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college physics with an integrated approach

College Physics With An Integrated Approach To Forces And Kinematics 5th Edition Alan Giambattista - Solutions

(a) What assumptions do you make when you call the reading of a bathroom scale your “weight”? What does the scale really tell you? (b) Under what circumstances might the reading of the scale not be equal to your weight?
You place two different coins on the cover of your physics book and then slowly lift the cover. Assuming the coefficients of static friction are the same, which is true?(a) The more massive coin starts to slide first.(b) The less massive coin starts to slide first.(c) The two coins start to slide
A woman stands on an airport's moving sidewalk and moves due west at constant velocity. The frictional force on the woman is _____. (Ignore air resistance.)(a) Zero(b) Kinetic and to the west(c) Kinetic and to the east(d) Static and to the west(e) Static and to the east
A child (weight W) sits on a level floor. The normal force on the child is_____.For each situation, how does the magnitude of the normal force N compare with the object's weight W? Answer choices:(a) Equal to W(b) Greater than W(c) Less than W(d) The given information is insufficient to
Can the x-component of a vector ever be greater than the magnitude of the vector? Explain.
A car (weight W) is parked on an incline. The magnitude of the normal force on the car is_____.For each situation, how does the magnitude of the normal force N compare with the object's weight W? Answer choices:(a) Equal to W(b) Greater than W(c) Less than W(d) The given information is
A heavy ball hangs from a string attached to a sturdy wooden frame. A second string is attached to a hook on the bottom of the lead ball. You pull slowly and steadily on the lower string. Which string do you think will break first? Explain.
A weightlifter (weight W) holds a 400 N barbell above his head. The magnitude of the normal force on the weightlifter due to the floor is _____.For each situation, how does the magnitude of the normal force N compare with the object's weight W? Answer choices:(a) Equal to W(b) Greater than W(c)
An SUV collides with a Mini Cooper convertible. Is the force exerted on the Mini by the SUV greater than, equal to, or less than the force exerted on the SUV by the Mini? Explain.
Vector A (vector) has magnitude 4.0 units; vector B(vector) has magnitude 6.0 units. The angle between A (vector) and B (vector) is 60.0ο . What is the magnitude of A + + B?
A passenger (weight W) rides in an elevator. The magnitude of the normal force on the passenger due to the floor is _____.For each situation, how does the magnitude of the normal force N compare with the object's weight W? Answer choices:(a) Equal to W(b) Greater than W(c) Less than W(d) The given
Find the x- and y-components of the four vectors shown in the drawing. 7.0 m 20.0° 20.0° х 7.0 N B y4 20.0° y4 7.0 m 7.0 N 20.0°
If two vectors have the same magnitude, are they necessarily equal? If not, why not? Can two vectors with different magnitudes ever be equal?
Pulleys and inclined planes are examples of simple machines. Explain what these machines do in Examples 2.4, 2.14, and (2.16) to make a task easier to perform.
For a problem about a crate sliding along an inclined plane, is it possible to choose the x-axis so that it is parallel to the incline?
A bird sits on a stretched clothesline, causing it to sag slightly. Is the tension in the line greatest where the bird sits, greater at either end of the line where it is attached to poles, or the same everywhere along the line? Treat the line as an ideal cord with negligible weight.
Vector b(vector) has magnitude 7.1 and direction 14° below the +x-axis. Vector c(vector) has x component cx = −1.8 and y-component cy = −6.7. Compute (a) The x- and y-components of b(vector) ; (b) The magnitude and direction of c(vector) ; (c) The magnitude and direction of C +
In each of these, the x- and y-components of a vector are given. Find the magnitude and direction of the vector. (a) x = −5.0 cm, y = +8.0 cm. (b) Fx = +120 N, Fy = −60.0 N. (c) vx = −13.7 m/s, vy = −8.8 m/s.(d) ax = 2.3 m/s2, ay = 6.5 cm/s2.
A person stands on the ball of one foot. The normal force due to the ground pushing up on the ball of the foot has magnitude 750 N. Ignore the weight of the foot itself. The other significant forces acting on the foot are the tension in the Achilles tendon pulling up and the force of the tibia
Forces of magnitudes 2000 N and 3000 N act on five objects. The directions of the forces are shown in the sketches. Rank the objects according to the magnitude of the net force, from smallest to largest. Explain your reasoning. A B — с E
A car is driving on a straight, level road at constant speed. Draw an FBD for the car, showing the significant forces that act on it.
A horse pulls a sleigh at constant velocity. Suppose the horse wants to speed up. If it pulls forward on the sleigh with a larger force to try to make the net force on the sleigh nonzero, the sleigh will simultaneously pull back on the horse with an equally larger force (Newton's third law). Then
A hummingbird is hovering motionless beside a flower. The blur of its wings shows that they are rapidly beating up and down. If the air pushes upward on the bird with a force of 0.30 N, what is the force exerted on the air by the hummingbird?
(a) Identify the forces acting on the skydiver. Describe each force as: (type of force) exerted on (object 1) by (object 2). (b) Draw an FBD for the skydiver. (c) Find the magnitude of the force on the skydiver due to the air. (d) Identify the interaction partner for each force
Find and compare the weight of a 65 kg man on Earth with the weight of the same man on (a) Mars, where g = 3.7 N/kg; (b) Venus, where g = 8.9 N/kg; and (c) Earth's Moon, where g = 1.6 N/kg.
(a) Identify the forces acting on the parachute. Describe each force as: (type of force) exerted on (object 1) by (object 2). (b) Draw an FBD for the parachute. (c) What are the magnitude and direction of the force on the parachute due to the skydiver? (d) Identify the interaction
Consider the skydiver and parachute to be a single system. Identify the external forces acting on this system and draw an FBD.A skydiver, who weighs 650 N, is falling at a constant speed with his parachute open. Consider the apparatus that connects the parachute to the skydiver to be part of the
What is the approximate magnitude of the gravitational force exerted by the Sun on the Voyager 1 spacecraft when they are separated by 17 billion kilometers? The spacecraft has a mass of 722 kg.
One kilometer is approximately(a) 2 miles(b) 1/2 mile(c) 1/10 mile(d) 1/4 mile
A homeowner is told that she must increase the height of her fences 37% if she wants to keep the deer from jumping in to eat the foliage and blossoms. If the current fence is 1.8 m high, how high must the new fence be?
By what factor does the volume of a cube increase if the length of the edges are doubled?(a) 16(b) 8(c) 4(d) √2
Why must words be carefully defined for scientific use?
55 mi/h is approximately(a) 90 km/h(b) 30 km/h(c) 10 km/h(d) 2 km/h
If the length of a box is reduced to one third of its original value and the width and height are doubled, by what factor has the volume changed?(a) 2/3(b) 1(c) 4/3(d) 3/2(e) depends on relative proportion of length to height and
If the area of a circle is found to be half of its original value after the radius is multiplied by a certain factor, what was the factor used?(a) 1/(2π)(b) 1/2(c) √2(d) 1/√2(e) 1/4
A study finds that the metabolic rate of mammals is proportional to m3/4, where m is total body mass. By what factor does the metabolic rate of a 70 kg human exceed that of a 5.0 kg cat?
What are some of the advantages of scientific notation?
An equation for potential energy states U = mgh. If U is in kg·m2 ·s−2,m is in kg, and g is in m·s−2, what are the units of h?(a) s(b) s2(c) m-1(d) m(g) g-1
After which numeral is the decimal point usually placed in scientific notation? What determines the number of numerical digits written in scientific notation?
Are all the digits listed as “significant figures” definitely known? Might any of the significant digits be less definitely known than others? Explain.
In terms of the original diameter d, what new diameter will result in a new spherical volume that is a factor of eight times the original volume?(a) 8d(b) 2d(c) d/2(d) dX 3√2(e) d/8
How many significant figures should be written in the sum 4.56 g + 9.032 g + 580.0078 g + 540.439 g?(a) 3(b) 4(c) 5(d) 6(e) 7
The equation for the speed of sound in a gas states that v = √γkB T/m. Speed v is measured in m/s, γ is a dimensionless constant, T is temperature in kelvins (K), and m is mass in kg. What are the units of the Boltzmann constant, kB? (a) kg-m2-s2-K (b) kg-m2.s-2-K-1 (c) kg-1-m-2.52.K (d)
In a trial of the same duration with the same temperatures, how much heat will be transferred when more of the material is added to form a pad with the same face area and total thickness 5.20 cm?
List three of the base units used in SI.
Rank these measurements of surface area in order of the number of significant figures, from fewest to greatest: (a) 20 145 m2; (b) 1.750 x 10 cm2; (c) 0.000 36 mm2; (d) 8.0 x 10-2 mm2; (e) 0.200 cm?.
Find the product below and express the answer with units and in scientific notation with the appropriate number of significant figures: (3.209 m) x (4.0 x 10- m) x (1.25 x 10- m)
In a trial with the same duration, material, and face area, but with a temperature difference of 48.0°C, what thickness would result in the transfer of 47.0 J of heat?
Rank the results of the following calculations in order of the number of significant figures, from least to greatest. (a) 6.85 x 105 m + 2.7 x 107 m (b) 702.35 km + 1897.648 km (c) 5.0 m x 4.302 m (d) (0.040/n) m
In a trial with the same material, temperature difference, and face area, but with a thickness of 4.10 cm, by what factor would the duration of the trial have to increase so 86.0 J of heat is still transferred?
Sort the following units into three groups of dimensions and identify the dimensions: fathoms, grams, years, kilometers, miles, months, kilograms, inches, seconds.
Why do scientists plot graphs of their data instead of just listing values?
Write these numbers in scientific notation: (a) The mass of a blue whale, 170,000 kg; (b) The diameter of a helium nucleus, 0.000,000,000,000,003.8 m.
Rank these measurements in order of the number of significant figures, from least to greatest. (a) 7.68 g (b) 0.420 kg (c) 0.073 m (d) 7.68 x 105 g (e) 4.20 x 103 kg (f) 7.3 x 10-2 m (g) 2.300 x 104 s
The density of body fat is 0.9 g/cm3. Find the density in kg/m3.
A cell membrane is 7.0 nm thick. How thick is it in inches?
The length of the river span of the Brooklyn Bridge is 1595.5 ft. The total length of the bridge is 6016 ft. Convert both of these lengths to meters.
A beaker contains 255 mL of water. What is the volume of the water in (a) Cubic centimeters? (b) Cubic meters?
A nerve impulse travels along a myelinated neuron at 80 m/s. What is this speed in (a) mi/h and (b) cm/ms?
Blood flows through the aorta at an average speed of v = 18 cm/s. The aorta is roughly cylindrical with a radius r = 12 mm. The volume rate of blood flow through the aorta is π r2v. Calculate the volume rate of blood flow through the aorta in L/min.
Estimate the volume of a soccer ball in cubic centimeters (cm3).
How many significant figures should be written in the product 0.007 840 6 m × 9.450 20 m?(a) 3(b) 4(c) 5(d) 6(e) 7
Estimate the average mass of a person's leg.
What is the order of magnitude of the height (in meters) of a 40-story building?
Average-sized cells in the human body are about 10 μm in diameter. How many cells are in the human body? Make an order-of magnitude estimate.
You have just performed an experiment in which you measured many values of two quantities, A and B. According to theory, A = cB3 + A0. You want to verify that the values of c and A0 are correct by making a graph of your data that enables you to determine their values from a slope and a
In a physics lab, students measure the sedimentation velocity v of spheres with radius r falling through a fluid. The expected relationship is v = 2r2 g(ρ − ρf)/(9η). (a) How should the students plot the data to test this relationship? (b) How could they determine the value of η
(a) Estimate the number of breaths you take in one year. (b) Estimate the volume of air you breathe in during one year.
Estimate the number of automobile repair shops in your city by considering its population, how often an automobile needs repairs, and how many cars each shop can service per day. Then do a web search to see if your estimate has the right order of magnitude.
The total length of the blood vessels in the body is roughly 100,000 km. Most of this length is due to the capillaries, which have an average diameter of 8 μm. Estimate the total volume of blood in the human body by assuming that all the blood is found in the capillaries and that they are always
The weight W of an object is given by W = mg, where m is the object's mass and g is the gravitational field strength. The SI unit of field strength g, expressed in SI base units, is m/s2. What is the SI unit for weight, expressed in base units?
One morning you read in the New York Times that a certain billionaire has a net worth of $59,000,000,000. Later that day you see her on the street, and she gives you a $100 bill. What is her net worth now?
The average depth of the oceans is about 4 km, and oceans cover about 70% of Earth's surface. Make an order-of-magnitude estimate of the volume of water in the oceans. Do not look up any data. (Use your ingenuity to estimate the radius or circumference of Earth. One method is to estimate the
(a) How many center-stripe road reflectors, separated by 17.6 yd, are required along a 2.20 mile section of curving mountain roadway? (b) Solve the same problem for a road length of 3.54 km with the markers placed every 16.0 m. Would you prefer to be the highway engineer in a country with a
A baby was persistently spitting up after nursing, so the pediatrician prescribed ranitidine syrup to reduce the baby's stomach acid. The prescription called for 0.75 mL to be taken twice a day for a month. The pharmacist printed a label for the bottle of syrup that said “3/4 tsp. twice a day.”
On April 15, 1999, a South Korean cargo plane crashed due to a confusion over units. After takeoff, the first officer was instructed by the Shanghai tower to climb to 1500 m and maintain that altitude. The captain, after reaching 1450 m, twice asked the first officer at what altitude they should
Interaction partners(a) Are equal in magnitude and opposite in direction and act on the same object.(b) Are equal in magnitude and opposite in direction and act on different objects.(c) Appear in an FBD for a given object.(d) Always involve gravitational force as one partner.(e) Act in the same
Which item/s in the following list is/are a vector quantity? volume, force, speed, length, time.

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