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social science
introduction to logic
A Concise Introduction to Logic 13th edition Patrick J. Hurley, Lori Watson - Solutions
There is a giant star in the Tarantula Nebula.Translate the following into standard-form categorical propositions.
There is a giant star in the Tarantula Nebula.Translate the following into standard-form categorical propositions.
Comets are the only heavenly bodies with tails.Translate the following into standard-form categorical propositions.
Only nuclear-powered vehicles are suitable for deep-space exploration.Translate the following into standard-form categorical propositions.
A few organic silicones are used as lubricants.Translate the following into standard-form categorical propositions.
Joseph J. Thomson discovered the electron.Translate the following into standard-form categorical propositions.
Warmth always relieves pain.Translate the following into standard-form categorical propositions.
A man is a bachelor only if he is unmarried.Translate the following into standard-form categorical propositions.
She’s depressed whenever she gains weight.Translate the following into standard-form categorical propositions.
She gains weight whenever she’s depressed.Translate the following into standard-form categorical propositions.
None but pirate ships fly the Jolly Roger.Translate the following into standard-form categorical propositions.
Manipulators do not make good marriage partners.Translate the following into standard-form categorical propositions.
A television show that depicts violence incites violence.Translate the following into standard-form categorical propositions.
If it’s a halogen, then it isn’t chemically inert.Translate the following into standard-form categorical propositions.
Every jazz fan admires Duke Ellington.Translate the following into standard-form categorical propositions.
Not all guilt feelings are psychological aberrations.Translate the following into standard-form categorical propositions.
Bromine is extractable from seawater.Translate the following into standard-form categorical propositions.
Terrorist attacks succeed whenever security measures are lax.Translate the following into standard-form categorical propositions.
Temporary workers are not eligible for fringe benefits.Translate the following into standard-form categorical propositions.
Any bank that makes too many risky loans will fail.Translate the following into standard-form categorical propositions.
Create five new immediate inferences composed of standard-form categorical propositions. Then use the modified Venn diagram technique to test each for validity.
Create five new immediate inferences composed of standard-form categorical propositions. Then use the modified Venn diagram technique to test each for validity.
Create a new categorical proposition for each of the four forms (A, E, I, O). Then, for each one, write out the three categorical propositions related to it by the traditional square of opposition (similar to Part I of this exercise). Finally, assuming the original propositions are true, use the
Some pleasant recollections are not missed opportunities.Therefore, some availed opportunities are not unpleasant recollections.Use either the traditional square of opposition or conversion, obversion, or contraposition to determine whether the following immediate inferences are valid or invalid.
All porcelain figurines are fragile artifacts.Therefore, it is false that some porcelain figurines are not fragile artifacts.Use either the traditional square of opposition or conversion, obversion, or contraposition to determine whether the following immediate inferences are valid or invalid. For
Some economists are followers of Ayn Rand.Therefore, some economists are not followers of Ayn Rand.Use either the traditional square of opposition or conversion, obversion, or contraposition to determine whether the following immediate inferences are valid or invalid. For those that are invalid,
No stolen computer chips are easy items to trace.Therefore, no difficult items to trace are computer chips that are not stolen.Use either the traditional square of opposition or conversion, obversion, or contraposition to determine whether the following immediate inferences are valid or invalid.
Some cases of whistle-blowing are actions disloyal to employers.Therefore, some cases of whistle-blowing are not actions loyal to employers.Use either the traditional square of opposition or conversion, obversion, or contraposition to determine whether the following immediate inferences are valid
It is false that all substances that control cell growth are hormones.Therefore, no substances that control cell growth are hormones.Use either the traditional square of opposition or conversion, obversion, or contraposition to determine whether the following immediate inferences are valid or
Some hedge-fund managers are not responsible investors.Therefore, some responsible investors are not hedge-fund managers.Use either the traditional square of opposition or conversion, obversion, or contraposition to determine whether the following immediate inferences are valid or invalid. For
No pet hamsters are animals that need much attention.Therefore, it is false that all pet hamsters are animals that need much attention.Use either the traditional square of opposition or conversion, obversion, or contraposition to determine whether the following immediate inferences are valid or
No pet hamsters are animals that need much attention.Therefore, it is false that all pet hamsters are animals that need much attention.Use either the traditional square of opposition or conversion, obversion, or contraposition to determine whether the following immediate inferences are valid or
It is false that some international terrorists are political moderates.Therefore, some international terrorists are not political moderates.Use either the traditional square of opposition or conversion, obversion, or contraposition to determine whether the following immediate inferences are valid
All flying elephants are jolly pachyderms.Therefore, some flying elephants are jolly pachyderms.Use either the traditional square of opposition or conversion, obversion, or contraposition to determine whether the following immediate inferences are valid or invalid. For those that are invalid, name
All Barbie dolls are toys that engender a false sense of values.Therefore, no Barbie dolls are toys that engender a true sense of values.Use either the traditional square of opposition or conversion, obversion, or contraposition to determine whether the following immediate inferences are valid or
Some terminally ill patients are patients who do not want to live.Therefore, some patients who want to live are recovering patients.Use either the traditional square of opposition or conversion, obversion, or contraposition to determine whether the following immediate inferences are valid or
Some jobs in health care are not glamorous occupations.Therefore, some jobs in health care are glamorous occupations.Use either the traditional square of opposition or conversion, obversion, or contraposition to determine whether the following immediate inferences are valid or invalid. For those
No meat-eating vegetarians are individuals with a high-protein diet.Therefore, no individuals with a high-protein diet are meat-eating vegetarians.Use either the traditional square of opposition or conversion, obversion, or contraposition to determine whether the following immediate inferences are
It is false that some jogging events are not aerobic activities.Therefore, it is false that no jogging events are aerobic activities.Use either the traditional square of opposition or conversion, obversion, or contraposition to determine whether the following immediate inferences are valid or
Exercises 11 through 20 provide a statement, its truth value in parentheses, and a new statement. Determine how the new statement was derived from the given statement and supply the truth value of the new statement. Take the Aristotelian standpoint in working these exercises and assume that the
Exercises 11 through 20 provide a statement, its truth value in parentheses, and a new statement. Determine how the new statement was derived from the given statement and supply the truth value of the new statement. Take the Aristotelian standpoint in working these exercises and assume that the
Exercises 11 through 20 provide a statement, its truth value in parentheses, and a new statement. Determine how the new statement was derived from the given statement and supply the truth value of the new statement. Take the Aristotelian standpoint in working these exercises and assume that the
Exercises 11 through 20 provide a statement, its truth value in parentheses, and a new statement. Determine how the new statement was derived from the given statement and supply the truth value of the new statement. Take the Aristotelian standpoint in working these exercises and assume that the
Exercises 11 through 20 provide a statement, its truth value in parentheses, and a new statement. Determine how the new statement was derived from the given statement and supply the truth value of the new statement. Take the Aristotelian standpoint in working these exercises and assume that the
Exercises 11 through 20 provide a statement, its truth value in parentheses, and a new statement. Determine how the new statement was derived from the given statement and supply the truth value of the new statement. Take the Aristotelian standpoint in working these exercises and assume that the
Exercises 11 through 20 provide a statement, its truth value in parentheses, and a new statement. Determine how the new statement was derived from the given statement and supply the truth value of the new statement. Take the Aristotelian standpoint in working these exercises and assume that the
Exercises 11 through 20 provide a statement, its truth value in parentheses, and a new statement. Determine how the new statement was derived from the given statement and supply the truth value of the new statement. Take the Aristotelian standpoint in working these exercises and assume that the
Exercises 11 through 20 provide a statement, its truth value in parentheses, and a new statement. Determine how the new statement was derived from the given statement and supply the truth value of the new statement. Take the Aristotelian standpoint in working these exercises and assume that the
Exercises 11 through 20 provide a statement, its truth value in parentheses, and a new statement. Determine how the new statement was derived from the given statement and supply the truth value of the new statement. Take the Aristotelian standpoint in working these exercises and assume that the
Exercises 11 through 20 provide a statement, its truth value in parentheses, and a new statement. Determine how the new statement was derived from the given statement and supply the truth value of the new statement. Take the Aristotelian standpoint in working these exercises and assume that the
Exercises 1 through 10 provide a statement, its truth value in parentheses, and an operation to be performed on that statement. Supply the new statement and the truth value of the new statement.
Exercises 1 through 10 provide a statement, its truth value in parentheses, and an operation to be performed on that statement. Supply the new statement and the truth value of the new statement.
Exercises 1 through 10 provide a statement, its truth value in parentheses, and an operation to be performed on that statement. Supply the new statement and the truth value of the new statement.
Exercises 1 through 10 provide a statement, its truth value in parentheses, and an operation to be performed on that statement. Supply the new statement and the truth value of the new statement.
Exercises 1 through 10 provide a statement, its truth value in parentheses, and an operation to be performed on that statement. Supply the new statement and the truth value of the new statement.
Exercises 1 through 10 provide a statement, its truth value in parentheses, and an operation to be performed on that statement. Supply the new statement and the truth value of the new statement.
Exercises 1 through 10 provide a statement, its truth value in parentheses, and an operation to be performed on that statement. Supply the new statement and the truth value of the new statement.
Exercises 1 through 10 provide a statement, its truth value in parentheses, and an operation to be performed on that statement. Supply the new statement and the truth value of the new statement.
Exercises 1 through 10 provide a statement, its truth value in parentheses, and an operation to be performed on that statement. Supply the new statement and the truth value of the new statement.
Exercises 1 through 10 provide a statement, its truth value in parentheses, and an operation to be performed on that statement. Supply the new statement and the truth value of the new statement.
Some film directors are artistic visionaries.Therefore, some film directors are not artistic visionaries.Use the traditional square of opposition to determine whether the following immediate inferences are valid or invalid and sound or unsound. Name any fallacies that are committed.
It is false that some functional skateboards are not devices equipped with wheels.Therefore, all functional skateboards are devices equipped with wheels.Use the traditional square of opposition to determine whether the following immediate inferences are valid or invalid and sound or unsound. Name
It is false that no bankrupt hair salons are thriving enterprises.Therefore, all bankrupt hair salons are thriving enterprises.Use the traditional square of opposition to determine whether the following immediate inferences are valid or invalid and sound or unsound. Name any fallacies that are
All truthful lies are curious assertions.Therefore, some truthful lies are curious assertions.Use the traditional square of opposition to determine whether the following immediate inferences are valid or invalid and sound or unsound. Name any fallacies that are committed.
Some tax cheats are not honest citizens.Therefore, no tax cheats are honest citizens.Use the traditional square of opposition to determine whether the following immediate inferences are valid or invalid and sound or unsound. Name any fallacies that are committed.
It is false that all visitors to Rio are Carnival addicts.Therefore, no visitors to Rio are Carnival addicts.Use the traditional square of opposition to determine whether the following immediate inferences are valid or invalid and sound or unsound. Name any fallacies that are committed.
It is false that some ruby earrings are not pieces of jewelry.Therefore, some ruby earrings are pieces of jewelry.Use the traditional square of opposition to determine whether the following immediate inferences are valid or invalid and sound or unsound. Name any fallacies that are committed.
It is false that some suicide survivors are comeback kids.Therefore, some suicide survivors are not comeback kids.Use the traditional square of opposition to determine whether the following immediate inferences are valid or invalid and sound or unsound. Name any fallacies that are committed.
It is false that some recessions are not periods of economic decline.Therefore, it is false that no recessions are periods of economic decline.Use the traditional square of opposition to determine whether the following immediate inferences are valid or invalid and sound or unsound. Name any
All dolphins are polar bears.Therefore, it is false that no dolphins are polar bears.Use the traditional square of opposition to determine whether the following immediate inferences are valid or invalid and sound or unsound. Name any fallacies that are committed.
It is false that some wood ticks are not carriers of Lyme disease.Therefore, some wood ticks are carriers of Lyme disease.Use the traditional square of opposition to determine whether the following immediate inferences are valid or invalid. Name any fallacies that are committed.
It is false that no leveraged buyouts are deals unfair to workers.Therefore, all leveraged buyouts are deals unfair to workers.Use the traditional square of opposition to determine whether the following immediate inferences are valid or invalid. Name any fallacies that are committed.
No flying reindeer are animals who get lost in the fog.Therefore, it is false that all flying reindeer are animals who get lost in the fog.Use the traditional square of opposition to determine whether the following immediate inferences are valid or invalid. Name any fallacies that are committed.
It is false that some network news programs are exercises in mediocrity.Therefore, it is false that no network news programs are exercises in mediocrity.Use the traditional square of opposition to determine whether the following immediate inferences are valid or invalid. Name any fallacies that are
Some school busses manufactured on the moon are not plasma-powered vehicles.Therefore, it is false that all school busses manufactured on the moon are plasma-powered vehicles.Use the traditional square of opposition to determine whether the following immediate inferences are valid or invalid. Name
It is false that some orthodox psychoanalysts are not individuals driven by a religious fervor.Therefore, it is false that some orthodox psychoanalysts are individuals driven by a religious fervorUse the traditional square of opposition to determine whether the following immediate inferences are
It is false that some tooth fairies are daytime visitors.Therefore, some tooth fairies are not daytime visitors.Use the traditional square of opposition to determine whether the following immediate inferences are valid or invalid. Name any fallacies that are committed.
It is false that some forms of human creativity are activities amenable to mathematical analysis.Therefore, it is false that all forms of human creativity are activities amenable to mathematical analysis.Use the traditional square of opposition to determine whether the following immediate
It is false that all mainstream conservatives are people who support free legal services for the poor.Therefore, no mainstream conservatives are people who support free legal services for the poor.Use the traditional square of opposition to determine whether the following immediate inferences are
Some pornographic publications are materials protected by the First Amendment.Therefore, it is false that no pornographic publications are materials protected by the First Amendment.Use the traditional square of opposition to determine whether the following immediate inferences are valid or
Some campus romances are episodes plagued by violence.Therefore, some campus romances are not episodes plagued by violence.Use the traditional square of opposition to determine whether the following immediate inferences are valid or invalid. Name any fallacies that are committed.
It is false that some trolls are not creatures who live under bridges.Therefore, it is false that no trolls are creatures who live under bridges.Use the traditional square of opposition to determine whether the following immediate inferences are valid or invalid. Name any fallacies that are
All homemakers are people with real jobs.Therefore, it is false that no homemakers are people with real jobs.Use the traditional square of opposition to determine whether the following immediate inferences are valid or invalid. Name any fallacies that are committed.
It is false that no jailhouse informants are people who can be trusted.Therefore, some jailhouse informants are not people who can be trusted.Use the traditional square of opposition to determine whether the following immediate inferences are valid or invalid. Name any fallacies that are committed.
All advocates of school prayer are individuals who insist on imposing their views on others.Therefore, some advocates of school prayer are individuals who insist on imposing their views on others.Use the traditional square of opposition to determine whether the following immediate inferences are
If “Some obsessive-compulsive behaviors are not curable diseases” is false, what is the truth value of the following statements?a. All obsessive-compulsive behaviors are curable diseases.b. No obsessive-compulsive behaviors are curable diseases.c. Some obsessive-compulsive behaviors are curable
If “Some obsessive-compulsive behaviors are not curable diseases” is true, what is the truth value of the following statements?a. All obsessive-compulsive behaviors are curable diseases.b. No obsessive-compulsive behaviors are curable diseases.c. Some obsessive-compulsive behaviors are curable
If “Some assassinations are morally justifiable actions” is false, what is the truth value of the following statements?a. All assassinations are morally justifiable actions.b. No assassinations are morally justifiable actions.c. Some assassinations are not morally justifiable actions.Use the
If “Some assassinations are morally justifiable actions” is true, what is the truth value of the following statements?a. All assassinations are morally justifiable actions.b. No assassinations are morally justifiable actions.c. Some assassinations are not morally justifiable actions.Use the
If “No sting operations are cases of entrapment” is false, what is the truth value of the following statements?a. All sting operations are cases of entrapment.b. Some sting operations are cases of entrapment.c. Some sting operations are not cases of entrapment.Use the traditional square of
If “No sting operations are cases of entrapment” is true, what is the truth value of the following statements?a. All sting operations are cases of entrapment.b. Some sting operations are cases of entrapment.c. Some sting operations are not cases of entrapment.Use the traditional square of
If “All fashion fads are products of commercial brainwashing” is false, what is the truth value of the following statements?a. No fashion fads are products of commercial brainwashing.b. Some fashion fads are products of commercial brainwashing.c. Some fashion fads are not products of commercial
If “All fashion fads are products of commercial brainwashing” is true, what is the truth value of the following statements?a. No fashion fads are products of commercial brainwashing.b. Some fashion fads are products of commercial brainwashing.c. Some fashion fads are not products of commercial
Create a new categorical proposition for each of the four forms (A, E, I, O). Then convert, obvert, and contrapose each one, and state whether the resulting proposition is logically equivalent to the original proposition.
Some pro-lifers are not people concerned with child welfare.Therefore, some pro-lifers are people unconcerned with child welfare.Use conversion, obversion, and contraposition to determine whether the following arguments are valid or invalid. For those that are invalid, name the fallacy committed.
All unpleasant experiences are things we do not like to remember.Therefore, all things we like to remember are pleasant experiences.Use conversion, obversion, and contraposition to determine whether the following arguments are valid or invalid. For those that are invalid, name the fallacy committed.
Some distant galaxies are not structures visible to the naked eye.Therefore, some structures visible to the naked eye are not distant galaxies.Use conversion, obversion, and contraposition to determine whether the following arguments are valid or invalid. For those that are invalid, name the
All fire-breathing dragons are lizards that languish in soggy climates.Therefore, no fire-breathing dragons are lizards that flourish in soggy climates.Use conversion, obversion, and contraposition to determine whether the following arguments are valid or invalid. For those that are invalid, name
No nonprescription drugs are medicines without adverse effects.Therefore, no medicines with adverse effects are prescription drugs.Use conversion, obversion, and contraposition to determine whether the following arguments are valid or invalid. For those that are invalid, name the fallacy committed.
All hired killers are criminals who deserve the death penalty.Therefore, all criminals who deserve the death penalty are hired killers.Use conversion, obversion, and contraposition to determine whether the following arguments are valid or invalid. For those that are invalid, name the fallacy
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