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college physics with an integrated approach

Questions and Answers of College Physics With An Integrated Approach

Two converging lenses, of the same size and shape, are held in sunlight, the same distance above a sheet of paper. The figure shows the paths of some rays through the two lenses. Which lens is made
A spherical wave (from a point source) reflects from a planar surface. Draw a ray diagram and sketch some wavefronts for the reflected wave.
A man runs toward a plane mirror at 5 m/s and the mirror, on rollers, simultaneously approaches him at 2 m/s. What is the speed at which his image moves relative to the ground?(a) 14 m/s(b) 7 m/s(c)
A light ray reflects from a plane mirror as shown in the figure. What is the angle of deviation δ? 50° ဝ်
A ray of light passes from air into water, striking the surface of the water with an angle of incidence of 45°. Which of these quantities change as the light enters the water: wavelength, frequency,
Which of these statements correctly describe the images formed by an object placed before a single thin lens?1. Real images are always enlarged.2. Real images are always inverted.3. Virtual images
A point source of light is placed at the focal point of a converging lens; the rays of light coming out of the lens are parallel to the principal axis. Now suppose the source is moved closer to the
A concave mirror has focal length f.(a) If you look into the mirror from a distance less than f, is the image you see upright or inverted? (b) If you stand at a distance greater than 2f, is the
Light reflected from horizontal surfaces of lakes, roads, and automobile hoods is(a) Partially polarized in the horizontal direction.(b) Partially polarized in the vertical direction.(c) Partially
The focal length of a concave mirror is 4.00 m and an object is placed 3.00 m in front of the mirror. Describe the image in terms of real, virtual, upright, and inverted.
A light ray inside a glass prism is incident at Brewster's angle on a surface of the prism with air outside. Which of these is true?(a) There is no transmitted ray; the reflected ray is plane
Why is the passenger's side mirror in many cars convex rather than plane or concave?
When a virtual image is formed by a mirror, is it in front of the mirror or behind it? What about a real image?
In Figure 23.11, a coin is right up against the far edge of the mug. In picture (a) The coin is just hidden from view and in picture (b) We can almost see the whole coin. If the mug is 6.5
Light rays travel from left to right through a lens. If a virtual image is formed, on which side of the lens is it? On which side would a real image be found?
A glass lens has a scratch-resistant plastic coating on it. The speed of light in the glass is 0.67c, and the speed of light in the coating is 0.80c. A ray of light in the coating is incident on the
Why must projectors and cameras form real images? Does the lens in the eye form real or virtual images on the retina?
A 6.20 mH inductor is one of the elements in an RLC series circuit. When this circuit is connected to a 1.60 kHz sinusoidal source with an rms voltage of 960.0 V, an rms current of 2.50 A lags behind
An ac circuit has a single resistor, capacitor, and inductor in series. The circuit uses 100 W of power and draws a maximum rms current of 2.0 A when operating at 60 Hz and 120 V rms. The capacitive
An RLC circuit has a resistance of 10.0 Ω, an inductance of 15.0 mH, and a capacitance of 350 μF. By what factor does the impedance of this circuit change when the frequency at which it is driven
Repeat Problem 37 for an operating frequency of 98.7 Hz. (a) What is the phase angle for this circuit? (b) Draw the phasor diagram. (c) What is the resonant frequency for this
A variable inductor can be placed in series with a lightbulb to act as a dimmer. (a) What inductance would reduce the current through a 100 W lightbulb to 75% of its maximum value? Assume a 120
For a particular RLC series circuit, the capacitive reactance is 12.0 Ω, the inductive reactance is 23.0 Ω, and the maximum voltage across the 25.0 Ω resistor is 8.00 V. (a) What is the
A generator supplies an average power of 12 MW through a transmission line that has a resistance of 10.0 Ω. What is the power loss in the transmission line if the rms line voltage is (a)
(a) Calculate the rms current drawn by the load in the figure with Problem 88 if kV and the average power supplied by the generator is 12 MW. (b) Suppose that the average power supplied by
Make a figure analogous to Fig. 21.5 for an ideal inductor in an ac circuit. Start by assuming that the voltage across an ideal inductor is vL(t) = VL sin ωt. Make a graph showing one cycle of vL(t)
Which graph is correct if the circuit element is a capacitor?The graphs show the peak current as a function of frequency for various circuit elements placed in the diagrammed circuit. The amplitude
A series RLC circuit has R = 500.0 Ω, L = 35.0 mH, and C = 87.0 pF. What is the impedance of the circuit at resonance? Explain.
An RC filter is shown. The filter resistance R is variable between 180 Ω and 2200 Ω and the filter capacitance is C = 0.086 μF. At what frequency is the output amplitude equal to times the
The circuit shown has a source voltage of 440 V rms, resistance R = 250 Ω, inductance L = 0.800 H, and capacitance C = 2.22 μF. (a) Find the angular frequency ω0 for resonance in this
Electrical impedance tomography (EIT) is a medical imaging technique in which a low ac current is passed through part of the body. The impedance between the electrodes provides a measure of body
To test hearing at various frequencies, a resonant RLC circuit is connected to a speaker. The resonant frequency is selected by changing a variable capacitor. (a) For an RLC circuit with L = 300
Finola has a circuit with a 4.00 kΩ resistor, a 0.750 H inductor, and a capacitor of unknown value connected in series to a 440.0 Hz ac source. With an oscilloscope, she measures the phase angle to
The phasor diagram for a particular RLC series circuit is shown in the figure. If the circuit has a resistance of 100 Ω and is driven at a frequency of 60 Hz, find (a) The current
The diagram shows a simplified household circuit. Resistor r1 = 240.0 Ω represents a lightbulb; resistor r2 = 12.0 Ω represents a hair dryer. The resistors r = 0.50 Ω (each) represent the
The field coils used in an ac motor are designed to have a resistance of 0.45 Ω and an impedance of 35.0 Ω. What inductance is required if the frequency of the ac source is (a) 60.0
A 40.0 mH inductor, with internal resistance of 30.0 Ω, is connected to an ac source(a) What is the impedance of the inductor in the circuit? (b) What are the peak and rms voltages across the
An alternator supplies a peak current of 4.68 A to a coil. The voltage of the alternator is 420 V peak at 60.0 Hz. When a capacitor of 38.0 μF is placed in series with the coil, the power factor is
A large coil used as an electromagnet has a resistance of R = 450 Ω and an inductance of L = 2.47 H. The coil is connected to an ac source with a voltage amplitude of 2.0 kV and a frequency of 9.55
An RLC circuit has a resistance of 255 Ω, an inductance of 146 mH, and a capacitance of 877 nF. (a) What is the resonant frequency of this circuit? (b) If this circuit is connected to a
Transformers are often rated in terms of kilovoltamps. A pole on a residential street has a transformer rated at 35 kVA to serve four homes on the street. (a) If each home has a fuse that limits
In an RLC circuit, these three elements are connected in series: a resistor of 20.0 Ω, a 35.0 mH inductor, and a 50.0 μF capacitor. The ac source of the circuit has an rms voltage of 100.0 V and an
(a) What is the reactance of a 5.00 μF capacitor at the frequencies f = 12.0 Hz and 1.50 kHz? (b) What is the impedance of a series combination of the 5.00 μF capacitor and a 2.00 kΩ resistor
An RLC series circuit is connected to a 240 V rms power supply at a frequency of 2.50 kHz. The elements in the circuit have the following values: R = 12.0 Ω, C = 0.26 μF, and L = 15.2 mH. (a)
A parallel plate capacitor has two plates, each of area 3.0 × 10−4 m2, separated by 3.5 × 10−4 m. The space between the plates is filled with a dielectric. When the capacitor is connected to a
Suppose a power plant produces 800 kW of power and is to send that power for many miles over a copper wire with a total resistance of 12 Ω. (a) If the power is sent across the copper wires at
Consider an induction stove utilizing a primary heating coil located just beneath the stove top. The circuit elements in the stove supply the coil with a peak ac voltage of 340 V at a frequency of 50
A hydroelectric power plant is situated at the base of a dam. Water exits the power plant 120 m below the top of the reservoir at a speed of about 4 m/s (at atmospheric pressure). The volume flow
A parallel plate capacitor is used in a series RLC circuit along with a 0.650 H inductor. When the space between the plates is filled with a dielectric with k = 5.50, the resonant frequency is 220
The speed of an electromagnetic wave in vacuum depends on the amplitude of the electric field but not on the amplitude of the magnetic field.(a) The amplitude of the magnetic field but not on the
An electromagnetic wave is created by(a) All electric charges.(b) An accelerating electric charge.(c) An electric charge moving at constant velocity.(d) A stationary electric charge.(e) A stationary
The radio station that broadcasts your favorite music is located due north of your home; it uses a horizontal electric dipole antenna directed north-south. In order to receive this broadcast, you
The Sun is directly overhead, and you are facing toward the north. Light coming to your eyes from the sky just above the horizon is(a) Partially polarized north-south.(b) Partially polarized
Why are days longer in summer than in winter?
A dipole radio transmitter has its rod-shaped antenna oriented vertically. At a point due south of the transmitter, the radio waves have their magnetic field(a) Oriented north-south.(b) Oriented
A beam of light is linearly polarized. You wish to rotate its direction of polarization by 90° using one or more ideal polarizing sheets. To get maximum transmitted intensity, you should use how
A vertical electric dipole antenna (a) Radiates uniformly in all directions.(b) Radiates uniformly in all horizontal directions, but more strongly in the vertical direction.(c) Radiates most
Which is the only one of these properties of a wave that could be changed without changing any of the others?(a) Amplitude(b) Wavelength (c) Speed(d) Frequency
(a) Write an equation for a harmonic wave with amplitude 0.750 mm, frequency 36.0 Hz, and wave speed 144 m/s traveling in the +xdirection. At t = 0, the point x = 0 is at its maximum displacement in
Sketch the magnetic field as it would appear inside the coil of wire to an observer, looking into the coil from the position shown. I Observer's eye
A positron (q = +e) moves at 5.0 × 107 m/s in a magnetic field of magnitude 0.47 T. The magnetic force on the positron has magnitude 2.3 × 10−12 N. (a) What is the component of the
Six protons move (at speed v) in magnetic fields (magnitude B) along circular paths. Rank them in order of the radius of their paths, greatest to smallest. (a) v = 6 x 106 m/s, B = 0.3 T (b) v = 3 ×
In one type of mass spectrometer, ions having the same velocity move through a uniform magnetic field. The spectrometer is being used to distinguish 12C+ and 14C+ ions. The 12C+ ions move in a circle
Naturally occurring carbon consists of two different isotopes (excluding 14C, which is present in only trace amounts). The most abundant isotope is 12C. When carbon is placed in a mass spectrometer,
A sample containing 12C, 16O, and an unknown isotope is analyzed in a mass spectrometer. As in Fig. 19.17(a), the ions move around a semicircle before striking a photographic plate. The 12C+ and
After being accelerated through a potential difference of 5.0 kV, a singly charged 12C+ ion moves in a circle of radius 21 cm in the magnetic field of a mass spectrometer. What is the magnitude of
Show that the time for one revolution of a charged particle moving perpendicular to a uniform magnetic field is independent of its speed. (This is the principle on which the cyclotron operates.) In
The strip in the diagram is used as a Hall probe to measure magnetic fields, (a) What happens if the strip is not perpendicular to the field? Does the Hall probe still read the correct field
In each of six electric motors, a cylindrical coil with N turns and radius r is immersed in a magnetic field of magnitude B. The current in the coil is I. Rank the motors in order of the maximum
An electromagnetic flowmeter is used to measure blood flow rates during surgery. Blood containing ions (primarily Na+) flows through an artery with a diameter of 0.50 cm. The artery is in a magnetic
The intrinsic magnetic dipole moment of the electron has a magnitude 9.3 × 10−24 A·m2. What is the maximum torque on an electron due to its intrinsic dipole moment in a 1.0 T magnetic` field?
Imagine a long straight wire perpendicular to the page and carrying a current I into the page. Sketch some field lines with arrowheads to indicate directions.
Estimate the magnetic field at distances of 1 μm and 1 mm produced by a current of 3 μA along the medial nerve of the human arm. Model the nerve as a straight current-carrying wire. Compare with
Some animals are capable of detecting magnetic fields and use this sense to help them navigate. Suppose a high-voltage directcurrent power line carries a current of 5.0 kA. (a) How far from the
Two parallel wires in a horizontal plane carry currents I1 and I2 to the right. The wires each have length L and are separated by a distance d. Find the magnitudes and directions of the (a) The
Find the mass of the 238U+ ions in terms of v, B, D, and universal constants. Accelerating plates Plate area A -d- Ions N w+ -E S Velocity selector D Detector
(a) How much energy is stored in the inductor at t = 0? (b) What is the instantaneous rate of change of the inductor’s energy at t = 0? (c) What is the average rate of change of the
A dc motor has coils with a resistance of 16 Ω and is connected to an emf of 120.0 V. When the motor operates at full speed, the back emf is 72 V. (a) What is the current in the motor when it
A circular conducting coil with radius 2.6 cm is placed in a vertical magnetic field of 0.33 T. The coil is made of copper wire with a diameter of 0.90 mm. The coil starts in a horizontal plane and
A solid metal cylinder of mass m rolls down parallel metal rails spaced a distance L apart with a constant acceleration of magnitude a0 [part (a) of figure]. The rails are inclined at an angle θ to
For an ac circuit, graphs (1, 2) could represent: 1 NAV
For an ideal inductor in an ac circuit, the current through the inductor (a) Is in phase with the induced emf.(b) Leads the induced emf by 90°.(c) Leads the induced emf by an angle less than
For a capacitor in an ac circuit, how much energy is stored in the capacitor at the instant when current is zero? (a) zero (b) maximum (c) half of the maximum amount (d) 1/√2x the maximum
For an ideal inductor in an ac circuit, how much energy is stored in the inductor at the instant when current is zero? (a) zero (b) maximum (c) half of the maximum amount (d) 1/√2x the maximum
A capacitor is connected to the terminals of a variable frequency oscillator. The peak voltage of the source is kept fixed while the frequency is increased. Which statement is true?(a) The rms
A voltage v(t) = (120 V) sin [(302 rad/s)t] is produced by an ac generator. What is the rms voltage and the frequency of the source? (a) 170 V and 213 Hz (b) 20 V and 427 Hz (c) 60 V and 150
An ac source is connected to a series combination of a resistor, capacitor, and an inductor. Which statement is correct?(a) The current in the capacitor leads the current in the inductor by 180°.(b)
A series RLC circuit is connected to an ac generator. When the generator frequency varies (but the peak emf is constant), the average power is: a minimum (b) a minimum (c) equal to (d) equal to when
The instantaneous sinusoidal emf from an ac generator with an rms emf of 4.0 V oscillates between what values?
What happens if a 40 W incandescent lightbulb, designed to be connected to an ac voltage with amplitude 170 V and frequency 60 Hz, is instead connected to a 170 V dc power supply? Explain. What dc
Which graph is correct if the circuit element is a resistor?The graphs show the peak current as a function of frequency for various circuit elements placed in the diagrammed circuit. The amplitude of
A circuit has a resistor and an unknown component in series with a 12 V (rms) sinusoidal ac source. The current in the circuit decreases by 20% when the frequency decreases from 240 Hz to 160 Hz.
Show that over one complete cycle, the average value of a sin2 ωt is 1/2. Use the trigonometric identity sin2 ωt = (1 − cos 2ωt)/2.
A circuit has a resistor and an unknown component in series with a 12 V (rms) sinusoidal ac source. The current in the circuit decreases by 25% when the frequency increases from 150 Hz to 250 Hz.
Explain what is meant by a phase difference. Sketch graphs of i(t) and vC(t), given that the current leads the voltage by π/2 radians.
Show, from XC = 1/(ωC), that the units of capacitive reactance are ohms.
Three capacitors (2.0 μF, 3.0 μF, 6.0 μF) are connected in series to an ac voltage source with amplitude 12.0 V and frequency 6.3 kHz. (a) What are the peak voltages across each
A capacitor (capacitance = C) is connected to an ac power supply with peak voltage V and angular frequency ω. (a) During a quarter cycle when the capacitor goes from being uncharged to fully
Suppose that current flows to the left through the inductor in Fig. 21.7a so that i is negative. (a) If the current is increasing in magnitude, what is the sign of Δi/Δt? (b) In what
A 15.0 g conducting rod of length 1.30 m is free to slide downward between two vertical rails without friction. The ends of the rod maintain electrical contact with the rails. The rails are connected

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