passes over a light, frictionless pulley. (a) Find the acceleration of each of the blocks and the tension in the
When salmon head upstream to spawn, they may encounter a waterfall. If the water is not moving too fast, the salmon can swim right up through the falling water. Otherwise, the salmon jump out of the water to get to a place in the waterfall where the water is not falling so fast. When humans build
Locusts can jump to heights of 0.30 m. (a) Assuming the locust jumps straight up, and ignoring air resistance, what is the takeoff speed of the locust? (b) The locust actually jumps at an angle of about 55° to the horizontal, and air resistance is not negligible. The result is that the
The minimum stopping distance of a car moving at 30.0 mi/h is 12 m. Under the same conditions (so that the maximum braking force is the same), what is the minimum stopping distance for 60.0 mi/h? Work by proportions to avoid converting units.
A baseball batter hits a long fly ball, giving it an initial velocity 45° above the horizontal. The ball rises to a maximum height of 44 m. An outfielder on the opposing team starts running at 7.6 m/s the instant the ball is hit. What is the farthest the fielder can be from where the ball will
The invention of the cannon in the fourteenth century made the catapult unnecessary and ended the safety of castle walls. Stone walls were no match for balls shot from cannons. Suppose a cannonball of mass 5.00 kg is launched from a height of 1.10 m, at an angle of elevation of 30.0° with an
A drag racer crosses the finish line of a 400.0 m track with a final speed of 104 m/s. (a) Assuming constant acceleration during the race, find the racer's time and the minimum coefficient of static friction between the tires and the road. (b) If, because of bad tires or wet pavement, the
A student, looking toward his fourth-floor dormitory window, sees a flowerpot with nasturtiums (originally on a window sill above) pass his 1.0 m high window in 0.051 s. The distance between floors in the dormitory is 4.0 m. From a window on which floor did the flowerpot fall?
A 15 kg crate starts at rest at the top of a 60.0° incline. The coefficients of friction are μs = 0.40 and μk = 0.30. The crate is connected to a hanging 8.0 kg box by an ideal rope and pulley. (a) As the crate slides down the incline, what is the tension in the rope? (b) How long
You are designing a high-speed elevator for a new skyscraper. The elevator will have a mass limit of 2400 kg (including passengers). For passenger comfort, you choose the maximum ascent speed to be 18 m/s, the maximum descent speed to be 10 m/s, and the maximum acceleration magnitude to be 1.2
A suspension bridge is 60.0 m above the level base of a gorge. A stone is thrown or dropped from the bridge. Ignore air resistance. At the location of the bridge g has been measured to be 9.83 m/s2.(a) If you drop the stone, how long does it take for it to fall to the base of the gorge? (b) If
At what altitude above Earth's surface would your weight be half of what it is at Earth's surface?
(a) What is the magnitude of the gravitational force that Earth exerts on the Moon? (b) What is the magnitude of the gravitational force that the Moon exerts on Earth? See Appendix B for necessary information.
Find the ratio of Earth's gravitational force on a satellite when it is on the ground to the gravitational force exerted when the satellite is orbiting at an altitude of 320 km.
A book that weighs 10 N is at rest in six different situations. Blue arrows indicate forces exerted on the book by an object that is not shown. Rank the situations according to the magnitude of the normal force on the 10 N book due to the table, from smallest to greatest. Explain your reasoning. 5
Using the masses and mean distances found in Appendix B, calculate the net gravitational force on the Moon (a) During a lunar eclipse (Earth between Moon and Sun) and (b) During a solar eclipse (Moon between Earth and Sun).
A binary star system consists of two stars of masses M1 and 4.0M1 a distance d apart. Is there any point where the net gravitational field due to the two stars is zero? If so, where is that point?
A box sits on a horizontal wooden ramp. The coefficient of static friction between the box and the ramp is 0.30. You grab one end of the ramp and slowly lift it up, keeping the other end of the ramp on the ground. What is the angle between the ramp and the horizontal direction when the box begins
A crate of artichokes is on a ramp that is inclined 10.0° above the horizontal. Give the direction of the normal force and the friction force acting on the crate in each of these situations.(a) The crate is at rest. (b) The crate is sliding up the ramp. (c) The crate is sliding down the
An 85 kg skier is sliding down a ski slope at a constant velocity. The slope makes an angle of 11° above the horizontal direction. Ignore air resistance. (a) What is the force of kinetic friction acting on the skier?(b) What is the coefficient of kinetic friction between the skis and the snow?
You are pulling a suitcase through the airport at a constant speed by exerting a force of 25.0 N at angle 30.0° from the vertical. What is the force of friction acting on the suitcase?
A spring scale hangs from a cord that is attached to a hook in the ceiling. A 10 kg object hangs from a second cord connected to the bottom of the scale. The weights of the cords and the scale are negligible. (a) What is the reading of the scale? (b) The 10 kg object is removed and the
A box containing a new TV weighs 350 N. Phineas is pushing horizontally on it with a force of 150 N, but it doesn't budge. (a) Identify all the forces acting on the crate. Describe each as: (type of force) exerted on the crate by (object). (b) Identify the interaction partner of each
The figure shows the quadriceps and the patellar tendons attached to the patella (the kneecap). If the tension T in each tendon is 1.30 kN, what are the magnitude and direction of the contact force F(vector) exerted on the patella by the femur? The weight of the patella is negligible in this
A person is doing leg lifts with 3.00 kg ankle weights. The lower leg itself has a mass of 5.00 kg. When the leg is held still at an angle of 30.0° with respect to the horizontal, the patellar tendon pulls on the tibia with a force of 337 N at an angle of 20.0° with respect to the lower leg. Find
In the sport of curling, a player slides a 20.0 kg granite stone down a 38 m long ice rink. Draw FBDs for the stone (a) While it sits at rest on the ice; (b) While it slides down the rink; (c) during a head-on collision with an opponent's stone that was at rest on the ice. SHEAT MAIN SALT
A toy rocket is propelled straight upward from the ground and reaches a height H. After an elapsed time Δt, measured from the time the rocket was first fired off, the rocket has fallen back down to the ground, landing at the same spot from which it was launched. The average speed of the rocket
1. Two vectors, each of magnitude 4.0 cm, are inclined at a small angle a below the horizontal as shown. Let Sketch the direction of D(vector) and estimate its magnitude.2. Vector A(Vector) is directed along the positive y-axis and has magnitude √3.0 units. Vector B(Vector) is directed
A toy rocket is propelled straight upward from the ground and reaches a height H. After an elapsed time Δt, measured from the time the rocket was first fired off, the rocket has fallen back down to the ground, landing at the same spot from which it was launched. The magnitude of the average
Spring scale A is attached to the ceiling. A 10.0 kg object is suspended from the scale. A second spring scale, B, is hanging from a hook at the bottom of the 10.0 kg object and a 4.0 kg object hangs from the second spring scale. (a) What are the readings of the two scales if the masses of the
You want to lift a heavy box with a mass of 98.0 kg using the twoideal- pulley system as shown. With what minimum force do you have to pull down on the rope in order to lift the box at a constant velocity? One pulley is attached to the ceiling and one to the box.
What is the displacement of the jogger from t = 18.0 min to t = 24.0 min?(a) 720 m, south(b) 720 m, north(c) 2160 m, south(d) 3600 m, northA jogger is exercising along a long, straight road that runs north-south. She starts out heading north. A graph of vx(t) is shown below. (m/s) 6 D B G H 1
What distance does the jogger travel during the first 10.0 min (t = 0 to 10.0 min)?(a) 8.5 m(b) 510 m(c) 900 m(d) 1020 mA jogger is exercising along a long, straight road that runs north-south. She starts out heading north. A graph of vx(t) is shown below. (m/s) 6 D B G H 1
The term force most accurately describes(a) The mass of an object.(b) The inertia of an object.(c) The quantity that causes displacement.(d) The quantity that keeps an object moving.(e) The quantity that changes the velocity of an object.
A space probe leaves the solar system to explore interstellar space. Once it is far from any stars, when must it fire its rocket engines?(a) All the time, in order to keep moving.(b) Only when it wants to speed up.(c) When it wants to speed up or slow down.(d) Only when it wants to turn.(e) When it
What is the total distance traveled by the jogger in 30.0 min?(a) 3840 m(b) 2340 m(c) 2400 m(d) 3600 mA jogger is exercising along a long, straight road that runs north-south. She starts out heading north. A graph of vx(t) is shown below. (m/s) 6 D B G H 1 (min) -2 10 20 30 Multiple-Choice
What is the displacement of the jogger for the entire 30.0 min?(a) 3120 m, south(b) 2400 m, north(c) 2400 m, south(d) 3840 m, northA jogger is exercising along a long, straight road that runs north-south. She starts out heading north. A graph of vx(t) is shown below. (m/s) 6 D B G H 1
Two blocks of unequal masses are connected by an ideal cord that does not stretch and that passes over an ideal pulley. Which is true concerning the accelerations of the blocks and the net forces acting on the blocks?(a) Accelerations equal in magnitude, net forces unequal in magnitude(b)
Which car has a westward acceleration?(a) A car traveling westward at constant speed(b) A car traveling eastward and speeding up(c) A car traveling westward and slowing down(d) A car traveling eastward and slowing down(e) A car starting from rest and moving toward the east
What is the average velocity of the jogger during the 30.0 min?(a) 1.3 m/s, north(b) 1.7 m/s, north(c) 2.1 m/s, north(d) 2.9 m/s, northA jogger is exercising along a long, straight road that runs north-south. She starts out heading north. A graph of vx(t) is shown below. (m/s) 6 D B G H 1
If an object is traveling at a constant velocity, is it necessarily traveling in a straight line? Explain.
What is the average speed of the jogger for the 30 min?(a) 1.4 m/s(b) 1.7 m/s(c) 2.1 m/s(d) 2.9 m/sA jogger is exercising along a long, straight road that runs north-south. She starts out heading north. A graph of vx(t) is shown below. (m/s) 6 D B G H 1 (min) -2 10 20 30 Multiple-Choice Questions
A sailboat sails from Marblehead Harbor directly east for 45 nautical miles, then 60° south of east for 20.0 nautical miles, east for 30.0 nautical miles, 30° east of north for 10.0 nautical miles, and finally west for 62 nautical miles. At that time the wind dies, and the auxiliary engine fails
In what direction is she running at time t = 20 min?(a) South(b) North(c) Not enough informationA jogger is exercising along a long, straight road that runs north-south. She starts out heading north. A graph of vx(t) is shown below. (m/s) 6 D B G H 1 (min) -2 10 20 30 Multiple-Choice Questions
Give an example of an object whose acceleration is (a) In the same direction as its velocity, (b) Opposite its velocity, and (c) Perpendicular to its velocity.
Name a situation in which the speed of an object is constant while the velocity is not.
In which region of the graph is ax positive?(a) A to B(b) C to D(c) E to F(d) G to HA jogger is exercising along a long, straight road that runs north-south. She starts out heading north. A graph of vx(t) is shown below. (m/s) 6 D B G H 1 (min) -2 10 20 30 Multiple-Choice Questions 7-16 4, 2.
In which region is ax negative?(a) A to B(b) C to D(c) E to F (d) G to HA jogger is exercising along a long, straight road that runs north-south. She starts out heading north. A graph of vx(t) is shown below. (m/s) 6 D B G H 1 (min) -2 10 20 30 Multiple-Choice Questions 7-16 4, 2.
Using Newton’s laws, explain why a cord must exert forces of equal magnitude on the objects attached to each end, assuming that the cord’s mass is negligibly small.
If an object is acted on by a single constant force, is it possible for the object to remain at rest? Is it possible for the object to move with constant velocity? Is it possible for the object’s speed to be decreasing? Is it possible for it to change direction? In each case that is possible,
In which region is the velocity directed to the south?(a) A to B(b) C to D(c) E to F(d) G to HA jogger is exercising along a long, straight road that runs north-south. She starts out heading north. A graph of vx(t) is shown below. (m/s) 6 D B G A H t (min) -2 10 20 30 Multiple-Choice Questions
If an object is acted on by two constant forces is it possible for the object to move at constant velocity? If so, what must be true about the two forces? Give an example.
The following figure shows four graphs of x versus time. Which graph shows a constant, positive, nonzero velocity? (а) (b) (с) (а)
The is sliding down the ramp.Crate of potatoes of mass 18.0 kg is on a ramp with angle of incline 30° to the horizontal. The coefficients of friction are μs = 0.75 and μk = 0.40. Find the normal force (magnitude) and the frictional force (magnitude and direction) on the crate if the
The crate is being carried up the ramp at constant velocity by a conveyor belt (without sliding).Crate of potatoes of mass 18.0 kg is on a ramp with angle of incline 30° to the horizontal. The coefficients of friction are μs = 0.75 and μk = 0.40. Find the normal force (magnitude) and
Within a given system, the internal forces(a) Are always balanced by the external forces. (b) All add to zero.(c) Are determined only by subtracting the external forces from the net force on the system.(d) determine the motion of the system.(e) can never add to zero.
Rank the vectors and C(Vector) in order of increasing magnitude. Explain your reasoning. A, B-
Which item in the following list is not a scalar? temperature, test score, stock value, humidity, velocity, mass.
A friction force is(a) A contact force that acts parallel to the contact surfaces.(b) A contact force that acts perpendicular to the contact surfaces.(c) A scalar quantity since it can act in any direction along a surface.(d) Always proportional to the weight of an object.(e) Always equal to the
Vectors and C(Vector) are shown in the figure. (a) Draw vectors D(Vector) and E(Vector) where and (b) Show that by graphical means. А, В
Your car won't start, so you are pushing it. You apply a horizontal force of 300 N to the car, but it doesn't budge. What force is the interaction partner of the 300 N force you exert?(a) The frictional force exerted on the car by the road(b) The force exerted on you by the car(c) The frictional
Two vectors, each of magnitude 4.0 N, are inclined at a small angle α below the horizontal, as shown. Let Sketch the direction of C(Vector) and estimate its magnitude. (The grid is 1 N on a side.) C = Ã + B-
In an attempt to tighten the loosened steel head of a hammer, a carpenter holds the hammer vertically, raises it up, and then brings it down rapidly, hitting the bottom end of the wood handle on a two-by four board. Explain how this tightens the head back onto the handle.
When a force is called a “normal” force, it is(a) The usual force expected given the arrangement of a system.(b) A force that is perpendicular to the surface of Earth at any given location.(c) A force that is always vertical.(d) A contact force perpendicular to the contact surfaces
When an object is in translational equilibrium, which of these statements is not true?(a) The vector sum of the forces acting on the object is zero.(b) The object must be stationary.(c) The object has a constant velocity.(d) The speed of the object is constant.
Rank the vectors D(Vector),E(Vector) and F(Vector) in order of increasing magnitude. Explain your reasoning. F D N W
Which of these is not a long-range force?(a) The force that makes raindrops fall to the ground(b) The force that makes a compass point north(c) The force that a person exerts on a chair while sitting(d) The force that keeps the Moon in its orbital path around Earth
In the drawing, what is the vector sum of forces if each grid square is 2 N on a side? + E +
When a car begins to move forward, what force makes it do so? Remember that it has to be an external force; the internal forces all add to zero. How does the engine, which is part of the car, cause an external force to act on the car?
Which vector sum is not equal to zero? (а) С+D+E (b) В +С+F (с) D+F (@) А + В + F
To make an object start moving on a surface with friction requires(a) Less force than to keep it moving on the surface.(b) The same force as to keep it moving on the surface.(c) More force than to keep it moving on the surface.(d) A force equal to the weight of the object.
A crate containing a new water heater weighs 800 N. The crate rests on the basement floor. Tim pushes horizontally on it with a force of 400 N, but it doesn't budge. What can you conclude about the coefficient of static friction between the crate and the floor? (a) Hs = 0.5 (b) Hs 2 0.5 (c) Hs
A crate containing a new water heater weighs 800 N. Tim and a friend push horizontally on the water heater with a force of 600 N as it slides across the floor with constant velocity. What can you conclude about the coefficient of kinetic friction between the crate and the floor? (a) Hk = 0.75 (b)
Juan is helping his mother rearrange the living room furniture. Juan pushes on the armchair with a force of 30 N directed at an angle of 25° above a horizontal line while his mother pushes with a force of 60 N directed at an angle of 35° below the same horizontal. What is the vector sum of these
Rank vectors and C(vector) in Problem 6 in order of increasing x-component. The x-axis points east. Explain your reasoning. B,

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